Measure Fat Tissue In Breasts

Large breasted women aren't necessarily overweight.

According to "Science Daily" as of July 2010, there is no acceptable gold standard to measure breast density. Breast density has a direct correlation to the weight of a breast, both adipose, or fat, tissue and glandular tissue. That hasn't stopped thousands of women from taking the problem and finding a suitable method to weigh their breasts. A woman's cup size is a good indicator of fat-tissue in the breast. Besides glandular tissue, fat is what comprises a woman's breast. Weighing a breast is a significant way to access the percentage of fat tissue.

Instructions

1. Remove clothing from the waist up and slip into a robe. Set the kitchen scale on top of a tall counter, bar or shelf that is past waist height. Use a piece of plastic and cover the kitchen scale. Set the kitchen scale to zero. Test the scale for accuracy by placing the 5 lb. weight and viewing the results. Place a stand up mirror so the numbers on the digital scale will be easily seen when weighing the breast. Use the left side of the counter for the mirror, if weighing the right breast.

2. Remove the robe and place the breast on the scale up to the seam where the breast and chest meet under the breast. Weighing the full breast will give the most accurate result. Bend the knees to stay level with the scale as not to press any additional weight onto the scale. Look into the mirror and locate the digital number. Remove the breast from the scale and write down the number on the piece of paper. Repeat this process a total of three times. Add all three numbers, then divide by three to get the mean average.

3. An alternative way to measure the weight of the breast is by immersing the breast into a bowl of water. To do this, first weigh a baking tray with tall sides on the kitchen scale and write down the results. Put the baking tray on the counter and fill a large bowl with warm water to the top. Place the bowl in the middle of the tray and sink the breast completely, while allowing the water to overflow into the tray. When the tray is weighed with the water, write down the number. Now subtract the weight of the tray from the second number to get the weight of the breast. A liter is equal to 1 kg. If the breast has displaced this much water --1 liter, you are approximately a C cup size.

Tags: kitchen scale, weight breast, write down, baking tray, breast Weighing, down number, glandular tissue

List Of Careers In Medicine

List of Careers in Medicine

As the demand for skilled professionals increases, more jobs become available in both traditional medical disciplines and in specialized branches where the growth factor is the greatest. Career opportunities in medicine ranges from family care physicians and specialists...to a broadening number of assisting jobs in nursing and positions in medical research, administration, pharmaceutical, and the dentistry fields.

Function

Physicians who diagnose, treat and supervise the care of patients occupy the top level of hands-on medical workers. These doctors rely upon the support of skilled nurses who are filling medical roles once reserved only for doctors. Advanced nursing specialties include nurse anesthetist, nurse midwife, medical research nurse, nurse practitioner and occupational safety nurse. Other supporting positions include physician's assistant, physical therapist, radiology technician, and laboratory technician.

Specialties

Medical divisions offer patients specialized care. Trauma professionals render emergency treatment in traditional hospitals or trauma centers. If trauma medicine intrigues you, careers options include being an emergency medical technician, emergency room nurse, trauma counselor, surgery doctor, surgery nurse, or admission personnel. If you prefer spending time with infants, the obstetrics unit employs registered nurses, licensed practical nurses and nursing assistants...as well as nurse midwives in select facilities.

Requirements

A licensed practical nurse may study for as little as one year, while a nurse anesthetist must receive a master's degree in anesthesia. A certified nurse assistant may work in the medical field after a few months of training. Physicians who specialize often spend an additional three years studying after they become a doctor, which commonly requires ten or more years of study and supervised practice. Therapists need a bachelor's degree, while therapy aides may begin working after completing a certification course.

Industry Changes

Since 1980, advancement in the medical fields of mental health, dentistry, psychiatry, dentistry, physical therapy, medical research, environmental health, and chiropractic medicine has opened new avenues for medical workers. Dental assistants, hygienists and dental lab technologists play a supporting role for dentists, while physical therapists, occupational therapists and recreational therapists offer rehabilitative services for patients recovering from injuries.

Speculation

Based upon population trends and the current number of students enrolled in medical careers, the fastest growing demand for workers in the health care industry include cardiovascular technologists, occupational therapists, radiation therapists, surgical technologists, registered nurses, respiratory therapists, massage therapists, paramedics, diagnostic sonographers, and medical equipment repair persons. Another sector of growing demand is in the area of geriatric care, attributed to the baby boomers entering their retirement years.

Theories

The demand for medical support professionals with specialized degrees is growing as the high cost of health care forces doctors, hospitals and clinics to offer more responsibility to skilled professionals who receive a lower salary. The medical research field is a popular choice with teams of medical scientists busy developing treatments and medical equipment. Home health care workers--including nurses, aides and trained companions--work with private companies to provide care to homebound patients.

Tags: medical research, health care, Careers Medicine, growing demand, licensed practical

Why Do Feet & Ankles Swell

If you experience swollen feet and ankles, you are among the many people who suffer from this common ailment. Even if your feet and ankles just swell during the workday, swollen feet can be uncomfortable and even painful. There are so many reasons your feet and ankles swell, but there are some more common reasons, such as too much sodium or kidney troubles.

Swollen Feet and Ankles

Your feet and ankles are in prime position to experience all sorts of injuries and conditions, including swelling. You can tell that they are swollen if you notice fluid retention in your feet and ankle tissue. If you press down on the tissue with your fingers, you will leave an impression as the fluid temporary displaces. Swollen feet and ankles can be a symptom of an underlying condition, such as kidney disease, diabetes or infection.

Sodium Retention

Diet is a major factor in your health. If you consume too much sodium, it can show up in your feet and ankles as swelling. Your body uses electrolytes like sodium to convey electrical impulse through your body. It needs the correct balance of electrolytes to do this. When there is too much sodium in your body, you become thirsty so that you will increase your water intake to balance it all out. The water enters your bloodstream, and through the process of osmosis, works its way to the areas of your body where there is more sodium. This is often your face and extremities. As the water rushes to these areas, you will experience swelling in your face and hands as well as your feet and ankles.

Diabetes

Another factor that can make your feet and ankles swell is diabetes. Your pancreas secretes a hormone called insulin, and every cell in your body uses that insulin to absorb glucose for energy. If you have diabetes, this means that your body either does not make enough insulin or does not respond to the insulin it does make. One of the many complications associated with diabetes is arterial damage. Damaged arteries do not circulate blood efficiently, leading to swollen feet, ankles and other extremities.

Kidney Damage

Kidney damage, a serious condition wherein your kidneys lose functioning abilities, is another reason your feet may swell. Your kidneys' main function is to remove waste, excess water and other impurities from you blood's circulation. Damaged kidneys either do not work at all or do not work very well. Excess water can build up in your blood and, again through the process of osmosis, begin to travel to other areas of your body. It often ends up in your hands and face, as well as your feet and ankles.

Cellulitis

Cellulitis is the bacterial infection of skin and other tissues beneath the skin by staphylococcus bacteria. It is more serious than other types of skin infections because it affects the deeper layers of skin tissues. Although cellulitis can occur in just about any area of the body, it most often shows up in the legs. It usually starts as a red, inflamed area and is characterized by swelling and fever. Many times, your feet and ankles are also affected by cellulitis infection and experience heavy swelling. If you have swollen feet and ankles as well as fever and warmth at the area, you may in fact have cellulitis.

Tags: feet ankles, your feet, your feet ankles, your body, much sodium, your feet, ankles swell

Radiology Tech Programs In Alabama

Radiologic technicians perform medical diagnostic imaging procedures.

Radiology technologists and technicians are responsible for providing physicians with images that are made from medical diagnostic equipment. These images help the physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. Radiologic technology programs are available in the state of Alabama and provide students with the training and education that prepares them for the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists examination.

University of South Alabama

The University of South Alabama has two program options within radiologic technology: a certificate in radiologic technology or a bachelor’s degree in radiologic sciences. Students can complete the certificate option in 24 months, while those who chose to pursue the bachelor’s degree option will complete the program in four years. Students in the degree program have the option of enrolling in the advanced imaging track in which enrollment is limited. Courses in this program include principles of radiographic exposure, patient care and ethics pertinent to radiology, radiographic contrast media, radiography of the osseous system, radiation biology and ultrasound anatomy and scanning techniques.

University of South Alabama

307 University Blvd. N.

Mobile, AL 36688

251-460-6101

southalabama.edu

Wallace Community College

Wallace Community College’s radiologic technology program leads to an associate’s degree upon completion. Students complete the program over the course of five terms and are required to take general education core courses that include anatomy and physiology, English composition, general psychology, intermediate algebra, and fundamentals of oral communication. Two courses are required for orientation and include orientation to college and WorkKeys assessment and advisement. Other required field-related courses include introduction to radiography, radiographic procedures, imaging equipment, patient care, exposure principles, radiation protection and biology, and image evaluation and pathology.

Wallace Community College

1141 Wallace Drive

Dothan, AL 36303

334-983-3521

wallace.edu

Jefferson State Community College

Jefferson State Community College has a radiologic technology program that was the first of its kind in a two-year college in the state of Alabama. Upon completion of the curriculum and clinical requirements within this program, students earn their Associate in Applied Science degree. Clinical rotations typically take place from 7 a.m. to 3 p.m. Students complete the entire program in five terms and are eligible to take the examination to become a certified radiologic technologist. Courses in this five-term program include introduction to radiography, radiographic procedures, imaging equipment, patient care, image evaluation and pathology, exposure principles, and radiation protection and biology.

Jefferson State Community College

2601 Carson Road

Birmingham, AL 35215

205-853-1200

jeffersonstate.edu

Tags: Community College, Jefferson State, Jefferson State Community, patient care, South Alabama, State Community, State Community College

Introduction To Nonimaging Optics

Non-imaging optics is an approach to collecting, concentrating and transporting light. As the name suggest, a non-imaging optic does not produce an image of the light source, but rather concentrates light at high density.

Comparison

The difference between non-imaging and imaging optics is that non-imaging optics have a focal zone, or target, rather than a single focal point and an acceptance angle. All light falling within the acceptance angle is transmitted to the target.

Solar Radiation

One application of non-imaging collectors is to increase the power density of solar radiation. A non-imaging concentrator can concentrate low-density solar radiation with the need to track the sun across the sky.

History

The history of non-imaging optics can be traced back to the 1960s, when it was discovered that it was possible to build an optical system capable of collecting an amount of light close to the theoretical maximum. There were three periods of rapid development in the field in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, driven by the desire to create wide-angle solar collectors.

Tags: acceptance angle, non-imaging optics

Diagnose A Plugged Milk Duct

Diagnose a Plugged Milk Duct

Breastfeeding (nursing) your baby can be a comfortable and relaxing experience, though some problems can be expected, especially during the first weeks of breastfeeding. Although most problems can be treated at home, proper diagnosis is important so professional help can be sought if required.

Instructions

Symptoms and Causes

1. Check the symptoms. More than likely, if you have a plugged milk duct the symptoms will find you so they're not hard to look for. Usually the breast will feel very sore, have a tender spot, or a lump that is extra sore. Redness of the skin often accompanies the lump or tender spot.

2. Review the history. Plugged milk ducts can be caused any number of ways. Some include incorrect positioning of the baby while feeding, extended amounts of time between nursings, giving supplementary bottles, overusing a pacifier, or wearing a nursing bra or other clothing that is too tight and inhibits milk flow.

3. If an older baby suddenly starts sleeping through the night, or nurses often one day and cuts way back the next day, a plugged milk duct may occur. Periodically a plugged duct may also be caused by dried milk secretions covering one of the nipple openings. If any of the aforementioned situations apply to you and your baby, a plugged milk duct is likely.

Treat the Problem

4. Apply heat (wet or dry).

5. Get plenty of rest. Spend the day in bed if at all possible.

6. Nurse and nurse again. The more frequent the nursings on the affected side, the more empty the breast so milk will flow more freely.

7. Also, wear looser clothing and bra (or ditch the bra for a day or two). Check the baby's position while nursing or try nursing in a different position.

8. The sooner you take precautions toward treatment, the better your chances of preventing mastitis (or a breast infection).

Tags: milk duct, Diagnose Plugged, Diagnose Plugged Milk, Milk Duct, tender spot

Diagnose Adenoma

Diagnose Adenoma

An adenoma is a tumor of epithelial tissue. It is usually benign but can become malignant if left untreated. Adenomas are categorized into three types according to histology: tubular (80 to 85 percent), tubulovillous (10 to 15 percent) and villous (5 percent.) Villous adenomas may grow in the colon and cause great concern because they tend grow larger and tend to become cancerous. The following steps will show diagnose adenoma.

Instructions

1. Perform a colonoscopy. This is the most accurate method of detecting polyps and remains the procedure of choice. A colonoscopy has an accuracy of 85 percent on small polyps, although this is operator-dependent. The primary disadvantages are greater cost and risk of complications.

2. Use a barium enema with double-contrast for improved sensitivity. This procedure has an accuracy of 53 percent on small polyps with most false-positives due to improper cleaning of the bowel and most false-negatives caused by diverticulosis or redundant bowel.

3. Perform an endoscopy to diagnose polyps in addition to intervening therapeutically. An endoscope can be used on an outpatient basis but requires a clear liquid diet one to two days before the procedure.

4. Use an upper GI series with a small bowel follow-through to detect adenomas in the small bowel beyond the reach of an endoscope.

5. Employ genetic studies of stool samples for ease of use and noninvasiveness but usually only detects advanced tumors. The DNA from colon cancer is shed at a greater rate than normal tissue.

Tags: accuracy percent, accuracy percent small, percent small, percent small polyps, small bowel, small polyps

Do Longexposure Light Photography

Long exposures blur moving light sources into bright streaks.

Photographers do their best to avoid motion blur in most shots, but in light photography, this often undesirable quality can become a work of art. Long exposures of moving lights create glowing trails that lend a surreal quality to shots of common objects, such as freeways, amusement park rides, fireworks and stars. You can also use this technique to create words and pictures in the air using flames and flashlights.

Instructions

1. Arrive at your location just before sunset or after dark. Light photography is best performed when ambient light levels are low.

2. Put your camera on a tripod. As a rule of thumb, you cannot hand hold your camera at shutter speeds that are slower than the inverse of the ISO without introducing camera shake. When using the long exposures needed for light photography, your picture will be nearly unrecognizable without a tripod.

3. Attach a remote shutter release if your camera has an output jack that supports it. A remote release allows you to activate your shutter without introducing camera shake by touching the button on the camera body. Check the manual that came with your camera if you are not sure whether your model supports remote releases.

4. Set your ISO to 400 or less to minimize noise, which makes your image look grainy.

5. Turn your mode dial to "Manual" or "Bulb" mode. Manual is the most commonly available setting and allows you to select a custom shutter speed and aperture. Sometimes the Bulb mode is integrated into this setting, but it may also be its own mode, which allows you to hold the shutter button as long as you want the shutter to stay open.

6. Estimate the amount of time it will take for the light to travel across the frame and make this time your shutter speed.

7. Set your aperture at f/8 or above. Choose a wider aperture for a brighter picture and a smaller one for a dim look.

8. Examine your histogram, which charts your light values. If the histogram is mostly on the left side of the chart, your exposure is probably correct. If a significant portion of it is concentrated on the right side, your shot will be overexposed. Choose a smaller aperture setting.

9. Shoot RAW, if available. If your camera does not support this file format, shoot the format that introduces the least amount of compression, such as TIFF or a high-quality JPEG.

10. Manually focus the camera on your subject. At low light levels, many cameras will have difficulty autofocusing, which may ruin the picture.

11. Shoot the picture by pressing the shutter button in Manual mode or by pressing and holding the button in Bulb mode. When using the latter setting, place a dark cloth over the shutter when you first open it, then remove it to begin the exposure after the camera shake caused by the motion of the shutter and mirror has dissipated.

12. Examine the picture's overall illumination as well as the length and style of the light streaks. Light photography is not an exact science, so you may need to experiment several times before you find the settings that will allow you to shoot the picture you want. Open up or stop down the aperture to make the overall picture lighter or darker. Decrease the shutter speed to include more and longer light streaks or increase the speed to shorten them.

Tags: your camera, Bulb mode, camera shake, shutter speed, introducing camera, introducing camera shake

Technical Skills Needed For An Xray Technician

Basic training to be an X-ray technician involves learning operate X-ray and other diagnostic imaging equipment. Along with knowing use X-ray machines, radiology technicians must develop the ability to assess the quality of X-ray films. An X-ray technician works independently and is skilled in the application of general radiologic techniques. Technicians perform X-ray examinations, which aid doctors in the diagnosis of disease.

Education

Prior to enrolling in a radiology technician program, students should have completed some coursework in algebra, physics, biology and chemistry. Training programs for X-ray technicians are offered at teaching hospitals, colleges, universities and vocational-technical schools (see Resources below). Depending on whether an individual is entering a certificate program or working toward earning an associate's or bachelor's degree in radiologic technology, it can take from one to four years to complete a training program. Coursework includes basic human anatomy and physiology, medical terminology, introductory physics and learning the principles of radiologic technology, fluoroscopy and diagnostic imaging. Admission into a training program requires a minimum of a high school diploma or passing a high school equivalency test. Students receive both classroom and clinical instruction.

Qualifications

X-ray technicians must follow the oral and written instructions of doctors and other members of a health care team. Operating X-ray equipment requires both manual dexterity and mechanical ability. Technicians are required to maintain X-ray equipment and make minor repairs. They are responsible for inspecting equipment and notifying repair workers of problems with the equipment. X-ray technicians also must have the ability to keep their arm and hand steady.

Physical Requirements

The job of an X-ray technician requires some physical stamina as technicians are primarily on their feet throughout the workday. Technicians must load and unload heavy film cassettes before developing the X-ray films. The technician must position patients on the examining table in such a way as to get the best view of the area of the body being X-rayed. Often a technician may have to assist in moving or lifting a patient.

Technical Skills

X-ray technicians must possess a thorough understanding of analog and digital imaging because much of the imaging equipment requires a high level of technical expertise to operate. The technician must know adjust the controls on X-ray machines to the proper density and contrast before X-raying a particular part of the human body. He must also set the exposure factors of time and distance. Once the technician takes the X-ray, he removes the film from the machine to develop it. Because technicians work in an environment where they are exposed to harmful chemicals and radioactive materials, they are frequently required to wear lead gloves and aprons while operating the X-ray equipment. An X-ray technician must be aware of the radiation hazards, and therefore, follow proper safety standards for disposing of contaminated materials. Technicians are also responsible for providing shielding techniques to minimize a patient's exposure to radiation.

Certification

X-ray technicians who complete an accredited program and pass an exam are eligible for certification. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) certifies technicians in various areas of radiologic technology. Examinations are given on the computer at a test center. Most test questions are presented in a standard multiple-choice format. In some cases, AART exams are administered for state licensing purposes. Licensed technicians must complete 24 hours of continuing education every two years to be recertified.

Career Advancement

With experience and more specialized training, an X-ray technician can perform angiography, mammography, CT (computerized tomography) scanning and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). Other opportunities for advancement include becoming a clinical or academic instructor, program director or clinic coordinator.

Tags: X-ray technician, X-ray technicians, radiologic technology, technician must, X-ray equipment, diagnostic imaging

What Makes Larimar Valuable

Volcanoes form larimar.

Larimar is a semi-precious stone native to the Dominican Republic. So far, the only larimar discovered has been from southwest region of the country, in Barahona Province. Larimar is a form of pectolite, a volcanic stone.

Rare

Larimar is valuable because it is rare. Pectolites are found elsewhere, but larimar is only mined in the Dominican Republic.

Beautiful

Most people consider larimar beautiful, closely resembling turquoise. Sometimes called blue pectolite, it is often compared to the colors of the ocean.

Healing

Folklore associated with it suggest healing properties. Chakra enthusiasts believe larimar stimulates various regions of the body and mind to promote wisdom and peace, and that larimar reduces anxiety.

Atlantis Artifact

Another bit of folklore is that larimar is the stone of lost Atlantis. This belief was reinforced by the popular psychic Edgar Cayce, who believed Haiti and the Dominican Republic (sharing the island of Hispaniola) is a fragment of the sunken mythological city.

Difficulty of Extraction

The price of larimar is further increased by the difficulty of mining it from vertical pits that are full of water almost half the year. The Dominican Republic is in the middle of the Atlantic hurricane damage path, and the pits fill almost every year.

Grading

Deeper blues and stones with interesting veins and high luminosity are the most prized. It is generally mounted in silver, which adds to the price of finished larimar.

Tags: Dominican Republic, that larimar

Specialized Types Of Doctors

Although there are doctors or physicians who work as general practitioners diagnosing and treating a wide range of medical conditions, some doctors pursue a specialized branch of medicine. These specialized doctors are usually differentiated based on the type of medical condition they treat, the type of medical procedure they perform or the type of patient they treat.

Anesthesiologists

Anesthesiologists are doctors who specialize in anesthesia. During surgeries, they administer the anesthesia, oversee the maintenance of the anesthesia, as well as the patient's vital functions. They also provide their services to other types of patients such as women in labor or people in intensive care units.

Internists

Internists are involved with diagnosis and non-surgical treatment of problems concerning patients' organ systems. There are several types of internists, such as gastroenterologists, who specialize in the digestive system, and nephrologists, who specialize in the kidneys. In broader terms, internists deal with diagnosis, treatment and prevention of adult diseases.

Pediatricians

Pediatricians focus on providing health care to younger patients, specifically those between infancy and early adulthood. Pediatricians are responsible for monitoring patients' health into adulthood, usually up to the age of 21. Some pediatricians choose to become pediatric surgeons, while others concentrate on certain ailments.

Obstetricians and Gynecologists

Obstetricians and gynecologists are usually grouped together as OB/GYNs because they both specialize in female health care. However, each have their specific roles. Obstetricians are specialized surgeons, trained to oversee the well being of women during pregnancy. Gynecologists focus on the health of the female reproductive system, which consists of the uterus, vagina and ovaries. Thus the duties of OB/GYNs overlap, and many gynecologists also happen to be obstetricians.

Psychiatrists

Unlike the aforementioned specialized doctors who focus more on the body of the patient, psychiatrists focus on the mind of the patient. Relying on various methods such as psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, medication, interviewing and counseling, psychiatrists assess and treat mental illnesses.

Tags: health care, specialized doctors, they treat, type medical, with diagnosis

Get Cheap Medications For Diabetes

Many diabetics can reduce the cost of their medication.

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 23 million Americans have diabetes. Uncontrolled diabetes can cause serious complications, such as heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, blindness and nervous system disease. Diabetes is an expensive disease. The CDC reported that direct and indirect costs of diabetes totaled $174 billion in the U.S. in 2007. The American Diabetes Association says the monthly treatment cost for an uninsured diabetic is $350 to $900. Consequently, many people are looking for ways to save money on prescription diabetes medication.

Instructions

Talk to Your Doctor

1. Ask her exactly what diabetes medications you should be taking. Find out why she is prescribing those particular drugs and ask if any alternatives are available.

2. Ask for an older drug. According to Consumer Reports, older diabetes drugs are just as effective as newer ones. They also are more affordable. Newer name-brand diabetes drugs can cost several times more than older drugs. Generic versions of older drugs typically cost $10 to $60 per month.

3. Ask your doctor for free samples of the medication. Pharmaceutical sales representatives frequently give doctors samples of the drugs they are selling.

4. Request a prescription for the largest tablet strength suitable to your dosage. A 500-mg tablet usually costs much less than two 250-mg tablets. Use a pill splitter to cut the pill to the proper dose. Check with the pharmacist before splitting an extended-release pill because some will not work correctly if they are cut.

5. Ask your doctor if a combination drug is available. Taking a combination drug usually is less expensive than taking multiple drugs, and it lowers the risk of adverse effects.

Lowering Costs

6. Call several pharmacies to find the best price for your diabetes drugs. Costs for the same drug can vary from store to store. Some pharmacies offer diabetes programs with free or reduced-price drugs. For example, Publix offers free Metformin to members of the Publix Pharmacy Diabetes Management System.

7. Check your eligibility for government-run programs such as Medicare Part D, Medicaid, TriCare, VA health programs or a state-sponsored plan. NeedyMeds provides information about various state-sponsored programs.

8. Contact a patient-assistance program. Often run by pharmaceutical companies, these programs provide free or reduced-cost prescriptions to uninsured, and sometimes underinsured, people. The Partnership for Prescription Assistance maintains a list of more than 475 private and public programs. Each program has its own eligibility requirements, and the income limits vary widely.

Tags: diabetes drugs, more than, combination drug, older drugs, your doctor

Breast Augmentation Post Surgery Pain

Breast augmentation is a surgical procedure

Breast augmentation is one of the most commonly performed cosmetic surgical procedures in North America, typically conducted on an outpatient basis at a hospital or clinic. Accomplished by the insertion of a gel implant or through a "breast lift," the decision to undergo such an operation requires consideration, research and consultation with a physician.

Surgery

Breast enlargement, also called augmentation mammoplasty, is a surgical procedure undertaken by a woman to alter the size, position or shape of her breasts. The operation bears risk and the likelihood of moderate to severe pain after the surgery. It generally is conducted under general anesthesia or intravenous sedation, and requires one to two hours of surgical time, with the patient typically returning home the same day for recovery. Swelling around the incision area often lasts up to six weeks.

Medication

Painful bruises (a normal part of the healing process) may appear three to four days after surgery and remain visible and tender for two to three weeks. The management of post surgery pain centers on prescription medication. "Pain is controlled with prescription medications for the first days to week," says Dr. Bryce J Cowan, a reconstructive and cosmetic plastic surgeon in Vancouver, BC. "Most patients require only over-the-counter medications or are comfortable without pain medication within days of the procedure."

Post-Surgery

Minimization of post-surgery discomfort is also addressed in other manners--prescription narcotics occasionally encourage constipation, so stool softeners may be required. A contouring garment or bra is often suggested by a physician in the early recovery period. It is generally suggested that a patient take approximately a one-week leave from work, arrange for assistance with childcare if necessary, and refrain from physical activity that requires lifting or reaching for objects overhead.

Numbing Medicine

Some physicians offer specialized, pain management systems. "During your operation, I will insert very thin, tiny tubes into your area of surgery. These tubes are attached to a clear plastic bulb filled with numbing medicine," writes San Francisco plastic surgeon Dr. Roy Kim. "The bulb then 'pumps' numbing medicine into your area of surgery for the next several days." Dr. Kim suggests that this technique allows patients to better control their pain, take fewer medications orally, and recover in a shorter period of time.

Risks and Precautions

Breast augmentation is a surgical procedure that bears risk. According to the Mayo Clinic, these could include problems related to anesthesia, bleeding, infection (including possible removal of the implant to treat the infection), an increase or decrease in nipple sensation, or differences in the shape of the two breasts. Dr. Cowan says that although pain perception varies among individuals, "post-operative pain is often underestimated, especially following sub-muscular implantation. Scars around the area will require at least 12 to 18 months to fully heal and should be protected from direct sunlight to avoid the likelihood of a darkening in color."

Tags: surgical procedure, after surgery, area surgery, augmentation surgical, augmentation surgical procedure

Serenoa Side Effects

Serenoa, scientifically known as serenoa repens, is commonly referred to as saw palmetto. The berry of the saw palmetto plant is commonly used by individuals seeking natural alternatives for prostate gland enlargement problems and urinary difficulties.

Pancreatitis or Hepatitis

In rare instances, the use of saw palmetto may induce or contribute to the development of pancreatitis or hepatitis. The exact cause is unknown and there have only been a handful of cases where this has happened after prolonged use of the supplement.

According to doctors from St. Agnes Healthcare in Maryland, one such patient used saw palmetto intermittently over a period of four years. Two other patients had similar episodes after continuously starting and stopping their use of the supplement.

Rash

If you are allergic to plant-based products you should use caution when using saw palmetto. Because it comes from a plant, if you have an allergic reaction you may develop a rash or skin irritation. Any reaction of this sort should be immediately reported to your physician.

Yellowing

While most of these side effects are rare, many can be very serious. If you notice that your eyes or skin are becoming yellow you should stop the use of saw palmetto and notify your physician of your symptoms immediately. This may be a sign that the serenoa supplement is having a negative impact on the function of your liver.

Urination Difficulties

You may find that after taking serenoa you are having trouble passing urine or are experiencing pain while doing so. You may also find that your urine is turning dark yellow or brown. These may be signs that the saw palmetto supplement you are taking is having a negative impact on your kidneys and/or liver. These symptoms should also be immediately reported to your physician.

Other Serious Side Effects

There are several other serious side effects of serenoa that should be immediately reported to your health-care provider. Call your doctor if you have abdominal pain, fevers, chills, pain in your side or lower back, severe nausea or vomiting. These symptoms may all point towards a negative reaction to the saw palmetto supplement and should be monitored to ensure you do not develop an infection or kidney and liver damage.

Additional Common Side Effects

Occasionally individuals taking serenoa report experiencing breast tenderness, breast enlargement, headaches, heartburn and mild nausea. Your body may be adjusting to the supplement and these symptoms may go away on their own but if they become bothersome you should report them to your physician immediately.

Tags: your physician, immediately reported, immediately reported your, reported your, find that, having negative, having negative impact

Get Rid Of Large Pores On Your Face

Minimize the appearance of facial pores.

In order to minimize the appearance of facial pores, it might be helpful to understand the reason pores enlarge to begin with. During adolescence, pores enlarge to handle the increased output of oil that passes through them in order to moisturize and protect surface skin. Unfortunately for some, the size remains the same until much later in life. While there is no real way to actually reduce pore size, there are several steps you can take to minimize the appearance of enlarged facial pores.

Instructions

1. Minimize sun exposure. Staying in the sun can actually exaggerate large pores over time. Use sunblock and keep in the shade when possible.

2. Exfoliate your face with a facial-exfoliating cleanser. Excess surface oil can collect around pores, causing them to appear large and clogged. It is important to go easy on your skin when starting a new facial routine, as many products will dry it out and promote breakouts if used too often.

3. Apply concealer to further minimize the appearance of large facial pores. This can be extremely effective; however, it is important to remember to wash your face thoroughly each evening to cleanse and unclog pores.

Tags: facial pores, appearance facial, appearance facial pores, minimize appearance, pores enlarge

About Xray Technicians

X-ray technicians are trained medical professionals that work in hospitals, medical centers and other institutions operating x-ray machinery to take internal pictures of the human body. This article will go over what an x-ray technician does, the educational requirements for becoming an x-ray technician, job prospects for the field, and the long-term effects of being exposed to radiation on a daily basis in this occupation.

Identification

X-ray technicians, also known as radiologic technologists or radiographers, take x-ray films of the body to help doctors diagnose diseases, illnesses and injuries and conditions that can only be diagnosed by seeing the body internally. They are trained to manipulate x-ray equipment, and educated in human anatomy, physiology and pathology. Some x-ray technicians choose to specialize in CT scans (computed tomography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) or mammography.

Function

An x-ray technician's primary job is to take x-ray films while keeping the patient safe and as comfortable as possible. This includes proper positioning of the patient to take the appropriate pictures, as well as positioning the equipment at the correct angles and using the necessary protective shields against radiation. Once the films have been taken, the x-ray technician is then responsible for checking that the film was taken properly and then developing it. In addition to taking x-rays, technicians must also keep records, communicate with doctors and maintain the equipment.

Time Frame

Programs in radiologic technology range from one to four years and are offered in hospitals, colleges/universities and vocational schools. Students may obtain a certificate or an associate or bachelor's degree, depending on the level and length of training they pursue. Upon graduation from a radiologic technology program, certification is available through the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT), and many states use these exams for state licensing. Once certified, radiologists must maintain at least 24 hours of continuing education every two years.

Potential

Job outlook for x-ray technicians is favorable, and employment is expected to grow faster than average. As the population grows and becomes older, the demand for medical services such as imaging will continue to rise and job opportunities will increase. New jobs will also appear in places other than hospitals, such as physician's offices and imaging centers, due to these facilities growing and offering more outpatient services. Technologists willing to specialize in CT, MRI or mammography and those that are willing to relocate will have increased and more favorable employment opportunities.

Effects

There is a risk associated with being an x-ray technician, due to the exposure to radiation on a daily basis; however, this risk has been minimized with the use of lead aprons, gloves and instruments that measure radiation levels. The x-ray technician wears a badge that measures the amount of radiation they have been exposed to and detailed records are kept in order to avoid overexposure. There is a certain cumulative lifetime dose that should not be exceeded, and by keeping a close eye on daily levels, overexposure is not a great concern.

Tags: x-ray technician, daily basis, favorable employment, have been, radiation daily, radiation daily basis

Take Your First Shower After A Tummy Tuck

A tummy tuck is a cosmetic surgery which involves removing excess fat and skin from the abdominal region. As a tummy tuck is a major surgery, it involves an intense recovery process. Generally, you will not be able to stand up straight for one week following your surgery and full recovery takes about six weeks. As you recover, you must be careful performing basic daily functions such as bathing. It's important to take care as you take your first shower after a tummy tuck.

Instructions

1. Know that you cannot shower for up to one week following tummy tuck surgery. Your stomach area cannot be exposed to water during this time period. You can wash the rest of your body with a washcloth or sponge during this time.

2. Follow your surgeon's aftercare instructions explicitly. Most surgeons allow their patients to shower three days to one week after getting a tummy tuck. If your surgeon advises you to wait longer, follow his advice. He knows your particular situation and has advised you accordingly.

3. Remove the surgical garment prior to showering. After your tummy tuck, a tight surgical garment is applied to your abdominal region. This garment should not be removed at all for three days to one week following surgery. Before you take your first shower, remove the garment.

4. Be careful as you enter the shower. Grasp onto a railing and move slowly into the shower area. Any sudden movements could result in falling which could rip your stitches. Take your time. If possible, have a friend or family member assist you as you get in and out of the shower.

5. Do not scrub your stomach region. Your skin will be incredibly sensitive and you may experience some pain as the water touches you.

6. Avoid using any scented soaps or body washes on the area. Your surgeon may provide you with a gentle anti-bacterial cleanser to use on the area.

7. Pat your stomach area dry after the shower. Do not rub the area. Instead, absorb excess water by patting it with a soft towel.

8. Replace your surgical garment. You will need to wear this garment around your abdominal area for six weeks. Only remove it to shower.

Tags: tummy tuck, surgical garment, week following, abdominal region, days week, during this

Xray Technician Programs In Michigan

X-ray technicians are trained to take radiographic images of the body.

X-ray technicians or radiologic technologists operate radiologic equipment to produce images of organs, bones and tissues in the body. X-ray technicians work in hospitals, imaging centers and physician's offices. Along with operating the radiologic equipment, technicians are responsible for record-keeping, appointment scheduling, human resource duties and general office management. For Michigan residents who are interested in becoming an X-ray technician, there are several schools that offer the program, leading to either a certificate or an associate's degree.

Lake Michigan College

The Radiologic Technology program at Lake Michigan College is a 23-month program designed to train students in the field of radiography. Students will experience a combination of classroom coursework and clinical training. Upon completion of the program graduates will have demonstrated expertise in radiography, critical thinking and a thorough understanding of professional values. Graduates will be awarded an Associate of Applied Science in Radiologic Technology and will be eligible to take the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists certification exam. Upon passing the examination, a graduate is considered a Registered Technologist. Financial aid is available to those who qualify, and job placement assistance is offered to all graduates of the program.

Lake Michigan College

2755 E. Napier Avenue

Benton Harbor, MI 49022

269-927-3571

269-927-8100, ext. 5093

lakemichigancollege.edu

Henry Ford Community College

The radiographer program is a full-time, 24-month program. Upon graduation, graduates will be clinically competent and employable in an entry-level X-ray technician position. Coursework is a combination of classroom education, practice labs and clinical training. Financial aid is available, and job placement assistance is offered.

Henry Ford Community College

5101 Evergreen Rd

Dearborn, MI 48128

800-585-4322

my.hfcc.edu

Jackson Community College

Graduates of the Radiography program will be competent entry-level radiographers with a demonstrated ability to think critically and utilize problem-solving skills. Students will experience classroom instruction, lab experience and clinical practice. The program is 24 months in length, and successful candidates will receive an Associate's Degree in Allied Health. Financial aid is available for those who demonstrate need, and job placement assistance is offered.

Jackson Community College

2111 Emmons Rd.

Jackson, MI 49201

517-787-0800

jccmi.edu

Tags: Community College, assistance offered, Financial available, Lake Michigan, Lake Michigan College

Make Homemade Beauty And The Beast Costumes For Kids

A red rose is an ideal prop for a Beast costume.

The classic children's fairytale "Beauty and the Beast" has been loved by generations of children, and the characters of "Beauty and the Beast" are a frequent source of inspiration for fairytale themed costumes. Gather together items from your closet, or search thrift stores for suitable items to adapt, and add in a few simple props. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Beauty

1. Pin or sew swathes of yellow satin fabric to the yellow formal dress, draping it around the body to form an overskirt.

2. Cut off the tops of the sleeves or push them down off the shoulders, and pin a drape of satin around the shoulders. Glue yellow ribbons tied in bows to decorate the dress using fabric glue.

3. Make the dress stand out and look fuller with the long white petticoat. You can make a petticoat by tying long strips of white tulle in slip knots on to an elastic waistband.

4. Pull the long white or yellow gloves up beyond the elbow. Hold a gold hand mirror to gaze into longingly.

5. Tie long hair back away from the face, or cover short hair with a long, brown wig. Secure the tiara in place with bobby pins or tie a bow of yellow ribbon at the back.

Beast

6. Glue gold braid along the edges of the jacket of the formal suit with fabric glue. Leave it open to show the white shirt and vest. Make a cape from a rectangle of blue fabric as an alternative to the formal jacket. Edge it with gold braid. Fasten it at the neck with stick-on fabric fastener tabs.

7. Arrange a white scarf or long rectangle of white fabric around the neck as a cravat. Pin it in place with safety pins.

8. Cover ordinary hair with the shaggy brown wig. Make a wig by gluing fake brown fur to a hooded top and placing it under the costume, with only the hood showing. Spray stick-on horns with black spray paint and stick them to the top of the mask.

9. Glue brown fur to the back of the brown gloves for beastly hands. Wrap and pin fake brown fur over the shoes and make a fur tail from a piece of fabric folded to shape and then glued in position.

10. Carry a fake red rose.

Tags: Beauty Beast, fabric glue, fake brown, gold braid, hair with, long white, place with

Ultrasound Technologist Schools In Louisiana

In Louisiana, diagnostic medical sonography programs are found at universities, community colleges and technical institutes.

Ultrasound technicians are professionally recognized as diagnostic medical sonographers. Sonographers use ultrasound equipment to generate images from within the body to assist physicians in diagnosing and treating patients. In Louisiana, diagnostic medical sonography programs are found at universities, community colleges and technical institutes. According to Indeed.com, the average yearly salary for ultrasound technicians in Louisiana is $52,000.

Louisiana State University, Eunice

Louisiana State University at Eunice (LSUE), a satellite campus of Louisiana State University (whose main campus is in Baton Rouge, Louisiana), is located in Eunice, Louisiana. LSUE offers an accredited certificate program in diagnostic medical sonography. This is a 62-credit program that takes one year to complete, not including any pre-requisites that may be needed. Some of the admission requirements include having a current CPR certification, all necessary immunizations and the completion of 23 credits of pre-requisite courses in subjects such as anatomy and physiology, medical terminology and sonography. Some of the core classes in the program include instrumentation, applied sonography, obstetrics and GYN, superficial structures and registry review. Upon completion of the program, graduates will be able to sit for the American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography (ARDMS) certification exam to become licensed.

Louisiana State University, Eunice

2048 Johnson Hwy

Eunice, LA 70535

337-457-7311

lsue.edu

Delgado Community College

Delgado Community College is a public community college with multiple campus locations in the largest city in Louisiana, New Orleans. The Diagnostic Medical Sonography (DMS) program at Delgado is a fully-accredited certificate program. Graduates of this program will qualify to take the American Registry of Diagnostic Medical Sonography examination in Obstetrics-Gynecology, Abdomen and Ultrasound Physics. Curriculum includes ultrasound patient care, directed reading, physics and instrumentation, abdominal ultrasound and OB/GYN ultrasound. It takes 16 months of full-time study to complete this program. To be admitted, students must be a graduate of a two-year accredited allied health occupation program or have at least 60 credit hours of post-secondary education and complete the pre-requisite courses.

Delgado Community College

615 City Park Avenue

New Orleans, Louisiana 70124

(504) 671-5000

dcc.edu

Unitech Training Academy

Unitech Training Academy (UTA) is a technical/trade school with multiple campus locations in Louisiana. Campus locations include Lake Charles, Lafayette, Alexandria, Houma and West Monroe. Unitech Training Academy is licensed by the Louisiana State Board of Regents and is accredited by the Council on Occupational Education. UTA offers a certificate program in diagnostic medical sonography at the Lafayette campus location. According to the school's website, students in this program will receive hands-on training in the field of ultrasound. Graduates will qualify to sit for state certification exams and will be ready to enter the work force as an entry-level ultrasound technician.

Unitech Training Academy, Lafayette Campus

3605 Ambassador Caffery Pkwy.

Lafayette LA 70503

337-988-6764

unitechtrainingacademy.com

Tags: Louisiana State, diagnostic medical, Louisiana State University, State University, Training Academy, Unitech Training

The History Of Digital Art

Digital art is an art created on the computer in digital form. The medium of computer art was developed during 1960s and opened new possibilities for abstract and figurative art.

Computer

Computer art operates by means of electronic programs that divide the surface of the cathode-ray tube (CRT) of the computer monitor into a grid of tiny boxes called "picture elements" (pixels), which can be individually addressed electronically to create a design.

David Em

One of the best artists working in electronic painting mode is David Em. He uses the term "computer imaging" to create an imaginary landscape. Em has created scenes of alien worlds using advanced computer-graphic equipment.

Sonia Landy Sheridan

Sonia Landy Sheridan is one of the most inventive artists. She combined in a single computer-graphic work images made by an electronic camera and those drawn by hand.

Margaret Benyon

Margaret Benyon is one of the most interesting artists experimenting with holographed portraits. Working with high-tech labs with scientist partners, Benyon has investigated many of the parameters of the relationship between perceptions of physical and holographic.

Computer Graphics and Holography

Computer graphics and holography use light for the making of images, and, like photography, both media can incorporate specifically recorded camera images. But these media differ in that only computer graphics allows the artist to work with new forms.

Tags: Landy Sheridan, Margaret Benyon, Sonia Landy, Sonia Landy Sheridan

Radiologic Technology Programs Near Goshen Indiana

Radiologic technology involves x-ray and other diagnostic imaging tests.

Radiologic technology, also known as radiography, involves using radiation in medical diagnosis. Radiologic technologists will use x-ray, MRI, ultrasound, CT and nuclear medicine to get images of the inside of a body and its structures to determine medical conditions. Working in radiologic technology requires knowledge of technology, pathology and patient care. It requires training which can take two to four years. There are several radiologic technology programs in Indiana a short distance from the town of Goshen.

Indiana University South Bend

Indiana University South Bend is 31 miles from Goshen and offers an associate degree in radiography. Students who complete the program will be able to perform any medical radiographic procedure needed for diagnosis. Coursework for the degree includes orientation to radiographic technology, introduction to clinical radiography and medical terminology. These courses give students a basic knowledge and understanding of the field they are entering. Other courses for the program include venipuncture, pharmacology, radiation experiments and quality control, and radiobiology and protection in diagnostic radiology. Students may also complete a senior seminar in which they conduct research in medical imaging. Under the direction of professional technicians, students will complete clinical experience where they will get hands-on experience in radiologic technology.

Indiana University South Bend

1700 Mishawaka Avenue

South Bend, IN 46634

574-520-5570

iusb.edu/~radahlt

Fort Wayne School of Radiography

Fort Wayne School of Radiography is 60 miles from Goshen in Fort Wayne. The school, in affiliation with Indiana University-Purdue University, offers an Associate of Science degree in radiography. Graduates are prepared for entry-level jobs in radiologic technology. Students will study a combination of prerequisite and professional courses. General studies and prerequisites to be completed before entering the radiography program include algebra, trigonometry and human anatomy and physiology. The core degree program takes 24 months to complete and includes classroom and clinical education. Curriculum includes principles of radiography, medical terminology, radiographic procedures, radiation biology and protection, pathology and physics applied to radiology. Clinical practice takes place in the radiology departments of area hospitals.

Fort Wayne School of Radiography

700 Broadway

Fort Wayne, IN 46802

219-425-3990

ipfw.edu/hhs/radiography/default.shtml

Indiana University-Purdue University

2101 E Coliseum Blvd

Fort Wayne, IN 46805

866-597-0010

ipfw.edu/hhs/radiography/default.shtml

Indiana University Northwest

Indiana University Northwest, 93 miles from Goshen in the city of Gary, offers a Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Sciences. Students will complete 122 credit hours of coursework, which includes 92 credit hours of general education and prerequisite classes, and 30 credit hours of core classes. General and prerequisite courses include three classes in verbal and written communication, physics, chemistry, anatomy and physiology, math, and electives in computer science, humanities and social science. Core classes for the senior year include topics in radiologic sciences, sectional imaging anatomy and advanced diagnostic and medical imaging. The program also includes clinical courses for students to put what they have learned into practice.

Indiana University Northwest

3400 Broadway

Gary, Indiana 46408

219-980-6540

iun.edu/~ahealth/rad

Tags: Fort Wayne, Indiana University, South Bend, credit hours, from Goshen, Indiana University Northwest

Find A Certificate Program For Radiology

Finding a certificate program is an important step in becoming an RT.

Radiographers, also known as Radiologic Technologists or RTs, perform a variety of different functions using radiographic equipment, such as performing computed tomography scans, also known as CAT scans, magnetic resonance imagery (MRIs) and X-rays. A well-compensated field, radiology also requires a significant amount of schooling. Finding the radiology certificate program is an important step of your professional training, as you'll likely be spending several years of study, internships and residencies completing this program.

Instructions

Finding a Program

1. Determine your state's license requirements regarding radiologic technologists. Visit the website of the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT), the leading national examination and certification organization of radiologic technologists. Click on the tab on the left-hand side that says "State Licensing." When the list of states comes up, find your state and click on the link provided in order to find out the specific licensing requirements for your state.

2. Get a list of acceptable radiology certificate programs, which can be found on the website of your state's licensing agency. If your state doesn't license radiologic technicians, you can find radiography training programs on ARRT's website. To do this, click on the tab called "Education/CE" on the left-hand side of the home page, then click on "Primary Certification" followed by "List of Educational Programs."

3. Review the list of approved certificate programs and visit the websites of or otherwise contact the programs you're most interested in.

4. Research the programs you're most interested in, discovering information such as prerequisites, tuition costs, program requirements, distance from home and housing options. It may be worthwhile to tour the medical facilities or campuses that you're most interested in.

5. Double-check that your programs of choice meets your state's requirements before applying.

Tags: your state, most interested, also known, certificate program, certificate program important, certificate programs, important step

Basic Xray Tech Salary

X-rays are used as a diagnostic or treatment tool.

An X-ray tech, or radiologic technologist, is a medical practitioner responsible for the operation of X-ray machines in order to create images of the internal structures of the human body. The resultant images are used as diagnostic tools by radiologists and other physicians. An X-ray tech's salary varies according to a number of factors, including employer, location and experience.

Average Salary

The latest figures published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, issued in May 2009, put the mean annual basic salary of a radiologic technologist working in the United States at $54,180. This equates to a mean monthly income of $4,515 and a mean hourly rate of $26.05. Radiologic technologists may receive benefits to augment their basic pay, such as bonuses, profit sharing and pension provision, but these vary depending on individual employment contracts.

Salary by Employer

In its May 2009 national survey of radiologic technologist salaries, the Bureau of Labor Statistics compared salary levels in different sectors of the medical industry. Scientific research and development services offered the highest average salary at $64,800. Hospitals and outpatient care centers had mean wage levels of $54,770 and $52,950 respectively.

Salary by Location

The salary comparison website PayScale.com conducted a review of American radiologic technologist pay levels in January 2011. It found that different states across the country have different average salaries. California had the broadest range, from $35,000 to $75,000. Illinois was ranked second at $31,000 to $60,000, while Georgia was the most parsimonious, with a range of $29,479 to $41,116.

Salary by Experience

The January 2011 salary analysis conducted by PayScale.com also revealed how experience gained in the profession can affect wage levels. It listed the average pay for an X-ray tech with less than 12 months of experience as between $29,833 and $49,791. Those with between 5 and 9 years earned on average $23,797 to $54,054, while individuals who had achieved between 10 and 19 years in the field could expect an average salary of between $75,987 and $90,000.

Training

In order to practice as an X-ray technologist and begin earning the basic starting salaries available, an individual must complete a recognized training course. Typically lasting between 21 months and two years, these courses are offered by tertiary educational establishments and hospitals. Candidates can increase their earning potential by following a program approved by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists, the industry's primary arbiter with regard to standards. Employers tend to look favorably on technicians who have completed courses approved by ARRT.

Outlook

The Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that demand for all types of radiologic technologists will rise by 14 to 19 percent in the decade from 2008 to 2018. As such, salaries for X-ray technicians should continue to be very healthy. To improve earning capacity, an X-ray technician may wish to undertake training in advanced imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging and mammography.

Tags: radiologic technologist, Bureau Labor, Bureau Labor Statistics, Labor Statistics, X-ray tech, average salary, between years

Financial Help For A Cancer Patient

Medical supplies on a table

Cancer has the capacity to place a huge financial weight on a person's shoulders. Patients often accumulate mounting debt because of costly treatments. Even if a person has medical insurance coverage, paying for deductibles can begin to deplete an individual's finances. Fortunately, resources for cancer patients is growing, and finding help can ease the financial burden.

Insurance

Many cancer patients pay for treatment through healthcare insurance. However, insurance doesn't always cover everything. When battling cancer, it's important that the individual keeps all healthcare paperwork organized. Individuals should keep track of letters, bills, claim forms and anything else that comes into the house that is health related. Information that comes from the doctor or insurance provider should never be discarded. This is important because these types of documents are often later needed to appeal if the insurance company denies payment for a treatment.

Government Programs

According to the National Cancer Institute, there are several places that cancer patients can receive financial assistance. One program is the Hill-Burton program. Hill-Burton is a federal government program that is designed for patients who cannot afford to pay for their hospitalization. Another program is called CancerCare, which is a national agency that offers information, support and financial assistance to people with cancer.

Vaticals

Life-threatening illnesses that need a lot of medical care also need a lot of income. In many states, cancer patients can use their life insurance policy as a source of income. This is called "living benefits." The most common living benefit is called a viatical. A vitacial means that the person sells his life insurance policy to a third party for cash. Viaticals normally happen when someone has a limited life expectancy. The life expectancy must be certified by a doctor in order to receive the viatical. The downside to a viatical is that the individual's heirs do not receive insurance money.

Local Programs

Cancer patients also should consider local programs that will help them with non-medical expenses like mortgage or groceries. According to Donna Duncan, the executive director of the Linda Creed Breast Cancer Foundation, cancer patients may be more likely to get non-medical assistance from local organizations than national ones. Because cancer is an expensive illness, it's wise to investigate both local and national resources.

Considerations

One of the last things that cancer patients want to think about is money, however, as a cancer patient, mounting health bills can be an issue. Healthcare benefits don't always cover everything, and even individuals who are considered well-insured, can suffer from financial problems. Thankfully, there are financial resources available that can help an individual financially.

Tags: cancer patients, always cover, always cover everything, cancer patients, cover everything

Which Colleges Have A Cna Program Online

CNAs make a difference.

Becoming a CNA, or certified nursing assistant, used to require long hours at a community college or nursing home. Now, you can study for a career in the medical field while still in your pajamas. Several schools offer online paths to CNA certification. Most CNA programs require six to 12 weeks of training (beyond obtaining your high school diploma or GED) in CPR, patient care and related tasks.

St. Augustine Nursing Assistant School

At St. Augustine, you can complete your training in six to eight weeks. Virtual clinical labs allow you to train online to acquire the practical skills needed in this field, such as taking blood pressure. St. Augustine stands alone in this regard: Most schools require on-campus clinical experience and monitored, hands-on practice. St. Augustine allows self-paced study over the Internet, 24-hours a day.

St. Augustine Nursing Assistant School

2870 Peachtree Road

Atlanta, GA 30305

888-817-4595

nursingassistant.us

Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana

Ivy Tech allows you to complete 20 hours of online modules--complete with videos, instructor lectures and web content--before you complete your labs and clinicals in person. This is an option for those who want to do the bulk of the work online, but still get hands-on training in a live clinical experience. With 23 campuses, Ivy Tech offers a variety of locations--including its online presence--to pursue certification.

Ivy Tech Community College

200 Daniels Way

Bloomington, IN 47404

812-330-6350

ivytech.edu

Tulsa Community College

Tulsa Community College offers a CNA program that uses a blended method of online study and in-person clinicals. This allows you to finish most of the requirements online and go to class only when necessary. Tulsa requires that students have prior online coursework experience and a 3.0 GPA in at least 12 college credits to enroll in its online or in-person classes.

Tulsa Community College

6111 East Skelly Drive

Tulsa, OK 74135

918-595-7000

tulsacc.edu

Hutchinson Community College of Kansas

Hutchinson Community College offers an online CNA program with the opportunity to get practical experience once you complete your coursework. Students practice their skills in local hospitals, nursing homes and health clinics. Classes begin every two weeks throughout the year. A reading test is required before the first class takes place.

Hutchinson Community College

1300 North Plum Road

Hutchinson, KS 67501

620-665-3500

cms.hutchcc.edu

Miles Community College of Montana

At Miles Community College, you can complete all of your coursework online through distance learning, leaving only your clinicals to do in person. The format consists of video-learning and web modules. The CNA prep course is a three-credit online class to be paired with a one-credit in-person clinical. Classes begin and end on a semester basis.

Miles Community College

2715 Dickinson St.

Miles City, MT 59301

800-541-9281

milescc.edu

Tags: Community College, complete your, Hutchinson Community, Hutchinson Community College, Miles Community

Why Is Herceptin Used Only In Advanced Breast Cancer

Women who receive Herceptin are usually in the advanced stages of breast cancer. Herceptin is considered a biological treatment for breast cancer and works with naturally occurring proteins in the body. Herceptin works by stopping the growth of advanced breast cancer and by preventing it from spreading to other parts of the body. It is considered one of the most effective treatment methods for advanced breast cancer and is approved by the FDA for specific types of breast cancer.

About

Breast cancer affects approximately 180,000 women every year. Out of that number, approximately 30 percent of women are diagnosed with advanced breast cancer. According to an article by Alice Buckley that was reviewed by Igor Puzanov, MD of Baptist Health Systems, approximately 60,000 women have an aggressive form of breast cancer that is associated with the human epithelial growth factor receptor-2 or HER-2. This form of breast cancer is often deadly, advances quickly and strikes women of all ages. HER-2 aggressive cancer is more likely to metastasize and spread throughout the body quickly.

HER-2

Herceptin works by blocking the HER-2 receptor, according to Buckley. This stops the cancer tumor from growing and eventually kills the cancer cells. HER-2 is a naturally occurring protein from which the cancer cells advance. Although all women produce a certain amount of HER-2, aggressive breast cancers occur in women who produce too much HER-2. Herceptin specifically targets the receptor cells by blocking them. This prevents the protein from attaching to the cancer cells and starves the cancer cells.

Administration

According to Cancer Help UK, Herceptin is a biological treatment administered by intravenous drip. The first treatment lasts for approximately an hour and a half and follow-up treatments last for approximately 30 minutes to an hour. Treatments are administered approximately every three weeks as long as they are keeping the cancer under control or until the cancer goes into remission. Some patients have occasional follow-up treatments to insure that their cancer stays in remission.

Chemotherapy

Herceptin is often used in conjunction with chemotherapy treatments for advanced breast cancer according to Cancer Help UK. The most common chemotherapy drug is Taxol. This drug is used if the patient has not been exposed to the drug through previous treatments for advanced breast cancer. Many oncologists carefully consider whether the patient will benefit from using chemotherapy along with Herceptin treatments and guidelines suggest that not more than two other treatments of chemotherapy should occur with Herceptin.

Side Effects

According to Buckley, the side effects of Herceptin are relatively minor compared to other types of treatments for advanced breast cancer. Approximately 28 percent of women experience some form of heart problems. Because the chance of significant heart problems is present, it is not recommended that women with early stage breast cancer use Herceptin. However, other side effects include chills, fever, fatigue, diarrhea and joint pain. Herceptin may make side effects of other chemotherapy treatments more difficult, including anemia, abdominal pain and infections.

Tags: breast cancer, advanced breast cancer, advanced breast, breast cancer, cancer cells, treatments advanced

Lose Breast Fat Fast

Large breasts can be reduced through diet and exercise.

Losing fat from the breast area can be one of the most difficult places for targeted weight loss. Our breasts contain a number of fat cells that cannot be removed, only reduced in size. For most people, the path to a smaller breast size is through losing weight in general by healthy eating and an active lifestyle. For others, surgical options, such as breast-reduction surgery, might need to considered.

Instructions

1. Exercise daily at home or a gym. Chest exercises such as push-ups, pull-ups or rowing can help target breast fat. These targeted exercises will help increase muscle tissue in the chest, which will give more overall support to the breast.

2. Pair strength training with cardiovascular exercises such as running, bicycling or skipping for maximum results.

3. If dietary changes and exercise do not help, consult with a doctor about breast-reduction surgery. The process typically involves a medical evaluation and baseline mammogram beforehand. Patients are also required to stop smoking prior to surgery.

Tags: breast-reduction surgery, exercises such

Make An A On A Final Exam

Studying is essential to making an A on the final exam.

Tests and exams throughout the year make students nervous. The end of the year test, also known as the final exam, is often the most nerve-wracking, as it typically includes questions on all information covered from the beginning to the end of a course. Studying for the final exam is necessarily rigorous. It is possible to make an A on a final exam, but only if the student is willing to study and use all available resources to obtain the best possible grade on exam day.

Instructions

1. Take a hard look at your course syllabus to determine which of the covered subjects you know well, and which you need more help with. Use all the class notes and the textbook to highlight weak areas.

2. Create an outline, with each point including one fact or point where you are struggling. If possible, use past tests and assignments to help create this outline.

3. Gather all resources needed to find the answers to questions in your problem areas. This may involve meeting with your teacher, re-reading chapters of your textbook, or comparing your notes with those of friends. Share the outline with the teacher and ask for a student-teacher consult.

4. Create a study guide based on your research. The guide should act as a map of the areas you have just investigated.

5. Advertise for a study group, or join an existing group. Compare your outline to the notes of the other members. Review your weak points with the group, and assist those in areas where you are strong but they are weak. In return, seek those who are strong in your weak areas for assistance.

6. Use libraries, past tests, assignments and any other trusted resources for information on problem areas. Study these extra resources carefully, as they may explain a concept in a different way. This can help you understand that concept more fully.

7. Go into the exam with confidence. Earning an A is as much about knowing the material as it is about taking the test in a calm, confident way. Take deep breaths before answering questions, and be sure to budget time to think about each answer before writing a response.

Tags: final exam, outline with, past tests, past tests assignments, problem areas, tests assignments

Duties Of An Obstetric Technician

Obstetric technicians prepare the delivery room and patient for delivery or surgery.

An obstetric technician assists physicians and nurses throughout the labor and delivery process. The requirements for an obstetric technician can vary from state to state. However, most states require an obstetric technician to have a high school diploma, nursing assistant certification and experience working in a delivery room. While the specific duties of an obstetric technician vary from employer to employer, the main duties of this job remain the same. The average annual salary of an obstetric technician is $38,000 as of June 2010, according to Indeed.com.

Delivery Room Prep

A common duty for an obstetric technician is preparing the delivery room for a patient. The exact type of prep work depends on the facility where the mother will be delivering. Obstetric technicians organize medical instruments for the doctor by placing them within easy reach. Prior to a delivery, an obstetric technician takes inventory to ensure all equipment and supplies are readily available in the delivery/operating room. The most important duty of an obstetric technician is to ensure all medical equipment has been sterilized and remains sterile throughout the delivery/procedure.

Patient Prep

Prior to delivery or Caesarean section surgery, an obstetric technician prepares the patient by washing and shaving the procedure region on the patient. Obstetric technicians help place the patient on the operating table and dress the patients in proper delivery garments. Throughout the procedure, the obstetric technician ensures the patient is comfortable and, if required, calms the patient until anesthesia has been given.

Clerical Duties

Obstetric technicians help compile medical records and fill out forms to support the administrative tasks of a medical facility. Record keeping may include double-checking insurance or filing medical records within the clerical office. Obstetric technicians often work with medical office assistants when completing paperwork.

Tags: obstetric technician, Obstetric technicians, delivery room, delivery room patient, duty obstetric

Saint Louis Middle Schools

Several options for middle school education are available within the city of Saint Louis.

Saint Louis, Missouri is home to a number of educational institutions. The Saint Louis Public School system operates several middle schools which serve students with diverse needs and interests. Some of these schools prepare students for magnet high schools and others feature a generalized educational curriculum. When searching for the ideal middle school for your child, you may want to consider a themed school. Themed schools offer experiences and instructional approaches that may not be available to students in a traditional school. At the middle grades level, Saint Louis Public Schools operates themed schools with athletics and character, math and science, gifted education and arts emphases.

Busch Middle School of Character and Athletics

As its name suggests, Busch Middle School of Character and Athletics features a curriculum focused on character education and athletic development. The school serves students in grades 6 to 8. School faculty are certified to teach character education as of fall semester 2011. Busch also encourages parents to take an active role in students' character development. In addition to these specialized components, Busch offers a fully state-approved basic curriculum of communication arts, social studies, mathematics and science.

McKinley Classlical Leadership Academy

McKinley Classical Leadership Academy serves middle school and high school students, grades 6 to 12. Gifted education is McKinley's focus, and the school offers a rigorous academic curriculum along with cultural diversity programs. In addition to receiving traditional classroom instruction, students at McKinley are encouraged to work independently on projects tailored to their specific needs. Prospective students must meet state criteria for gifted education to begin the application process for this school.

Gateway Middle School for Science and Technology

Gateway Middle School exists to educate students in grades 6 to 8 who are interested in exploring the fields of math, science and technology. Gateway students have the opportunity to learn from technology lab projects featuring the most up-to-date advances. Gateway offers rigorous academics in all subject areas, and students take a "Gateway Scholar's Pledge" to verbalize commitment to academic success. Students who graduate from this school may continue a high school level science and technology-themed education at Gateway Institute of Technology.

Carr Lane Visual and Performing Arts Middle School

Carr Lane Visual and Performing Arts Middle School offers students in grades 6 to 8 the benefit of intensive academics combined with an emphasis in creative expression. The school features a vast arts program which includes music, studio art, dance, theater and media. Though Carr Lane is a magnet school with an arts focus, no audition is required for admission. Special education classes are also available at the school. Students graduating from Carr Lane who wish to continue their education in this theme may attend Central Visual and Performing Arts High School.

Tags: Saint Louis, Carr Lane, Middle School, students grades, Performing Arts, Visual Performing