Family and general practitioners serve patients in a variety of ways.
Family and general practitioners are physicians whose training and education prepares them to treat patients of any age.
Job Titles
Family and general practitioners are virtually the same, although some general practitioners do not focus on pediatric and newborn care.
Description
Family and general practitioners diagnose and treat illnesses and injuries. Their patients can range from infants to senior citizens.
Duties
A general practitioner provides physical exams, advises and treats patients with illnesses, injuries or disease, and will refer patients to specialists, if necessary, for the treatment of specific diseases or conditions.
Training
Family and general practitioners are licensed physicians who have graduated from a medical or osteopathic school. They have received general training in numerous areas throughout their medical residency and extensive training in the area of family or general medicine.
Educational Background
Individuals interested in family or general practice may pursue a bachelor's degree in a number of fields, though most focus on the sciences (chemistry, biology or psychology). Upon completion of the bachelor's degree, an individual must be accepted into medical school for further instruction before training in a chosen specialty.
Tags: general practitioners, Family general, Family general practitioners, bachelor degree, family general, illnesses injuries
A number of different hormones make your breasts grow over your lifetime. The period of greatest breast growth is in puberty. As an adult, you may wonder if hormones can cause further breast growth. Later, in maturity, you might ponder over where your breasts went, and if you can get them back again. The hormones that affect breast growth are powerful, but the way that they interact is complex. So, our ability to harness the power of hormones for breast growth is limited.
Identification
The primary sex hormone in a woman's body is estrogen. Estrogen is produced by the ovaries throughout a woman's life. Estrogen levels are lowest in childhood and after menopause. At puberty, estrogen levels spike, promoting the maturation of the reproductive organs and the growth of the breast tissues and pubic and underarm hair. Progesterone and testosterone are also produced by the ovaries, but these are not as responsible for breast growth as estrogen.
Function
Estrogen production does not begin spontaneously. At puberty, the brain produces gonadotropin-releasing hormones which trigger the pituitary to produce the hormones called gonadotropins. The primary gonadotropins that act on the ovaries are luteinizing hormone, or LH, and follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH. LH and FSH cause the ovaries to boost estrogen production. This increase in pituitary and gonadal hormones only occurs in puberty, which is why the dramatic breast growth of puberty cannot be duplicated later.
Size
Genetic body fat distribution plays a major role in breast growth. So, the size the female breast attains during puberty is highly variable between individuals. A woman who is predisposed to have little fat on the chest wall will ultimately have small breasts. This does not affect the functional breast tissues or ability to lactate.
Effects
Hormones cause breast size to change slightly throughout a woman's life. During pregnancy estrogen levels rise, and a woman will notice an increase in breast size. Part of this is due to swelling of the mammary tissues, and part is due to body fat gain. When estrogen begins to decline after age 35, the functional breast tissues involute, or shrink. A decrease in estrogen also causes a woman's body fat to become redistributed in a more childlike pattern--away from the breasts and buttocks, and toward the belly.
Considerations
Breasts may seem to grow in response to estrogen supplementation. Estrogen replacement therapy can cause breast swelling and tenderness similar to pregnancy or premenstrual phases. Herbal supplements like saw palmetto or wild yam, which containing phytoestrogens, can have a similar effect. In both cases though, breast size will revert to normal when the estrogen or phytostrogens are discontinued.
Tags: breast growth, breast size, breast tissues, breast growth puberty, cause breast, functional breast
Breast specialists diagnose and treat breast disease.
A breast specialist is a health care practitioner who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of breast disease and breast cancer.
Types
Breast specialists often work in women's health clinics.
A breast specialist is a physician, nurse practitioner or physician assistant who has received medical training and has a specific focus in women's health. He or she might work alone in a private practice, but usually specialists work in a group setting at a hospital, women's health clinic or a breast clinic.
Features
Breast specialists treat and diagnose breast cancer.
Breast specialists diagnose and treat benign breast disease, breast cancer and breast cysts. They also treat conditions related to pregnancy and breastfeeding, menstruation and menopause.
Considerations
Contact your gynecologist for a referral to a breast specialist.
If you need a breast specialist, contact your gynecologist first. He or she might be able to address your needs, and if not, should be able to refer you to a specialist within your health insurance network.
Tags: Breast specialists, breast cancer, breast disease, breast disease breast, disease breast, women health
Your thyroid gland's main function is to produce the hormones that cause your body to burn calories. Surgical removal of the thyroid will cause major, lasting changes to your body's metabolism.
Hyperthyroidism
Partial thyroidectomy (thyroid removal) is the treatment of choice for some hyperthyroid patients. Because a thyroid gland in overdrive typically causes weight loss, it makes sense that appropriate treatment will result in regaining some or all of the weight you lost while you were ill.
Thyroid Tumors
Your doctor may recommend a thyroidectomy if you have thyroid nodules that are suspicious for malignancy. If it turns out that you have thyroid cancer (which typically has a very high cure rate), your treatment will usually involve removal of the entire gland. If the tumor(s) are benign, then you may have only a partial thyroidectomy.
Thyroid Hormone Replacement
If you have a partial thyroidectomy, your doctor may not prescribe any thyroid replacement medication afterward, as your remaining thyroid tissue is expected to continue producing adequate amounts of hormone. However, if you had your thyroid removed due to cancer, you will take a thyroid hormone pill daily--not only to replace what your body can no longer produce, but to deter the pituitary gland from making thryoid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which may encouarge tumor growth.
Know Your Numbers
After surgery, your thryoid medication should replicate the function of a healthy thyroid gland. You will have blood tests to ensure that you are taking the correct dose. Your doctor should measure your TSH, free T3 and free T4 levels. If any of these is outside the normal range, you may experience symptoms of hypothyroidism, especially weight gain.
Diet and Exercise
We gain weight when our caloric intake exceeds the number of calories we burn. After surgery, it may take time to optimize your dose of thyroid hormone replacement. You may also gain weight if you alter your exercise routine during recovery.
Unfortunately, weight gain is a fairly common experience following thyroidectomy. Don't let your doctor tell you that it is a coincidence that this began at the moment your body's metabolism was irrevocably altered. Your doctor should base your thyroid medication dosage on your symptoms and complete clinical picture, not just your TSH number.
Tags: your body, thyroid gland, After surgery, body metabolism, doctor should
There are two thyroid glands in the throat of the dog that are responsible for the production and storage of thyroid hormones. These hormones control many of the functions in the dog's body, including metabolism.
About Tumors
Thyroid tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign tumors often grow to enormous sizes and may cause the thyroid to produce excess hormones. Malignant tumors can spread to other portions of the body.
Symptoms
Dogs affected with a thyroid tumor may or may not show symptoms. Dogs who are showing symptoms may show signs of difficulty swallowing, hyperthyroidism, excessive drinking or urination, coughing or difficulty breathing.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing a thyroid tumor includes a physical exam, X-rays, an ultrasound or a CAT scan to fully determine the characteristics of the tumor. Biopsies can be done to determine if the tumor is benign or malignant.
Treatment
Some tumors are too involved with local tissues and blood vessels, so removal is not always the best option. Other treatment options include chemotherapy or radiation.
Prognosis
Survival rates can vary from dog to dog. Some dogs may live three years or more following treatment for a thyroid tumor.
Kidney infections are both painful and dangerous. The pain may be so severe that a trip to the emergency room will be necessary. At best, moving will be painful and cranberry juice cocktail will be your best friend.
Types
Types of kidney infection symptoms include back pain, frequent urination, cloudy urine with a strong odor, nocturia (urge to urinate during the night), burning sensation on urination, stomach pain or pressure, fever, hematuria (blood in urine) and groin pain. Infant's kidney infection symptoms include irritability, loss of appetite and bed wetting (enuresis). Identifying severe kidney infection symptoms may include high fever over 101 degrees Fahrenheit. Exhaustion/fatigue, night sweats, nausea or vomiting, chills/shaking and confusion may also occur. Excessive shaking and chills warrant a trip to the ER to check the severity of infection.
Identification
After you undergo tests, including ultrasound, urine tests, urine input and output, the doctor will arrive at a diagnosis and you may receive a painkiller at the hospital. He may then prescribe drugs called quinolones, such as norfloxacin (Noroxin) and ciprofloxacin (Cipro), to treat the kidney infection. He also may precribe pain medication in the form of Vicodin and Phenergan.
Benefits
Cranberry juice cocktail or cranberry capsules are beneficial to kidney infection in that cranberries are a natural antibiotic. Flushing the body with cranberry juice cocktail helps rid kidney infection naturally. Drinking plenty of fluids helps clean out the renal system, as well as keeping you well-hydrated.
Prevention/Solution
For women, wipe front to back to avoid contamination from anus to urethra.
Take showers instead of bathing to prevent excess water causing irritation.
Urinate frequently, especially after intercourse.
Do not take cranberry juice if you're taking Coumadin or warfarin. The combination may cause bleeding.
Avoid feminine products, douching, or sprays; these products irritate sensitive skin.
Wash genitalia carefully, rinsing thoroughly with plain water.
Keep hydrated--drink plenty of clear fluids. Avoid citrus or sugary drinks as these may inflame the urethra.
Use a heating pad on the stomach or sides to alleviate pain.
Rest as much as possible.
Take a pain reliever to alleviate symptoms.
Considerations
Many conditions may cause kidney infections such as pregnancy, cancer, kidney stones and problems within the urinary tract. Women are prone to kidney infections due to being exposed to bacteria during intercourse which then travel through the urinary tract into the bladder and continue to the kidneys.
Pediatric oral and maxillofacial surgeons can correct birth defects.
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are the surgical specialists of the dental profession. Pediatric surgeons have the additional training and experience needed to perform surgery on children.
Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
Oral and maxillofacial surgery is performed on pediatric patients to correct defects or repair injuries to the jaw, mouth, head and face. A child born with a cleft palate or a child hit in the face with a baseball during a game could require such surgery.
Techniques
While performing oral and maxillofacial surgery on a pediatric patient, a surgeon must take into account the fact that the bones and tissues involved will continue to grow as the child ages, according to "Peterson's Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery."
Considerations
Children can be difficult to sedate safely for oral and maxillofacial surgery. One of the risks of undergoing surgery is an adverse reaction to anesthesia, which can range from nausea upon waking to depressed breathing and even death.
The Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act was passed by the Canadian Parliament in 1957 and marked a major initial step in the development of the Federal role in the Canadian health insurance system.
National Health Grants
The Canadian government began supporting health care in the late 1940s, with National Health Grants, administered by the provinces, that were used mainly to build the nation's hospital infrastructure.
Individual Hospital Insurance
By the mid-1950s, Canadian lawmakers began discussing ways to cover individuals for their hospital care needs, which led to the adoption of the Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act. By 1961, all Canadian provinces were participating in the program.
Expanded Coverage
In 1968, the Canadian government began providing health insurance coverage outside the hospital setting with the implementation of the Medical Care Act. Like the previous programs, this was administered by the provinces, all of which were participating by 1972.
Reimbursement
Under the Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act, the Canadian government reimbursed the provinces for 50 percent of their total hospital insurance costs. Funding methods were changed several times in the following decades.
Current System
The provisions of the Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Act and the Medical Care Act were unified in the Canada Health Act of 1984, which is now the governing law (as amended) for the Canadian health insurance system.
Tags: Hospital Insurance, Hospital Insurance Diagnostic, Insurance Diagnostic, Canadian government, Diagnostic Services, health insurance
Florida enacted insurance reform during the 1990's.
In the 1990's, the state of Florida took action and made laws to reform the health care system. These laws were designed to help those with pre-existing health conditions that did not qualify for state aid through Medicare or Medicaid and protect them from increases in insurance prices.
Individual Coverage
Florida law does not guarantee that all residents have access to health insurance. Most insurance companies take into consideration the health of the individual applying for insurance before determining whether or not to offer insurance coverage. Those that obtain health insurance coverage, however, do have a guarantee to renew the policy. Exceptions to the guaranteed renewability law may be made if the individual moves outside of the insurance plan's coverage area or if the insurance company decides to terminate all insurance coverage across the state of Florida.
Small Group Coverage
Florida insurance companies that offer small group coverage, must become a risk-assuming carrier or become a carrier that offers those high risk individuals with coverage, the option of being re-insured with the company.The definition of a small group in Florida is a company with 50 employees or less. Florida law states that a health insurance company that offers small group coverage must base the individual's premium on age, the number of family members, gender, tobacco use, and location. Insurance rates may not be based on the health of any group or individual or past claims history. Small group insurance companies are required by law to offer a standard policy and a basic policy to those that wish to be covered with their employer. Standard policy is a type of major medical coverage and the basic policy may have lower benefits, but is often more affordable than the standard policy.
Rate Regulation/Disapproval
According to Flsenate.gov, all insurance companies that issue health insurance policies in Florida must file their rates with the Florida Department of Insurance. This must be filed at least 30 days prior to use and allows the Department of Insurance to determine if the rates will be approved or disapproved. The Florida Department of Insurance may decide to disapprove the rates if they are found to provide benefits which are unreasonable in relationship to the amount of the premium charged to the individual for coverage. This helps to discourage insurance companies from charging exorbitant prices for coverage or participate in unfair discrimination in sales practices.
Tags: insurance companies, health insurance, Department Insurance, insurance coverage, basic policy, companies that, Coverage Florida
Radiologists perform and interpret diagnostic medical images.
Radiologists are medical doctors who perform diagnostic imaging procedures such as MRIs, CTs, mammography and ultrasounds. They interpret the results of the tests and communicate findings with other medical personnel and patients. Radiologists also review patient medical records to determine risk factors associated with potential medical procedures. The earnings of radiologists vary by geographic location. In Alabama, radiologists earn less than the national average.
Statewide Earnings
According to salary information from Indeed, radiologists in Alabama earn an average of $102,000 per year. Nationally, radiologists earn about $159,000 per year, depending on years experience, job type and geographic location. In major metropolitan areas in Alabama, such as Birmingham and Montgomery, radiologists earn average salaries ranging from $90,000 to $91,000, according to indeed. In cities such as Mobile and Huntsville, radiologists earn salaries ranging from $80,000 to $98,000.
Job Type
Job type plays a key role in the average earnings of radiologists in Alabama. For example, breast imaging and pediatric radiologists in Alabama earn an average of $169,000 per year, according to Indeed. Interventional radiologists in Alabama also earn an average of $169,000 per year. Supervisory level and highly experienced radiologists earn very considerable wages. For example, a radiologist mammography imaging leads in Alabama can earn up to $278,000 per year, according to Indeed.
Industry
Radiologists are employed in a variety of industries. Most are employed in physicians offices. Several radiologists are employed in general medical and surgical hospitals as well as outpatient care centers. The industry where the radiologist is employed makes a significant difference in average earnings. For example, According to Indeed, private practice radiologists earn about $170,000 per year in Alabama. Hospital and outpatient based radiologists earn salaries ranging from $169,000 to $227,000 per year.
Related Occupations
A few occupations perform similar functions of radiologists but do not require a medical degree. Radiologic technologists and technicians work alongside radiologists and perform diagnostic imaging such as X-rays and mammography. Diagnostic medical sonographers, also known as ultrasound technologists, perform X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging as well but with the use of sonography and ultrasonography equipment. In Alabama, radiologic technologists and technicians earn average annual salaries of $44,730, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Medical sonographers in Alabama earn average salaries of $50,320.
Aflac, an insurance company known for its advertising featuring a quacking duck, was founded in 1950. Since then, the company has grown exponentially and is now one of the leading insurance agencies in the word, specifically offering "guaranteed-renewable insurance." Aflac associates, or agents, work independently as insurance sellers, with career success determined by their efficiency and perseverance. Added benefits to working for this company include stock options, travel opportunities and the ability to work as one's own boss. Becoming an Aflac associate takes time, but the benefits are well worth the process.
Instructions
1. Research the job description of an Aflac associate on Aflac's website. This will ensure you are aware of all aspects of the job before beginning the application process.
2. Fill out an application on Aflac's website. As with most jobs, applying at Aflac will take multiple steps. Filling out an application is merely the first measure for obtaining a career with Aflac.
3. Complete and submit the appropriate tax forms if Aflac approves you as an agent. Aflac will provide this information for you.
4. Complete Aflac's associate training program, which helps develop the leadership skills necessary for a career with Aflac. This entails comprehensive training that all new Aflac associates go through. During this training, you will learn about available products and services that you will be responsible for selling. You will work closely with experienced Aflac managers and associates to develop your skills.
Tags: Aflac associate, Aflac associates, Aflac website, Aflac will, career with
Radiology technicians, simply known as radiologists, are trained medical professionals. They work with patients receiving x-rays, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRIs) and Computer Topography (CT) scans. Because of their direct work with patients, as well as the need to master the equipment, becoming a radiologist requires both intelligence and social skills. An emergency radiologist works in the hospital's Emergency Room (ER) department. These radiologists take care of patients that require emergency radiology assistance for immediate diagnosis. A radiologist follows doctors' orders regarding patient scans.
Instructions
1. Graduate from high school with good grades to gain acceptance into a radiology program in college. Take the ACT and SAT standardized tests and get strong scores. Select and apply to colleges with a radiology bachelor's degree program.
2. Go to college. Most hospitals require four year degrees from an accredited college or university in radiology to gain employment there. Having good grades will pay off when seeking employment as will having a minor focus in hospital administration or management.
3. Complete a radiology training program. Radiologists get training from universities, hospitals and the military. Training to be a radiologist lasts anywhere from one to four years. It is hands on training for a radiologist, similar to an internship. Upon graduation from college, ask for assistance in placement into a training program. Advisors and counselors offer students assistance in placement and acceptance into a variety of training settings.
4. Apply for the job. Most ER radiologists work overnights and weekends, or they are on call during those times. Demand forecasts for radiologists in ER departments shows increased demand, so job security for radiologists in ER settings is reassuring.
Tags: acceptance into, assistance placement, good grades, program college, training program, with patients, work with
Low-income pregnant women may automatically qualify for Medicaid coverage.
Medicaid is a state and federally sponsored health insurance program to help low-income people pay for medical expenses. Medicaid coverage is available to certain groups such as children, pregnant women, elderly citizens and the disabled. To qualify for coverage, certain criteria must be met within these groups. To enroll in Medicaid, prospective recipients must apply through their state health or economic services department.
Financial Need
To qualify for Medicaid, you must display a financial need. Your income cannot exceed a certain percentage of the federal poverty level. Each state has different income requirement criteria. Furthermore, you cannot have assets that exceed a specific dollar amount. Assets include savings accounts, real property, rental property income, investments and retirement plans.
Individual states receive federal funding to provide financial assistance to low-income families with children, Supplemental Security Income (SSI) recipients and some Medicare recipients. If you qualify for federally assisted income maintenance payments or SSI, you automatically qualify for Medicaid coverage.
Categorical Groups
You can qualify for Medicaid if you belong to a "categorically needy" group. In other words, if you do not qualify for public assistance or SSI, you may still be eligible for Medicaid if you belong to a group that shares similar characteristics of the financially needy. For example, pregnant women and infant children whose income is below 185 percent of the federal poverty level may qualify for coverage. Elderly and disabled adults whose incomes are higher than mandatory requirements but lower than 185 percent of the federal poverty level may be eligible. Low-income women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer or cervical cancer and need medical care may also be eligible for Medicaid.
Medical Need
If your income is too high to meet standard eligibility criteria, some states offer a "medically needy" program. This program allows you to either pay a monthly premium for medical care or "buy down" medical care expenses to offset additional income. In states that offer medically needy Medicaid coverage, plans must include coverage for certain children under age 18 and pregnant women who would otherwise be eligible for Medicaid except for income requirements.
Considerations
Although Medicaid is funded in part by the federal government, each state can make up its own eligibility requirements to determine who may qualify for benefits. You must contact your state's department of health to determine the exact Medicaid eligibility requirements that govern your state.
Tags: Medicaid coverage, pregnant women, eligible Medicaid, federal poverty, federal poverty level
Use the ABCD technique if you see any new or growing dark spots.
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States, according to the American Cancer Society. By performing monthly self-exams, you can identify areas on your body that may be developing skin cancer. Skin cancer, or melanoma, is the abnormal development of cells, and it generally manifests as irregular moles or dark patches. Experts recognize two major types of skin cancers: basal cell carcinoma, the most common kind; and squamous cell carcinoma, the second most common form. Generally, skin cancer develops in areas of the body that receive repeated exposure to the sun. To successfully identify potential trouble spots, learn to recognize signs of skin cancer using the ABCD technique, reports the Skin Cancer Foundation. Early detection provides the best chances for a complete recovery.
"A" Is for "Asymmetry"
When you examine each mole on your body, look for asymmetry. "Draw" an imaginary line through the center of the mole to see if the sides match. Common moles are fairly symmetrical, but skin cancer spots generally have sides that don't appear the same. Not all asymmetrical moles lead to skin cancer, but examining them on a frequent basis is a good first step in identifying trouble areas.
"B" Is for "Border"
Inspect the borders of each mole or dark spot closely. Common moles have a clear, smooth border between the darkened mole and lighter skin. The borders of an early melanoma are often uneven, with an unclear distinction between healthy skin and the darkened area. The edges of the mole may look notched, uneven or feathered.
"C" Is for "Color"
The coloration of common moles differs when compared to a developing melanoma. Common moles appear in a range of color, from light tan to dark brown, but they are generally uniform; in other words, common moles are all one color. If you spot a mole with several different colors within it, it could be a sign of melanoma. Look for several different shades of brown, tan and black in a single darkened area. Sometimes, a melanoma may even include blue, red or white.
"D" Is for "Diameter"
Measure the diameter of moles or dark patches. Diameter is the total distance across the mole. While common moles can be large, most are smaller than 6 millimeters, or 1/4 inch. Look for early melanoma to grow fairly rapidly from a small patch to exceed 1/4 inch in diameter. A good rule of thumb is to compare the mole to a pencil eraser; if the mole is growing and eventually exceeds 1/4 inch, make an appointment to see your doctor for further evaluation.
Additional Determiners
In addition to watching your moles or any growths that begin to grow or change significantly in any way, also look for lesions that "change, itch, bleed," reports the Skin Cancer Foundation.
Tags: most common, skin cancer, ABCD technique, body that, Cancer Foundation, cell carcinoma
A radiology technician career is achievable for those age 55 and over.
The decision to enter or reenter the workforce after age 55 is a decision that takes some legwork and personal assessment to make. A career as a radiology technician is one achievable choice. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, radiology technicians in 2008 earned an average salary of $52,210.
Instructions
1. Talk to career counselors at local colleges or schools in your area and solicit their advice to determine if being a radiology technician is a career that interests you. Take a skill assessment test that analyzes your current skills and targeted career path; AARP offers one online called WorkSearch.
2. Apply for enrollment in a local college or online university that offers a program accredited by the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology. Contact a nearby school directly to apply for the program and follow the application process. Gather high school and college transcripts and other information on your past education and professional experience.
3. Meet with the enrollment and career counselors at the school once you are accepted. Design a plan for course work to fit your schedule. Talk with the school about receiving educational credits for life experiences and past work or educational history, if you have not received a college degree in the past. Develop a plan to complete all course work. To be a radiology technician, the minimum educational plan requires a two-year commitment.
4. Complete the accredited program and obtain your certificate or degree. Participate in all clinical training offered by the school. Keep a list of the places that utilize radiology technicians and start to create a resume that highlights your studies and training in radiology.
5. Take the exam offered by American Registry of Radiologic Technologists, or ARRT, and pass the exam. To find the closest testing center to where you live, ask your school's career counselor or search the ARRT website.
6. Apply for radiology technician positions. Talk to the company that hires you about continuing education opportunities and areas of specialization. Continue your career training and advancement by taking advanced classes and course work opportunities offered to you by your employer.
Tags: radiology technician, course work, career counselors, radiology technician career, radiology technicians, technician career
There are 25 two-year colleges in Minnesota and they are organized with seven state universities to form the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system. There are seven of those schools in the northern third of the state.
Hibbing Community College
Hibbing Community College in Hibbing, Minnesota, enrolls just over 2,000 students. Some of largest programs at HCC include electrical maintenance, industrial technology-mining, law enforcement, liberal arts and nursing. Programs unique to HCC are helicopter pilot training, industrial technology-mining and pharmacy technician. Student life includes athletics, fine arts, student government, on-campus housing and student organizations.
Hibbing Community College
1515 East 25th St.
Hibbing, MN 55746
218-262-7207
www.hcc.mnscu.edu
Itasca Community College
Itasca Community College is located in Grand Rapids, Minnesota, and enrolls approximately 1,460 students. The largest programs at ICC include education, engineering, liberal arts, natural resources, practical nursing, psychology and wildland firefighting. Itasca offers several unique programs such as American Indian studies, early childhood education, geography/GIS, power generation, and pulp and paper. Student life at ICC includes a high-tech Engineering Center, disc golf course, athletics, intramural sports, student government and other clubs. On-campus housing is available.
Itasca Community College
1851 East Highway 169
Grand Rapid, MN 55744
218-322-2300
www.itascacc.edu
Mesabi Range Community & Technical College
Mesabi Range Community & Technical College has campuses in Virginia and Eveleth, Minnesota, and enrolls a total of just over 2,000 students. Some of the largest programs offered at MRCTC are industrial mechanical technology, nursing and welding, while programs unique to the school include energy technology specialist-wind, graphic design and print communications, human services and masonry. Housing is available only on the Virginia campus as athletics, clubs and student government round out student life offerings.
Mesabi Range Community & Technical College
1001 West Chestnut Street
Virginia, MN 55792
218-741-3095
www.mr.mnscu.edu
Northland Community & Technical College
Northland Community & Technical College has two campuses located in East Grand Forks and Thief River Falls, Minnesota. NCTC offers over 100 associates, diploma and certificate programs to an enrollment of approximately 5,500 students. Some of the largest programs at NCTC are architectural technology, computer service and networking, construction electricity, sales and marketing. Programs unique to Northland include aviation maintenance technology, cardiovascular technology-invasive, farm operations and management, surgical technology and robotics technology. Student life includes athletics, fine arts, intramural sports and other organizations.
Northland Community & Technical College
2022 Central Avenue NE
East Grand Forks, MN 56721
218-793-2800
northlandcollege.edu
Northwest Technical College
Northwest Technical College is in Bemidji, Minnesota, with a student enrollment of about 2,100. The largest programs at NTC are construction electricity, dental assisting, nursing and residential plumbing while unique offerings include high-performance engine machinist and industrial model making. NTC is aligned with Bemidji State University as student life and housing is provided via BSU.
Northwest Technical College
905 Grant Avenue Southeast
Bemidji, MN 56601
218-333-6600
ntcmn.edu
Rainy River Community College
Rainy River Community College is located in International Falls, Minnesota, and with a small student body of just about 530 students. The largest programs at Rainy River are green and sustainable construction technology, industrial technology, nursing assistant/home health aide and practical nursing. RRCC has unique offerings with the green and sustainable construction technology, indigenous studies and industrial technology programs. Student life includes on-campus housing, athletics, clubs and student government.
Rainy River Community College
1501 Highway 71
International Falls, MN 56649
218-285-7722
rrcc.mnscu.edu
Vermilion Community College
Vermilion Community College is located in Ely, Minnesota, with an enrollment of just over 1,000 students. VCC's largest programs are forestry, natural resources technology and wildland/wildlife law enforcement. Programs unique to Vermilion include sports management, sustainable tourism, taxidermy and water quality science. VCC specializes in environmental programs like fisheries, wilderness management, outdoor leadership and land surveying.
Vermilion Community College
1900 E. Camp Street
Ely, MN 55731
218-235-2191
vcc.edu
Tags: Community College, Technical College, largest programs, Community Technical, Community Technical College
Ultrasound technologists, also called echo technicians or sonographers, capture images of a patient's organs by using high-frequency sound waves to create echoes, which are then translated into a picture called a sonogram. Ultrasound technologist education requirements usually include two years of coursework and clinical practice, resulting in an associate's degree.
General Requirements
Individuals interested in becoming an ultrasound technologist must learn a great deal about the human body, as well as the complex equipment used to create images from ultrasound.
Basic Coursework
Basic coursework includes medical terminology, physics, anatomy, physiology and pathology.
Patient Issues
The ultrasound student also learns about patient assessment, medical ethics and issues regarding patient confidentiality.
Technical Coursework
Education requirements also include the operation of ultrasound equipment, sonographic physics and instrumentation, and gray-scale and color-flow Doppler sonography.
Specialization
Some ultrasound technologist programs allow students to choose a specialization, such as obstetrics, cardiology or abdominal ultrasound.
Current Employees
A person already working in health care usually can complete a 1-year certificate program to begin working as an ultrasound technologist.
A general practitioner or GP is a medical provider who specializes in family medicine. The GP provides primary care by treating illness and practicing preventive medicine and health education for every age.
Primary Care
Many people use a GP as their primary care physician. The GP is often a patient's first point of contact with a medical issue. GPs provide comprehensive care to patients instead of a specializing in a particular area of focus.
Setting
General practitioners usually work in offices or clinics. They commonly have a staff of nurses and administrators assisting them. GPs are often part of large group practices. General practitioners are physicians who can do almost everything a patient needs.
Education
Those who want to become a general practitioner must complete an undergraduate program, a four year medical program and a one to two year residency program. After completing the residency program, the GP must pass a licensing exam
Board Certification
The American Academy of General Physicians (AAGP) is the only organization representing general practitioners. It is the only path for Board Certification in this area. The AAGP trains and educates physicians in a manner outlined through the American College of General Medicine
Continual Learning
The American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM) now requires participation in continual learning programs to reinforce their knowledge and expertise. The ABFM's program is called the Maintenance of Certification Program for Family Physicians (MC-FP). Practitioners must demonstrate proficiency in professionalism, self assessment, cognitive expertise and performance in practice.
Tags: Board Certification, general practitioner, General practitioners, primary care, residency program
As a conscientious dog owner, you worry when your dog doesn't feel well. Does he just have a stomach bug? Is he worn out from playing ball too long? Did he catch something from the other dogs at the dog park? He may just be winded or overheated, or he may be coming down with something. Here are five common dog ailments to be aware of.
Kennel Cough
Kennel cough is the most prevalent upper respiratory infection in dogs. It is especially common in puppies, and in adult dogs that are often around strange dogs, as in a boarding kennel. Bordatella is the most common bacterial cause of kennel cough, and most boarding kennels require vaccination prior to check-in. Symptoms exhibit in two to 14 days after exposure and include a dry cough with a honking sound and sometimes retching and a runny nose. Though most cases are mild and recovery can be as short as 10 days, your dog is still contagious for up to three months. If your dog is going to be in a dog show, or at a play park or boarding kennel, be sure to have her vaccinated at least one week beforehand to protect her and the other dogs involved against kennel cough.
Mange
Mange is a skin disease that occurs in three types---demodectic, cheyletiella and sarcoptic.
Demodectic mange is caused by microscopic mites that live on the skin of all dogs. Usually these mites have little to no effect on the dog, but sometimes if the dog's immune system is weak due to illness or stress, the mites propagate rapidly and cause hair loss and itchy, crusty, oozing skin irritations.
Cheyletiella mange causes a dusting of dandruff over the back, neck and head of an afflicted dog. This "walking dandruff," though short-lived, is highly contagious to other dogs.
Sarcoptic mange is what many parents know as scabies. If your dog has this type of mange, have him treated immediately. Scabies can easily spread to humans. Signs of sarcoptic mange in your dog include unbearable itching, crusty ear tips and loss of hair.
Distemper
The virus that causes distemper in dogs is very similar to the virus that causes measles in humans. Distemper is a highly contagious, often deadly disease that affects unvaccinated dogs of all ages, but especially puppies under six months old. It can affect every part of the dog's body and often leaves a dog with poor vision, damaged teeth and nervous system defects. Death rates from distemper can be as high as 75 percent. Symptoms include cough, fever, runny nose and eyes, vomiting, diarrhea and seizures because of nervous system involvement. Treatment primarily supports the body's natural healing efforts only, so vaccination and lifelong booster shots are essential.
Parvovirus
Parvovirus is the most prevalent and deadliest infection in the dog population. Though exposed adult dogs may only exhibit mild symptoms, puppies under the age of six months usually suffer extreme diarrhea, bloody stools, vomiting and fever. Parvo can cause death in as little as two days, so immediate medical treatment is essential. Parvo is transmitted through exposure to infected feces, but the virus can live up to five months on untreated surfaces, such as dog bowls, crate floors and bedding. Vaccinate your dog against parvovirus, and also keep your young puppy away from potential areas of infection to avoid this deadly disease.
Bloat
Bloat, or "twisted stomach," is a major cause of dog death, second only to cancer. A dog with bloat can die within an hour if not immediately cared for. Bloat occurs when a dog ingests too much air and his stomach swells and twists, cutting off the blood supply to other organs. Common symptoms of bloat are restlessness, excessive drinking, retching without producing any vomit, and abdominal swelling with or without pain.
Dog breed plays a major role in the risk factors for bloat. Large dogs are more susceptible than small dogs, and purebred dogs are more susceptible than mixed-breed dogs. Large dogs with deep, narrow chests are the most likely to experience bloat, with Great Danes at the top of the list. Dogs over the age of seven are at higher risk than younger dogs, and males are more susceptible than females.
Reduce the risk for your large-breed dog by feeding her at least twice a day in a quiet place by herself, and don't let her exercise soon after eating. Make water available at all times except immediately after feeding.
Tags: more susceptible, more susceptible than, other dogs, susceptible than, adult dogs, Ailments Dogs, boarding kennel
Two main concerns regarding breastfeeding with silicone breast implants are whether the nursing mother will be able to produce milk, or sufficient milk, and whether silicone will be present in the breastmilk. Secondarily, there is the question as to whether any silicone that may be present in breastmilk poses any health concerns to infants.
Types
Regarding a mother's ability to produce milk or breastfeed following breast augmentation, a key element is the type of incision that is used to put in the implant.
The most popular type of incision, the "smile" incision where the cut is made in a semi-circle in the region of the aureola, can cause nerve damage. This nerve damage can interfere with milk production.
Incisions made in the armpit or in the fold under the breast typically will not interfere with the nerves or impact breastfeeding.
Complications
Besides nerve damage interfering with breast milk production, scarring of the breast from any type of incision can impact nursing following breast implant surgery. Some women following breast augmentation have scarring that makes nursing uncomfortable or painful.
If breastfeeding is painful, speaking with a lactation consultant might be helpful in finding ways to ease the pain with different position or other therapies.
If milk production is an issue, again a lactation consultant can give nursing mothers tips on building up production. Also, if necessary a breastfeeding mother can supplement with formula.
Silicone Implants
In 2001 the American Academy of Pediatrics or AAP, issued a statement regarding silicone breast implants and breastfeeding. Their findings were that no sufficient evidence was found that made silicone implants a contraindication to breastfeeding.
However, concerns have been raised by organizations such as the National Center for Policy Research for Women & Families as to whether sufficient studies have been done to assure the safety of breastfed infants of mothers with silicone implants.
Very little research has been done on the topic, and the few published studies were very small. However, the general consensus is still that breastfeeding mothers continue to nurse their babies even if they have silicone implants because of the known benefits of breastfeeding versus the questionable concerns over silicone in milk.
Silicon and Silicone
One variable with testing for silicone levels is that silicon is the second most common element in the earth's crust and because of the widespread presence of it, testing for silicone in milk is problematic.
The AAP statement also mentions that silicone is higher in cow's milk and infant formula than in milk from mother's with silicone implants.
Considerations
If a pregnant woman has silicone implants and is concerned, she should speak with her physician about her desire to breastfeed and her worries. Also, she should see a lactation consultant about deal with any potential nursing problems in association with breast implants.
Tags: silicone implants, breast implants, following breast, lactation consultant, milk production, nerve damage
Sometimes you feel overwhelmed when you visit the doctor. You don't know what to say or you're too ill to think clearly. Follow these tips to describe your symptoms to a doctor and get the most out of your medical visit. Remember the doctor is there to help you.
Instructions
1. Make a list of symptoms before you go. Write down key words so you can give the doctor an accurate description of the problem.
2. Be descriptive and precise. Describe what hurts and where it hurts. Tell the doctor when the pain started. List the symptoms step by step if they happened in a particular order.
3. Tell the doctor your medical history. Something that happened in the past may be related to your current problem. Mention things like illnesses or operations. Not sure if it's relevant? Tell the doctor anyway.
4. Read about your symptoms if you think you know what is wrong. You may find a better way to describe your symptoms if you read about your condition.
5. Describe the events leading up to your illness or injury. Include a timeline and all events no matter how small. Each piece of information may provide a key to your problem.
6. Take a spouse or a friend if you are forgetful. Sometimes a second person can help you remember details you have forgotten. A second person may also notice symptoms you didn't realize.
7. Bring a translator if English is not your first language. If you are in a foreign country, find someone who speaks your language and ask them to accompany you.
Tags: Tell doctor, your symptoms, about your, Describe Symptoms, Describe Symptoms Doctor, describe your, describe your symptoms
Neutalize cell phone radiation by keeping your phoneaway from your body.
Cell phones have become an essential tool in modern life, but some people are concerned about the levels of radiation that they emit. Since you typically hold your cell phone close to your head, you may worry that the radiation somehow affects your brain. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) states that the levels and types of radiation that cell phones emit are not harmful to humans. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) offers a way to reduce the radiation if you are concerned.
Instructions
1. Purchase a hands-free device that is compatible with your phone. Choose a headset with a corded connection, not a wireless one, which also emits low levels of radiation. This should include earphones and a microphone to allow you to talk on the phone without putting it next to your ear.
2. Plug the hands-free device into your phone.
3. Place the phone on a table when you are talking. The goal is to get the phone as far away from you as possible. If you are holding it or have it attached to your hip, you are getting radiation in those places.
Sometimes breast cancer cells spread from their primary site, become active later and form a secondary breast cancer, also called metastatic breast cancer, somewhere in the body. Treatment for these cancers varies from patient to patient and is determined by a doctor based on to where or how the secondary cancer spread.
Factors to Determine Treatment
A physician considers several factors before deciding treat secondary breast cancer. The part of the body to which the cancer spread is important in the treatment decision, and reviewing prior treatments and knowing what already has worked well is helpful. The patient's general health and whether the breast cancer survivor is pre- or post-menopausal are factored in. The cancer itself also is taken into account because it is important to know whether the cancer cells are growing rapidly or slowly, according to Cancer Research UK.
Hormone Therapy
When the cancer cells are studied, they are checked for estrogen receptors. Cells with many estrogen receptors are classified as ER positive. Cells that have many progesterone receptors are classified as PGR positive. Because these cancers react to changes in hormone levels, they tend to respond well to hormone therapy, which is used to prevent the growth of cancer cells. Some of these treatments are used primarily to block hormones, while others are used to increase hormone levels, depending on how the cancer cells respond, according to WebMD.
Cancers that are ER or PGR negative do not tend to respond to hormone therapy.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is the use of cancer-fighting drugs that are distributed throughout the body either orally or intravenously. Often it is used as the treatment of choice for cancer that has spread to the lungs or liver. Chemotherapy may be used instead of hormone therapy when cancer cells are hormone receptor negative, but this treatment includes more side effects than hormone therapy.
Among chemotherapy's side effects are nausea and vomiting, hair loss, mouth sores, higher than normal risk of infection, bruising, bleeding and fatigue, according to WebMD.
Radiation
Radiotherapy can target cancer in a specific part of the body, making it preferable for cancer that is contained in one area. According to Cancer Research UK, often radiation is useful in the treatment of secondary breast cancer when it occurs in the bones, brain or on the skin near the breast area. Side effects are typically limited to the area being treated and may include redness, swelling or blistering of the skin, fatigue, local hair loss, swallowing problems and cough or shortness of breath, according to the American Cancer Society.
Tags: cancer cells, breast cancer, hormone therapy, secondary breast cancer, according WebMD, Cancer Research, cancer spread
Before you submit to drug testing, know your employee rights.
Workplace safety is important to both employers and staff members, and drug or alcohol use on company time can jeopardize everyone's safety. Mandatory drug testing can sometimes prevent drug-related accidents from occurring; it also help to avoid any lawsuits against the company. Though it varies by state, most employee rights on mandatory drug testing are applied across the country.
Pre-Employment Drug Screening
Unfortunately, you have fewer rights regarding drug testing before entering a company than the actual employees. When applying to a position, you have the right to know prior to hiring that mandatory drug testing is required. By law, your interviewer may not ask you to submit to a drug test before extending an offer to you first. You may be required to pass a drug test as a hiring condition, and the offer may be withdrawn should you fail or refuse the test. Until you have been offered a position within the company, asking you to submit a drug test is prohibited. According to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), you also have the right to disclose any information regarding medications that have been prescribed to you by a doctor in efforts to legitimize any applicable drug use.
Right To Fairness
If you are the only employee among a staff who is asked to submit to a drug test, you may have the right to refuse based on discrimination. By law, employers are prohibited from drug testing staff members based on looks, race, ethnicity, gender, age or personal characteristics. If drug testing is part of the company policy, all workers must be asked to submit to testing, not just a select few. There are few exceptions to this regulation that require adequate grounds for requesting individualized drugs tests. These exceptions may include restricting drug testing to only personnel who operate dangerous equipment and machinery, or staff members who have been found directly responsible for work related damages or injuries due to negligence.
Rights To Privacy
Whether you submit to a pre-employment drug screening or are a current employee asked to take a drug test, you have the right to do so in private, particularly in the case where a urine sample is required. If the employer or administrator of the test suspects that you may tamper with the specimen, however, the corporation reserves the right to station a member of the same sex in the room with you while you provide your sample. If you produce positive test results, your rights to privacy also require that your employer--or potential employer--keep your information confidential.
Covert Testing Laws
Though urine testing is the most common way to test for drug use in the workplace, some states also allow blood and hair follicle testing. These methods can indicate whether you have used drugs within the past 90 days as opposed to the five day limited accuracy of urine tests. No matter what method of testing your employee administers, you must have full knowledge and have given written consent to be legally drug tested. An employer may not, under any circumstances, conduct any covert methods of drug testing you behind your back. For example, pulling a stray hair from the back of your sweater for drug testing without your knowledge is strictly prohibited in any state.
Tags: drug testing, drug test, have right, submit drug, drug testing, have been, staff members
An ultrasound technologist, also referred to as a diagnostic medical sonographer, is trained to perform diagnostic procedures with medical imaging equipment. There are different areas that a technologist can specialize in, such as abdominal, breast, and gynecologic and obstetric sonography. Nevada has several schools that offer training to be a diagnostic medical sonographer.
The American Institute of Medical Sonography
The American Institute of Medical Sonography in Las Vegas offers two specialty sonography programs, one focusing on cardiovascular technology and the other on echocardiography. Both programs take 62 weeks to complete and cover 992 course hours in a classroom as well as a laboratory setting. The cardiovascular technology course covers areas such as venous, arterial and cerebrovascular diseases. The echocardiography program covers areas such as pathology, interventional procedures and cardiac Doppler.
The American Institute of Medical Sonography
5040 Edna Avenue
Las Vegas, NV 89146-6805
702-369-4216
aimseducationmanagement.com
The College of Southern Nevada
The College of Southern Nevada has three locations in and around Las Vegas, and offers an Associate of Applied Science degree for general diagnostic medical sonography. The program takes six semesters to complete for a total of 93 credits, and includes both classroom and laboratory instruction as well as clinical training. The program is accredited with the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs. This program is considered limited-entry, and students must attend an orientation on health programs as well as obtain additional counseling by meeting with an advisor for health programs .
The College of Southern Nevada
6375 W. Charleston Boulevard
Las Vegas, NV 89146
702-651-5000
csn.edu
The College of Southern Nevada
3200 East Cheyenne Avenue
North Las Vegas, NV 89030
702-651-4000
csn.edu
The College of Southern Nevada
700 College Drive
Henderson, NV 89002
702-651-3000
csn.edu
The College of Southern Nevada
The College of Southern Nevada also offers an Associate of Applied Science degree for cardiac diagnostic medical sonography; this program also lasts six semesters for 92 credits which include classroom and laboratory instruction in addition to training in a clinical environment. This program is also accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs and is a limited-entry program where students must seek additional counseling through a health programs advisor as well as attend an orientation on health programs.
The College of Southern Nevada
6375 W. Charleston Boulevard
Las Vegas, NV 89146
702-651-5000
csn.edu
The College of Southern Nevada
3200 East Cheyenne Avenue
North Las Vegas, NV 89030
702-651-4000
csn.edu
The College of Southern Nevada
700 College Drive
Henderson, NV 89002
702-651-3000
csn.edu
Tags: College Southern, College Southern Nevada, Southern Nevada, diagnostic medical, health programs, Nevada College
The demand for x-ray technologists in the United States should increase by approximately 17 percent from 2008 through 2018, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Caused by an increased demand for medical imaging tests, this growth will create around 37,000 new jobs for X-ray technologists who have the proper training.
Requirements
Since they perform tests that use radioactive energy that could cause the potential for injury to patients if done improperly, X-ray technologists must have a state-issued license to work in the field. Each state has its own specific licensing requirements for X-ray technologists, but postsecondary education is generally necessary. Generally, states require applicants to complete training from a program accredited by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists.
Diplomas and Certificates
The shorter training programs for radiologic technologists are postsecondary certificate and diploma courses of study. These programs usually last for 21 to 24 months, explains the BLS. Approximately 34 percent of radiologic technologists have a certificate or diploma as their highest level of education, according to the Occupational Information Network. Hospitals, private vocational and technical schools and public community colleges offer such programs. Diploma and certificate programs include training related directly to radiologic technology and patient care. They typically include a brief clinical component to provide hands-on training.
Associate Degrees
Associate degree programs are an additional type of possible education for X-ray technologists. These courses of study generally require 24 months of full-time study to complete. Around 46 percent of all X-ray technologists hold an associate degree, reports the Occupational Information Network, making the degree the most common postsecondary education obtained by professionals in the field. Community and junior colleges typically offer X-ray technology programs. These public institutions typically offer financial aid and offer tuition discounts for students in their service areas. Like certificate and diploma programs, associate degrees in X-ray technology usually include a clinical component. In addition to classroom work related directly to radiologic technology, students must also complete general education requirements, typically in English, natural science, mathematics and social sciences like psychology or sociology.
Bachelor's Degrees
A third option for postsecondary education in X-ray technology is a bachelor's degree. These courses of study typically involve four years of full-time study to complete. About 10 percent of X-ray technologists have bachelor's degrees, according to the Occupational Information Network. As of 2009, more than 55 private and public colleges and universities offered baccalaureate degrees in radiologic technology, explains the "2009 Barron's Profiles of American Colleges." These schools participate in financial aid programs, and in the case of public colleges, offer discounted tuition for in-state students. Clinical training in baccalaureate programs typically lasts longer than what is required for shorter programs. In addition to general education requirements, baccalaureate X-ray technician programs may require students to take classes in a related area or minor field in order to graduate.
Tags: X-ray technologists, certificate diploma, courses study, Information Network, Occupational Information, Occupational Information Network
The word "diagnosis," when applied to medicine, means to guess what kind of disease a patient has. Diagnosis roughly means "best guess," and your best guess depends on your patient's symptoms. Symptoms are the subjective feelings only your patient can feel. Because there are hundreds of different symptoms for the hundreds of diseases out there, finding a diagnosis isn't always an easy task.
Instructions
1. Learn human physiology. Physiology is the macroscopic and microscopic study of how the organs and cells in your body function. Studying human physiology will help you get acquainted with the normal functions of the body. It will help you differentiate a normal body from a diseased one.
2. Learn about clinical human anatomy, the study and dissection of the human body. You will look at the types of organs in the body during their normal stages. Memorizing the healthy organs will enable you to study a diseased body and make comparisons that can lead to a diagnosis.
3. Learn clinical laboratory science. Laboratory science deals with the investigation of disease through analytical microscopic techniques. You will learn analyze blood and other bodily fluids. This important subject will help you diagnose quickly and accurately differentiate many symptoms with the use of a microscope.
4. Learn perform a physical exam. The physical exam is the process of observing and noting any abnormalities of the human body. The physical exam will show you how different symptoms manifest, according to the disease your patient has.
5. Become a physician. The only way to effectively and legally diagnose from the symptoms a patient can present is to become a licensed physician. After learning the above-mentioned subjects, you can apply your knowledge to properly diagnose from symptoms.
Tags: physical exam, will help, your patient, best guess, body will
Becoming an X-ray technician can be done a few ways. Around the country, training programs range from basic certifications that last about nine months to university degrees up to four years long. While all graduates will be able to perform the basic duties of a technician, more involved training will also address other forms of diagnosis and prepare graduates for advancement and specialization.
Types
The training of an X-ray technician involves two major fields: interaction with patients and the operation of equipment. When it comes to patient communication, technicians are expected to learn prepare schedules, follow doctor's guidelines, maintain patient records and protect patients from radiation. Equipment training includes the handling of different equipment, including machines used to perform fluoroscopies, CT scanners and MRI tests.
Features
The easiest way to train as an X-ray technician is to enroll in a hands-on training program, which leads to a certification. Graduates are qualified to operate X-ray machines, as well as having knowledge of radiobiology, medical ethics and physiology. Many training programs allow you to learn not only X-ray techniques but also qualify you to perform some routine laboratory tests, including electrocardiograms and electrocardiography.
Potential
Those who are looking for advancement opportunities and want to eventually move into management positions would do better with an associate or bachelor's degree in radiology. Aside from the basic techniques learned in the training programs, college courses usually explore other, more sophisticated use of equipment, including angiography and CT scans. College degrees also provide more opportunities for clinical training, often in large hospitals and specialized units.
Considerations
Aside from actually taking the X-rays, students are also taught develop them, which in some schools earns them a second certification as a Darkroom Technician. Students also learn about radiation protection, medical terminology, pathology and anatomy and physiology.
Expert Insight
Graduates can choose to take a certification offered by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT). While certification is voluntary, more employers are now requiring it as a basis for hiring new graduates, as the certification requires continuing education courses and ensures that professionals are up to date in new techniques and advancements in the field.
Tags: training programs, Aside from, equipment including, from basic, Technician Training, X-ray technician
Polymyositis is a muscle disease that causes chronic muscle inflammation and weakness. Because this condition can mimic other muscle and autoimmune diseases, doctors normally request a variety of diagnostic tests before making a diagnosis. These include blood work, X-ray, MRI, and sometimes a muscle biopsy to confirm a diagnosis. Although polymyositis can become a severe and debilitating problem, there are ways to manage the disease.
Instructions
1. Take prescription steroids. Because polymyositis causes widespread muscle inflammation, it’s vital to reduce inflammation and re-gain muscle strength. After making a diagnosis, doctors usually prescribe a high dose of steroids. Steroids reduce inflammation and stop muscle damage.
2. Exercise at least 30 minutes a day. Muscle weakness and overall fatigue are key symptoms of polymyositis. However, sufferers can combat this problem with regular exercise. Brisk walking, jogging and aerobic exercising can strengthen weak muscles and boost energy levels.
3. Learn take frequent breaks throughout the day. Although physical activity is important, people with polymyositis also deal with periods of extreme fatigue. They have to listen to their bodies and know their personal limitations. If necessary, take a quick power nap during the day and re-charge the mind.
4. Eat in moderation. If taking a high dose of steroids, people with polymyositis are more likely to gain excess weight due to water retention, slower metabolism and increased appetite. Eat a low-sodium diet to control fluid retention. Eating a high-protein diet while weight training can increase metabolism. A low-fat, low-sugar diet can help sufferers maintain a healthy weight.
5. Complete periodic lab work. There isn’t a cure for polymyositis. However, the disease can go into remission, in which sufferers are symptom-free for years. Still, relapses are common, and people with polymyositis ought to have annual lab work to check their muscle enzymes.
6. Join a support group. There are different degrees of polymyositis. One person may deal with little weakness and inflammation, whereas another person is unable to climb stairs or rise from bed. Support groups are available, and these provide useful information for patients and family members.
Tags: people with, people with polymyositis, deal with, dose steroids, high dose
The basal ganglia are deep structures of the brain that guide several key body functions, including the initiation and control of everyday movements. Injuries to the basal ganglia have a number of common effects.
The Facts
The basal ganglia consist of three paired structures in the brain: the caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus, notes the University of Idaho. The putamen and caudate nucleus belong to a larger structure called the corpus striatum, while the globus pallidus and the putamen are sometimes referred to collectively as the lenticular nucleus.
Causes
The U.S. National Library of Medicine cites potential causes of basal ganglia injury that include infection, head trauma, tumors, strokes, drug overdose, multiple sclerosis, liver disease and medication side effects.
Brain Disorders
Certain brain disorders may also trigger or involve basal ganglia injury, notes the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Examples include Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Wilson's disease, dystonia and progressive supranuclear palsy.
Effects
In addition to movement and posture problems, basal ganglia injuries may cause problems with speech control, as well as thought processes including memory, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Considerations
The U.S. National Library of Medicine notes that some basal ganglia injuries produce reversible damage, while others may necessitate permanent ongoing treatment.
Tags: basal ganglia, Library Medicine, National Library, National Library Medicine, basal ganglia injuries, caudate nucleus, ganglia injuries
Charity event coordination can be a rewarding career because it gives a chance to help others.
To be a charity event coordinator, it takes an individual who is highly organized, has the ability to multitask, works well under pressure and can handle a crisis with a cool steady hand. Charity events require a lot of planning, coordination with volunteers, vendors, businesses, and other personnel in order to setup and execute a successful function. The ultimate goal of a charity event coordinator is to organize a function that is a positive experience for all attendees and makes the attendees feel good about the organization, organizers and charity.
Donations
During economic hardship, charity work and charity planning can be extremely difficult. The public may be distressed because of lost investments and may limit the number of donations that they give to charities. A charity event coordinator must be able to work connections on a local level in order to obtain donations from local businesses, including restaurants, liquor stores, local shops and corporations.
Pitch
A charity event coordinator must possess the ability to brand and sale the organization or the charity in which they work for. In order to obtain donations, money or products a charity event coordinator must be able to pitch in detail why helping the charity is good exposure. Through the charity event, a local business could market itself by offering coupons discounting products or services--for example, 10 percent off the next purchase or meal.
Logistics
Logistics is critical. Every possible detail must be considered: layout and design of the venue, lighting, sound, communications, technical concerns, security, parking, restroom facilities, catering and bar services and promotions. In order to host a successful event, cost of the event must be taken into consideration in advanced in order to meet a balanced budget.
Background
There are no qualifications required to become a charity event coordinator. Most individuals who seek a career in charity event planning have a bachelor’s degree in hospitality, business administration or marketing. A working knowledge of bookkeeping and budgeting is helpful. The ability to communicate and work with others is a must as well as tactful ability to delegate and lead others.
Benefits
The benefits of being a charity event coordinator are meeting people, networking and traveling. Charity event coordinators may find great reward by assisting those in need by assisting the charity in raising money, donations, and awareness about a cause or organization that truly helps people.
Considerations
The job requires hard work and long hours. Event planners work anywhere from 50 to 60 hours a week, which includes weekdays, weeknights and weekends. The day of the event, the event planner tends to work a 10- to 15-hour day. More than 200 hours can be put into a large charity event or venue.
Salary
Event planners earn between $20,000 to 70,000 annually. According to Salary.com, the median annual salary range for a meeting/event coordinator in the United States is $54.060 as of 2010. Working as an event coordinator for a charitable organization may be on a volunteer basis. Consider working for a charity for free. Volunteering may be a great opportunity to learn the business of event planning and all the duties that are required to be a successful charitable event coordinator.
Medical transcriptionists spend their days working at a computer, creating written documents out of oral physician notes and other dictated medical material. Transcriptionists must be conscientious and detail oriented, since the documents become part of a patient's permanent medical record, and accuracy is essential. The need for medical transcriptionists is expected to grow over the next decade, as the U.S. population ages and the demand for medical services increases as a result.
Working Environment
Medical transcriptionists work in many different office settings, including hospitals, laboratories and clinics. Others telecommute or run their own transcription business from home. Whatever the setting, medical transcriptionists spend most of their work time at a keyboard. Therefore, having an ergonomically correct setup is essential in preventing repetitive stress injuries. Although many medical transcriptionists work a standard 40-hour week, others work part-time or on evenings or weekends. Although the environment is comfortable, transcriptionists may feel pressured by demands to be both productive and accurate.
Transcription
Generally, medical transcriptionists use headsets to listen to recorded notes, then key their written text into various software programs, pausing the recording as needed to catch up on the transcription. Whether producing reports about autopsies, surgeries, physical exams, hospital discharges or other medical events, transcriptionists need to be fluent in medical terminology. When they have questions, they turn to medical reference books and websites. Transcriptionists return completed work to the physician or other professional who dictated the notes, for correction or approval.
Edits and Formatting
Transcription is more than just translating spoken text into written text. As they listen and type, medical transcriptionists must edit notes lightly for grammar and spell out abbreviations and acronyms. Good transcriptionists will occasionally catch errors or inconsistencies in the dictation and correct them. Transcriptionists must format the notes according to the guidelines of the report, letter or other document they are creating.
Education and Training
There are programs, some accredited and some unaccredited, where aspiring medical transcriptionists receive education and training leading to an associate's degree or certificate. The Association for Healthcare Document Integrity awards two voluntary levels of certification: registered medical transcriptionist (RMT) and a higher level, certified medical transcriptionist (CMT). Not all employers require these degrees and certifications, however.
Salary and Job Outlook
In May 2006 medical transcriptionists had a median hourly wage of $14.40. Those who worked in medical and diagnostic laboratories tended to earn the highest hourly wages, while those who worked in physician offices tended to earn the lowest hourly wages. Growth in the field is expected to be 14 percent--higher than average growth for all industries--between 2006 and 2016.
Tags: medical transcriptionists, hourly wages, medical transcriptionist, medical transcriptionists, tended earn, text into
A radiation therapy technologist works closely with oncologists and radiologists. The therapist administers the cancer treatment to patients by exposing areas of their bodies to ionizing radiation. The therapist also maintains the radiation therapy equipment and the patient’s records. Surprisingly, becoming a radiation technologist doesn’t take very long.
Instructions
1. Start preparing when you’re still in high school. Professionals recommend taking all the advanced courses in math, science and English.
2. Train to become a radiation therapy technologist by choosing a one-year program at a hospital. However, to qualify, you must have graduated from a radiologic technology program. Another way to qualify is if you’re a nurse with educational training in radiation physics.
3. Choose the two-year program if you have your high school diploma or GED. You can train at a community college. Medical Training directory.com is an online site that you can use to help you locate a community school.
4. Look for a program that offers training in radiation oncology, oncologic pathology, radiobiology, as well as radiation physics and radiation protection. Other important areas are radiographic imaging, practicum and clinical dosimetry.
5. Complete the program successfully and qualify for Certification, which is optional. A certification can help your career development and will qualify you to compete for the best positions.
6. Apply for positions at local hospitals and cancer centers. If you live in a small town, you may want to consider relocating to a bigger city to increase your possibilities of obtaining a position. Find out if the institution you’re considering for employment offers incentive sign-up bonuses or helps with relocation expenses.
Tags: radiation therapy, high school, radiation physics, training radiation
The salary range of neurologists has multiple factors. Some of the factors include the age of the physician, number of years in practice and city and state where the neurologist practices. Does he have other college degrees? Does he sub-specialize? With multiple variables, the salary can vary from each situation.
Years in Practice
The first year, a neurologist has the potential to make $125,000 per year. Whereas a neurologist who has been in practice for 20 years can make more than $190,000 per year.
Salary by Employer
If a neurologist works for a hospital, the average salary is $153,000 or more per year. If she is in a solo practice, the salary can average $173,000 or more per year, and if the neurologist is in a group practice, the salary can be more than $177,000 per year.
Salary by City
A neurologist practicing in New York City averages a salary of $127,000 or more per year. Whereas a neurologist practicing in Charlotte, North Carolina, averages $173,000 or more per year.
Salary by State
A neurologist in California is expected to make more than $167,000 per year. In Illinois, a neurologist is expected to make $143,000 or greater.
Salary by Employer Size
The smaller employer pays a neurologist more than $176,000 per year. A large employer with 20,000 employees or more will pay a neurologist $133,000 or more.
Teaching Facility
A neurologist teaching in a medical school is expected to make more than $145,000 per year.
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