Firefighting Technical Colleges Near Chattahoochee Georgia

Georgia's Chattahoochee County is located near several colleges and schools that offer programs in fire science and firefighting. The programs differ from school to school, but they fall into the degree, diploma or certification categories. Students who want to attend Chattahoochee Technical College will find two fire-science programs there. Students who prefer to pursue a program near Chattahoochee County have several options available to them as well.

Chattahoochee Technical College - Marietta Campus

Chattahoochee Technical College is the largest technical college in Georgia, composed of eight campuses throughout the north-central part of the state. The Marietta campus offers a Associate of Applied Science in Fire Science degree for current firefighters who wish to advance their knowledge and professional careers. They also offer a Fire Science Diploma program for students wishing to enter a career as a firefighter. The college is about 140 miles from Chattahoochee County.

Southern Crescent Technical College - Griffin Campus

Southern Crescent Technical College offers the Fire Fighter I Certification. Some fire departments require the certification for employment, so completing this course enables students to apply for firefighting jobs. The 19-credit-hour course covers all the basic information and skills needed to enter the job force as a firefighter, including CPR certification, fire-safety education and hazardous-materials response training. The Griffin campus is located about 70 miles from Chattahoochee County.

West Georgia Technical College - LaGrange Campus

The LaGrange campus of West Georgia Technical College offers a fire-science program to provide firefighters with the education and skills needed to advance their careers and update their training and knowledge. Those who complete the program earn Associate of Applied Science degrees in Fire Science Technology. The school also provides diplomas in Fire Science Technology and the Fire Fighter I professional certification. The LaGrange campus is about 50 miles from Chattahoochee County.

Atlanta Technical College

Located about 100 miles from Chattahoochee County, Atlanta Technical College is the third-farthest school from Chattahoochee on this list. As with the other schools offering degrees in fire science, Atlanta Technical College's program culminates in an Associate of Applied Science degree in Fire Science. The school offers a diploma and certification program as well, to offer current and potential firefighters opportunities for certification, job placement and career advancement.

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Medical Imaging Technology Training

Medical imaging technology is key in modern health care activities.

Training courses help medical imaging technologists---or radiologic technologists---become familiar with radiology technology equipment and magnetic resonance imaging procedures. Effective medical imaging technologists generally have arm-hand steadiness, scientific acumen and an analytical penchant.

Qualifications

According to U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reports, most medical imaging technologists hold a bachelor's or associate degree in radiography. The Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology usually accredits radiography programs.

Areas of Focus

According to a 2010 BLS poll, a new medical imaging technologist receives on-the-job training. Employees usually require one or two years of experience and training with apt professionals, states O*Net OnLine. Medical imaging technologists learn safely perform scan procedures on patients, position and immobilize patients on examining tables, and develop x-rays and evaluate image quality.

Tools

According to O*Net OnLine, a medical imaging technologist trains to use tools and equipment, such as image storage systems as well as picture archiving and communication systems. A trainee also improves acumen with intensifying screens and x-ray image intensifier television systems.

Tags: imaging technologists, medical imaging, imaging technologist, medical imaging technologist, medical imaging technologists

Decorate With Pink In October

There are many shades of pink that will complement traditional autumn colors for October.

While pink is not a common color choice for October weddings, there is nothing wrong with being different. October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month and many brides choose pink to commemorate the cause and carry it throughout the theme in support of survivors and those dealing with the disease. Even if this cause is not the purpose behind the pink, there are many beautiful ways to incorporate the color into a wedding.

Instructions

1. Choose various shades of pink or just one that will carry through the entire wedding. Make a note of these colors for future reference. Research each one to ensure the colors are true and there will be enough vendors who will recognize them. For example, certain shades may look attractive, but are specific to a paint manufacturer and the color is not normally used in the wedding industry. These steps will avoid frustration later on. For example, many wedding vendors will recognize dusty rose or baby pink, but not more elaborate names and tones. The more varied the tones, the more difficult the decor coordination will be, hence wedding colors are generally paired down to only a few.

2. Select a shade of brown to use in collaboration with the aforementioned pinks. In the wedding industry, chocolate brown and espresso are extremely common, so they may serve as excellent choices to offset the pink. Brown is also a common color for autumn weddings and will ground the brightness of the pink. Complete the same process for the ivory or other accent color.

3. Focus the colors in areas pertaining to where they will be used in the wedding itself. Block out areas on a chart where the colors will be used to ensure appropriate color balancing in the overall color scheme. For example, decide if the bridesmaids will wear pink or brown and coordinate all elements of the decor after this major color choice. Choose brown for the linens if the girls are wearing pink or vice versa. Ensure the bridesmaids dresses stand out and the linens blend into the venue.

4. Coordinate all the shades of pink desired into the floral bouquets and decorations. The dresses, flowers and decor are the real elements that dictate the color scheme. The flowers could be all different shades of pink including ones verging on orange to smooth the transition for a fall wedding. The tablecloths could be ivory, the dresses could be brown and the flowers could all be shades of pink. Arrange centerpieces with plentiful large blooms in soft pinks and oranges and they will all work together.

5. Wear pink accessories as the bride. They will stand out as she is the main focal point for the entire event. Use luxurious materials and fabrics such as satin or brocade to enrich the soft pinks. Consider rich tones such as fuchsia or dusty rose as they both have an impact, but will work with browns and oranges. Use pink only for special reasons such as the wedding favors if it becomes difficult to match the other color choices or if the venue clashes with the shades.

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What Is The Average Annual Salary For A Radiologist

What Is the Average Annual Salary for a Radiologist?

Radiologists are medical doctors who use X-rays and other imaging technologies to diagnose and treat medical conditions. According to an article published by the Radiological Society of North America in November 2010, the 2009 median salary of a diagnostic radiologist was $454,205, and the 2009 median salary of an interventional radiologist was $478,000.

Caveats

Radiologist salaries vary greatly based on work environment, geographical location, industry, experience and benefits. The website MySalary.com reports the median expected salary for a radiologists in the United States is $401,934 as of November 2010.

Training

A radiologist must graduate from an accredited medical school, pass a licensing examination, complete a one-year internship and complete at least a four-year residency in radiology. After the residency, these doctors have the option of entering a fellowship program and specializing in one or more areas of radiology.

Diagnostic Radiology

Most radiologists practice diagnostic radiology, using imaging equipment to diagnose medical conditions. Many radiologists specialize in a particular part of the body. Specialties include breast imaging, cardiovascular radiology, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, musculoskeletal and neuroradiology (brain, nerves, head, neck and spine).

Interventional Radiology

An interventional radiologist does minimally invasive interventional techniques using imaging to guide the procedure. These techniques include imaging and treatment of the blood vessels (such as angiography, angioplasty and stent placement), biopsies, line and tube placement, uterine fibroid removal, and drainage of fluids and abscesses.

Considerations

Although radiologists are ultimately responsible for patient care, they often receive assistance from other trained medical personnel. A radiologic technologist usually operates the equipment to produce images, explains procedures to patients and does similar tasks. A radiologist assistant is a high-level radiologic technologist who performs and assists with advanced tasks, such as patient evaluation and invasive procedures. A radiologic nurse may also assist with specific tasks.

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The Best Restaurants In Denver Colorado

Denver: Great food, great atmosphere

Denver, Colorado, is home to a multitude of great people, great atmospheres, and fantastic food for any palate. With an emphasis on sustainable living, many local restaurants use local, organic ingredients, and they have plenty of options for those with gluten allergies. With unique experiences that range from authentic Neapolitan pizza to cliff diving inside a Mexican restaurant, Denver has it all.

Pizza

Pizza is a perennial favorite of many. There are pizza places in every city, and Denver is no exception. Proto's Pizza has gotten national acclaim from "Bon Appetit" magazine as well as multiple local acclamations. Beau Jo's Pizza is a local gem that has a gluten-free menu, a contest for those with very hearty appetites, and in the spirit of Denver's green scene uses sustainable energy from sources such as wind.

Proto's Pizzeria

2401 15th St.

Denver, CO 80202-6105

(720) 855-9400

protospizza.com

Beau Jo's Pizza

2710 S. Colorado Blvd.

Denver, CO 80222

(303) 758-1519

www.beaujos.com

Mexican

Santiago's is a Colorado favorite for food, with glowing reviews in many local publications. Casa Bonita, on the other hand, doesn't have the best food but is an experience you can't miss if you are in Denver. The Mexican restaurant has a waterfall, arcade, cliff divers, and much more.

Santiago's

2925 W 38th Ave.

Denver, CO 80221

(720) 855-8109

www.eatatsantiagos.com

Casa Bonita

6715 W. Colfax Ave.

Denver, CO 80214

(303) 232-5115

Italian

Panzano has to be the best local Italian restaurant in Denver. It has a mellow, gourmet atmosphere with outstanding food and gluten free options, though they are a bit pricey. Cafe Colore is a bit more affordable, with an Italian Cafe feel that is fantastic and the option of having any of your pastas prepared gluten free.

Panzano

909 17th St.

Denver, CO 80202

(303) 296-2535

www.panzano-denver.com

Cafe Colore

1512 Larimer St., R12

Denver, CO 80202

(303) 534-6844

www.cafecoloredenver.com

Burgers

Good Times is a local, Colorado burger joint that offers hand cut fries and local, organic ingredients in its diner-style food. Great customer service and even better food makes this a great place to grab a bite during your busy day.

Good Times Burgers and Frozen Burgers

1300 S. Colorado Blvd.

Denver, CO 80222

(303) 782-9223

www.goodtimesburgers.com

Tags: Beau Pizza, Blvd Denver, Blvd Denver 80222, Cafe Colore, Casa Bonita

Start A Business If I Am On Social Security

You can start a business at any time, whether or not you are collecting Social Security benefits. However, there are certain considerations that older prospective entrepreneurs must consider that do not necessarily apply to younger people. For example, older individuals must consider possible taxes on Social Security benefits that would arise as a result of self-employment income. Older individuals may also wish to consider how owning a company or earning money from it might affect their ability to qualify for Medicaid benefits.

Social Security Taxes

If your income is over a certain amount, you may trigger a special tax on your Social Security benefits. Specifically, the tax becomes effective for single filers who make more than $25,000 per year. Up to 50 percent of your benefits may become taxable. Once you make $34,000 or more, up to 85 percent of your benefits may become taxable. For married taxpayers, those two thresholds are $32,000 and $44,000, respectively.

Medicaid Considerations

Medicare does not generally cover long-term care, such as nursing home care, except in very limited circumstances. In order to pay for this care, you must fund it either out of private savings or through long-term care insurance. If you have neither, or if you exhaust your benefits, you will have to rely on Medicaid to fund long term care. However, owning a company or taking income could put you over the allowable limit to qualify for long-term care benefits through Medicaid.

Medicaid Planning

Rules vary by state, but Medicaid is designed as a last-resort insurer for the poor or indigent. In most cases, you will have to exhaust all significant personally owned assets before you can qualify for Medicaid. However, states provide for exceptions for some kinds of assets such as a limited amount of life insurance, home equity or provision for the maintenance of a spouse. However, closely held businesses do not typically fall under these exemptions. If you own a business with any value, it will likely be counted against you for the purposes of qualifying for Medicaid.

Disability Considerations

If you are receiving Social Security benefits under the SSI program, which provides disability payments to qualified beneficiaries, starting a business could jeopardize your benefits. Generally, you have a nine-month period in which you can earn money without losing benefits. After that, you have a 36-month trial period, during which time, if you take more than $1,000 per month from work, net of expenses, your SSI benefits will cease. Blind workers, however, can earn up to $1,640 per month without jeopardizing their benefits. Outside of those circumstances, the Social Security Administration will reduce your benefits by 50 cents for every dollar you earn over $85 per month.

Tags: Social Security, your benefits, Security benefits, Social Security benefits, long-term care

Talk To Kids About Cancer

Telling a child that a parent or loved one has cancer is never easy. Dealing with unknowns and possible outcomes can cause a lot of anxiety and stress. However, being honest and keeping an open line of communication will go a long way toward beginning a conversation about cancer, what it means for a family and a child’s part in it.

Instructions

1. Give them the facts. Tell your children the truth about what’s happening and what treatment is being considered. Don’t allow children the opportunity to imagine or fill in the blanks with their own ideas. Consider your child’s age and how much she understands about serious illnesses as a guide to how much detail to offer. Reassure your child that her needs will continue to be met; it may be by a different family member, but in no way will she be neglected. Prepare your child for the physical changes (hair loss, weight loss) that may occur as a result of treatment.

2. Listen to your child’s concerns or questions. Encourage him to open up and express his feelings about what he's been told and how life has changed. Be honest with your child if you don’t have an answer to a question. Seek an answer together, which will go a long way to helping him feel involved in the process.

3. Let them take a part. Help kids to feel involved by allowing them to get involved in caring for the individual with cancer. Allow them to do little but important things like bring a bottle of water or a blanket. Let your child bring you the paper or read it to you if he's old enough, on treatment days when energy may be lacking.

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Enroll In Medicare

If you are close to the age of 65, you may wonder how you can enroll in Medicare. Medicare is a type of health insurance coverage provided by the government to people over 65 and, in some cases, to individuals with disabilities under 65. Medicare is available in two parts: Part A covers hospital expenses, while Part B covers medical expenses.

Instructions

1. Choose the type of coverage you want prior to turning 65. Part A does not require premium payments, while Part B recipients must pay a monthly premium. Medicare's initial enrollment period lasts three months before your 65th birthday and seven months after.

2. Visit your local social security office to get the application form and meet with a representative to determine eligibility. To find the nearest social security office, log on the social security web site and use the office locator tool. Call first to set up an appointment to meet with a representative.

3. Fill out the Initial Enrollment Application Package. You will need to provide your social security number, income, retirement status, marital status and information about other health benefits you may be receiving. You will fill out this application during your appointment. Bring along a photo ID. You may want to bring along a copy of your most recent tax return as well in order to provide information about your income.

4. Wait for the social security office to review your application for approval. Once enrolled, you will receive a welcome package and a copy of your Medicare card. The approval process takes an average of four to six weeks.

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Breast Surgery Radiation Side Effects

Surgery and radiation are two common treatments used for breast cancer, and while the procedures are helpful for many patients, there are some side effects to consider. Different patients will react different to the surgeries and anesthetics used, so talking to a doctor about the best operations to pursue is essential.

Arm Swelling

A number of patients that have breast surgery often experience pain and swelling (lymphedema) in the arm next to the breast operated on. Increased arm movement after surgery will help to relieve this discomfort, along with gentle massage.

Anxiety and Depression

Feeling anxious or depressed up to a year after breast surgery is not uncommon. Many patients wonder if the cancer will return after the operation and should meet with a doctor to get details on stay as healthy as possible to reduce the chances of the cancer returning. If depression worsens, medication and additional therapy may be necessary.

Breast Swelling and Soreness

After radiation treatment, the breast area can be tender to the touch and swollen. This improves when the radiation of treatment finishes. Women that have radiation treatment and surgery are more likely to experience soreness than those who have only undergone surgery.

Nerve Damage

Nerve damage to the arm or armpit can sometimes occur in patients that have had breast surgery and radiation treatment. Parts of the upper arm and armpit can become numb, and it can be difficult to move the arm; however, innovations in medical equipment and procedures make this side effect less common.

Fatigue

Patients may also experience extreme tiredness after undergoing radiation treatment. The reason for this remains unknown, and some women become more fatigued than others.

Tags: radiation treatment, that have, breast surgery, have breast, have breast surgery, patients that

Change A Birth Certificate

Change a Birth Certificate

A short time after a baby is born in a hospital, a clerk types up a birth certificate and asks the mother to sign it. The mother may overlook typographical errors, especially if she's exhausted. If you have had a name incorrectly spelled on a birth certificate or there is something else that you want to change, follow these steps.

Instructions

1. Type in "change a birth certificate in" followed by whatever state or country issued the birth certificate at the search engine website of your choice. The website should return a list of useful resources.

2. Contact the proper governmental agencies listed online for making name changes. There may be a fee for filing the form and receiving an amended birth certificate.

3. Follow the instructions for your state or country. Consult the proper agency if you have any questions or comments about the form or forms you are completing.

4. Obtain a court order, if you have to change a baby's name or parent's name that isn't just a minor misspelling. In this instance, the court may seal the original birth certificate and create a new one.

5. Add a father's name to a birth certificate by following the instructions on the website. You may need to file another form. This may be necessary if the child's parents marry after the child is born, unless the father signs a Declaration of Paternity form at the child's birth.

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Become A Dan Doctor

DAN doctors treat patients with autistic spectrum disorders.

Offer additional medical treatments and a more holistic approach for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders by becoming a DAN (Defeat Autism Now) doctor. The Autism Research Institute (ARI) maintains a list of doctors who complete education and training in this autism treatment and then agree to use the DAN treatment approach as an option for their patients.

DAN doctors encourage parent participation in treatment exploration and decisions and welcome their input as an integral part of the treatment team. More than 300 doctors appear on the ARI's listing of DAN practitioners in the United States, as of 2010.

Instructions

1. Complete education, training, examination and licensing requirements to become a licensed health care provider. The DAN doctor registry contains the names of licensed professionals only. Separate DAN registry listings contain the names of unlicensed individuals in the health care field who follow the DAN approach including nutritionists, homeopaths and naturopaths.

2. Attend the two-day Clinician Seminar I. Topics include a review of scientific data related to autism treatment, nutrition, immunity and detoxification. Case studies demonstrate use these strategies for diagnosis and treatment.

3. Continue your education in autism treatments by attending Clinician Seminar II. This is also a two-day seminar covering more advanced skills in autism treatment. Professionals improve their laboratory interpretation skills and discuss treatment strategies for difficult cases.

4. Sign the philosophy statement and pay the yearly fee of $250, as of 2010, to be listed on the registry of DAN doctors. There is no examination or certification, and while ARI provides this list of DAN doctors to the public, they do not endorse any individual physician or other health care practitioner.

5. Maintain your registration status by completing a professional seminar at least once every two years. All ARI seminars are approved by the American Medical Association for continuing education credits.

Tags: autism treatment, health care, Clinician Seminar, education training, list doctors

The Effects Of Hearing Aids On A Cardiac Pacemaker

Heart

If you have had a cardiac pacemaker installed, it is possible that you may also wear a hearing aid, especially if you are elderly. Since both of these devices operate electronically, and a hearing aid is operated by a wireless battery that is often kept, for convenience, in a breast pocket near where a pacemaker is most likely installed, there is some concern about whether your hearing aid battery might affect the function of your pacemaker.

How Does a Pacemaker Work?

A pacemaker monitors and helps control your heartbeat by means of a battery, a computerized generator and wires with electrodes or sensors at one end. The generator is powered by the battery, and both are encased in a thin metal box. The wires, at the end of the box, connect the generator to your heart. The pacemaker works by electricity, detecting the electrical activity of your heart and then, if your heart beats abnormally, sending electrical impulses to shock your heartbeat back to normal. It also records the ongoing electrical activity of your heart, so your doctor can monitor both your heart and the pacemaker.

How Does a Hearing Aid Work?

A hearing aid is a small electronic device that helps to amplify sound. Every electronic hearing aid has a receiver, an amplifier, a battery and electronic circuitry. Most use a remote control device (RCD) to power the hearing aid. There are at least four distinct types of remote control hearing aid devices: FM, electromagnetic induction, tones and infrared to generate a signal.

Hearing Aids and Pacemakers

The question is whether the electrically powered RCD battery of your hearing aid might cause any interference with, or even completely disrupt, your electrically powered pacemaker. This is of concern, since pacemaker function has been known to react negatively to signals from cell phones, electronic surveillance equipment and other wireless technology.

Product Warnings

Some product literature for hearing aid RCDs carry warnings that say if you have a pacemaker, you should not keep the remote control for your hearing aid near where your pacemaker was surgically installed. A good example of where not to carry your RCD, according to the literature, would be a breast pocket in a shirt or a suit.

Two Studies

The April 2001 edition of the Hearing Journal carried an article by Levi A. Reiter and Jorge Camunas on "Hearing Aid Remote Control Devices and the Pacemaker Patient." In the article, the authors described two studies they had done on hearing aid devices and pacemakers. The first was a study on a single patient at a pacemaker center, with his physician present. The second was an exploration of the effects of several types of RCDs on several varieties of pacemaker, done within an artificial chest cavity. The authors noted that no published studies or research existed at the time of the article on whether pacemaker/hearing aid proximity might create electronic interference that could adversely affect the pacemaker. Four hearing-aid RCDs were chosen for the second study and operated in four different positions: directly over the pacemaker site, over the site but about 18 inches away, one inch away from the atrial lead wire and one inch from the ventricular lead wire. None of the remote control devices tested in either study interfered with the pacing of the heart or the sensing function of the pacemakers in operation, and there was no stoppage or interference with the regularity of pacing with any RCD used. There was some loss of remote sensing and measuring of heart data (which your doctor would use to check your heart and the working of the pacemaker), at the one inch distance from the pacemaker with the FM and the electromagnetic induction models. The authors of article concluded that no function of the pacemaker was interfered with by normal operation of any of the RCD devices that were tested in any proximity to the pacemaker. But since remote sensing was affected by FM and electromagnetic induction models, product literature warnings should still be observed as to proximity.

Tags: your heart, remote control, electromagnetic induction, your hearing, activity your

What Does A Bone Density Test Tell A Person

A bone mineral density (BMD) test is a procedure that uses X-rays to gauge bone health and determine an individual's risk for developing the bone disease called osteoporosis.

The Facts

During a BMD test, a special device called a central dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) machine measures the bone mineral content of the hip and spine, which are susceptible to osteoporosis, according to the National Osteoporosis Foundation.

T-Score

Doctors usually report the results of a BMD with a reading called a T-score, which compares your bone density with that of a hypothetical healthy young adult of the same gender, according to the Mayo Clinic. A T-score gauges your similarity to this average value in units called standard deviations (SDs).

T-Score Results

If your test results yield a T-score above -1 SD, you have normal bone density, reports the Mayo Clinic. Results between -1 and -2.5 SDs indicate below average density that may lead to osteoporosis, while results below -2.5 SD indicate active osteoporosis.

Z-Score

Your doctor may also use a Z-score, which compares your bone health to others of similar age, ethnicity, weight and gender, notes the Mayo Clinic.

Z-Score Results

The Mayo Clinic notes that a Z-score of less than -1.5 SD may indicate unusual underlying causes for bone loss.

Tags: Mayo Clinic, bone health, bone mineral, compares your, compares your bone, which compares, which compares your

Tests For Bone Density

It wasn't all that long ago when the only way to detect osteoporosis was after a bone was broken. Osteoporosis is a disease in which bones become fragile and are more apt to fracture and break. Nowadays, quick and easy bone density tests are available. One test is as convenient as simply stopping at your local drugstore.

Who Should be Tested

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends all women age 65 and over get a routine bone density screening. If you are at a higher risk of osteoporosis, testing should begin at age 60.

The Mayo Clinic says white and Southeast Asian men and women have a greater chance of developing osteoporosis than people of African American and Hispanic descent.

Bone Density Tests

A bone density test uses uniquely crafted X-rays to gauge how many grams of calcium and other bone minerals are bunched together into a segment of bone.

Bone density tests are different from bone scans that are used to spot fractures and detect cancer and other irregularities in the bone. There are a few types of bone density tests.

Peripheral Bone Density Devices

Peripheral bone density devices are small machines available for use in places such as pharmacies. This equipment is not as accurate as the more sophisticated central devices that are generally found in health care clinics.

Since bone density typically varies from one spot to another, a measurement taken at a peripheral location such as your heel or finger isn't as precise as a measurement taken at the spine or hip.

Nevertheless peripheral devices are good screening tools. If they show a positive result your doctor may suggest you undergo a central device bone density test to confirm the peripheral findings.

Central Bone Density Devices

Central device bone density scans are considered to be more accurate than peripheral tests, but they are also more costly. The two types of central device tests are the DEXA scan and the Quantitative CT scan.

DEXA Scan

The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans calculate the bone density at your hip or spine. This scan is known for its accuracy and is the favored test for diagnosing osteoporosis.

During the procedure, a mechanical arm type device called an imager moves across, but does not touch your body as you lie on a padded platform.

The test emits only a fraction of the radiation received during a chest X-ray and is quick and painless. It usually takes less than 10 minutes from start to finish.

Quantitative CT Scan

The computerized tomography (CT) scanner works in conjunction with computer software to measure your bone density, most commonly at your spine.

Quantitative CT (QCT) scans offer complete 3-D images as you lie on a movable table that's steered into a large area that resembles a tube.

These scans produce more radiation than DEXA scans.

Testing Limitations & Frequency

A bone density test can detect low bone density, but it doesn't reveal the source of the problem. That requires a complete physical examination.

The Mayo Clinic says there is no recommended frequency in which to undergo a bone density test. However, at least two years may be needed between screenings to correctly assess change in your bone density.

Tags: bone density, bone density, bone density test, density test, bone density

Recovering From Breast Cancer Surgery

After Surgery

The kind of breast cancer surgery you have will determine your recovery time. If it is a lumpectomy, in which only a small amount of tissue is removed with the tumor, the recovery time is fairly short although you will likely have to have chemotherapy. A mastectomy, in which a whole breast is removed, brings a much more difficult recovery process, both physically and mentally.

Recovery

The first thing any patient after surgery should do is keep moving. Do some light exercise; if this is not possible, at least walk a short while each day. Make sure to move your arms. After breast surgery, there is a risk of deep vein thrombosis, in which a clot forms in a deep vein. This can become a very serious condition.

Cleaning

After surgery you will likely be bandaged, and there is a possibility that you will have some tubing placed in your breast to drain fluids from the breast area. The doctor and nursing staff will show you clean those and instruct you on the warning signs to look for in the liquid that would indicate complications.

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Types Of Heart Specialists

The human heart is a complex organ that is essential to your survival. Four chambers and four types of valves make up your heart. Electrical impulses created by the conduction system control the muscle. The heart is responsible for delivering all the blood, and therefore all the nutrients and oxygen, our bodies need. Because the heart is so complicated and so important, there are several types of highly trained heart specialists that work on the heart.

Cardiologist

Cardiologists specialize in heart and artery diseases. They are trained to detect such diseases, as well as treat and prevent them. Cardiologists are educated and trained for ten years or longer. After earning bachelor's degrees, they go to medical school, train in internal medicine and do special training in their field. Cardiologists may choose to specialize in running certain tests or detecting certain abnormalities or diseases.

Electrophysiologist

Electrophysiologists are cardiologists who specialize in detecting and/or treating heart rhythm abnormalities. By performing certain tests like echocardiograms and electrophysiology studies, electrophysiologists can detect problems with your heart's rhythm. They can detect arrhythmias, previous heart attacks, risk of heart attack and a number of other cardiovascular ailments.

Pediatric Cardiologist

Pediatric cardiologists have special education and training in heart care for children. They are capable of treating heart problems in fetuses and children up to the age of 18. Pediatric cardiologists undergo training and education for at least 12 years. First, they receive a bachelor's or master's in a science-related field. After that, they go to medical school for four years to obtain their internist education, complete a two or three year residency and a two or three year fellowship.

Cardiovascular Surgeon

Cardiovascular surgeons operate on the heart and blood vessels. They often perform risky, but lifesaving operations. They perform valve replacement surgeries, bypasses, pacemaker insertions and surgical treatment of arterial and aortic problems.

Cardiothoracic Surgeon

Cardiothoracic or thoracic surgeons train to operate on the heart, lungs, esophagus and other organs in the chest. Thoracic surgeons treat a variety of different diseases, such as lung cancer and heart failure. They also perform various surgeries, like heart transplants and coronary artery bypasses. Congenital heart surgeons are also thoracic surgeons. They operate on babies and children who have congenital heart problems.

Tags: certain tests, heart problems, heart rhythm, medical school, operate heart, Pediatric cardiologists, they medical

Can An Hsa Be Spent On Supplemental Insurance

Accrued HSA funds have a broad range of acceptable uses.

One of the main differences between a flexible spending account and a health savings account is that the funds in an HSA can roll over and accumulate from year to year. The Internal Revenue Service permits you to use these funds on a tax-free basis for a wide range of health-related expenses, including some insurance premiums.

Long-Term Care Insurance

Long-term care insurance premiums are deductible up to a limit that is set by the IRS each year, based on your age. The maximum deductible amount will be found in the instructions for filling out Schedule A for a 1040 tax return. Long-term care insurance is considered a qualified medical expense, so funds can be withdrawn from your HSA tax-free to pay for the premium.

COBRA Coverage

If you need to carry COBRA insurance coverage to maintain continuous insurance coverage in between group insurance policies, HSA funds can be used to pay COBRA premiums for you, your spouse or one of your dependents. If you use funds from your HSA to pay COBRA premiums, the withdrawal is tax-free. As a result, you cannot claim the health coverage tax credit on your income tax return.

Insurance Premiums While Collecting Unemployment

If you are collecting unemployment benefits and have health insurance premiums that are not COBRA-related coverage (like an individual policy), you can pay those premiums from your HSA. You can also pay premiums for a spouse or dependents from you HSA if you are currently employed, but your spouse or dependent is collecting unemployment.

Medicare Premiums

Once you reach age 65, you have the option of paying your Medicare premiums through your HSA instead of deducting them from your Social Security payments. Even though you can pay Medicare premiums through your HSA, supplemental, or "Medigap" insurance premiums, are not eligible expenses. Also, if you are the beneficiary of the account, you cannot pay Medicare premium expenses for a spouse or dependent over age 65 from your HSA if you are not at least 65 years old.

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Careers In Radiology Imaging

Radiology involves the use of X-rays and other imaging equipment.

Radiology is the study of images of the human body. Radiology began with X-rays but now includes tools such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. The primary careers in radiology imaging are radiologists and radiologic technicians and technologists.

Radiologist

A radiologist is a medical doctor who has specialized training in interpreting medical images and providing treatment with radiation. This training usually lasts for five to six years after completion of medical or osteopathic school. Radiologists specialize in diagnostic radiology (medical imaging) or radiation oncology (cancer treatment).

Within diagnostic radiology, a radiologist can choose to specialize in a particular area. Neuroradiology involves disorders of the brain, spine, spinal cord, peripheral nerves and head and neck. Nuclear radiology involves the use of tiny amounts of radioactive material to examine organ function and structure. Pediatric radiologists work with children. Vascular and interventional radiology involves inserting small devices into the body through tiny openings, including techniques such as angioplasty, stent placement and abscess drainage.

Radiologic Technician

Radiologic technicians assist radiologists, primarily by doing X-rays, according to the Occupational Outlook Handbook. The job title may also be X-ray technician or radiographer. Technicians prepare patients by explaining the procedure, removing jewelry and other items that interfere with X-rays and positioning patients for the X-rays. Radiologic technician training may last from one to four years, leading to a certificate, associate's degree or bachelor's degree. Training includes anatomy, physiology, pathology, medical terminology, radiation physics, radiation protection, principles of imaging and positioning of patients.

Radiologic Technologist

Radiologic technologists also assist radiologists, primarily by performing imaging procedures such as CT, MRI and mammography, according to the Occupational Outlook Handbook. Often, a radiologic technologist will specialize in one particular area. Training is similar to that of a radiologic technician. Sometimes, the two jobs overlap.

Tags: according Occupational, according Occupational Outlook, assist radiologists, assist radiologists primarily, diagnostic radiology, Occupational Outlook

Convert Ohms To Milliamps

The current flowing through a circuit depends upon the resistance it meets.

Our world is full of electrical and electronic equipment, from huge and complex systems that control space missions down to a single light-emitting diode (LED) soldered to a battery. Regardless of the size or complexity of a circuit, the math must balance. The voltages must be correct, with neither too much nor too little current. Mistakes may render the entire circuit useless. A set of equations derived from Ohms Law enables the current, voltage or resistance to be mathematically determined at any point in a circuit.

Instructions

1. Substitute the resistance and the voltage values into the Ohms law equation, current = voltage / resistance. For example:

If the voltage is 12 volts and the resistance is 100 ohms, the equation becomes current = 12 / 100

2. Solve the equation to find the current, measured in amps. For example:

If the current = (12/100) amps this resolves to current = 0.12 amps.

3. Convert amps to milliamps by multiplying by 1,000, the number of milliamps in 1 amp. (Reference 3) The result is the original value in ohms converted to milliamps. Completing the example:

0.12 amps is equivalent to 120 milliamps because 0.12 x 1,000 = 120.

Tags: current amps, current voltage, current voltage resistance, voltage resistance

Sterilize Medical Instruments

Sterilize Medical Instruments

Hospitals and clinics used to be the only places to use an autoclave sterilizer to sterilize the medical instruments. With all the super bugs and possible lawsuits in the world today, steam autoclaves are being used by tattoo parlors, beauty parlors, dentists and veterinarians. However, the autoclave must be used correctly for complete sterilization.

Instructions

1. Read the medical instrument's instruction manuals to clean and lubricate the instruments correctly.

2. Remove all residue on the instruments. Damage will occur to the sterilizer if any moisture, residue or mineral deposits are on the instruments. Clean instruments with the "Clean and Simple Ultrasonic Cleaning System" as soon as possible after use. When the ultrasonic cycle is complete, remove instruments, rinse under water for 30 seconds and pat dry.

3. Place the instruments in the autoclave in an open position. Include a sterilization indication on each tray or in each wrapped pack. Do not allow the instruments to touch in the autoclave. If sterilizing canisters, insert them in the autoclave upside down to avoid any water accumulation.

4. Leave a space of one inch between the trays of the autoclave to ensure circulation of the steam.

5. Wrap packs in a porous material that will allow the steam to circulation around the instruments. The autoclave company probably provides bags, paper, or towels that are compatible with the sterilizer.

Tags: instruments autoclave, Medical Instruments, Sterilize Medical Instruments

Car Insurance Laws In Illinois

Liability insurance coverage is mandatory in Illinois. Insurance policies must also contain uninsured motorist coverage. Failure to comply with the liability insurance requirement will result in suspension of the vehicle registration. In addition, convictions for driving a vehicle without insurance can lead to fines and to suspension of the vehicle owner's driver's license.

Mandatory Liability Insurance

Illinois law requires motor vehicle owners to purchase liability insurance coverage. The requirement applies to all types of vehicles that must display Illinois license plates. As of July 2009, the minimum amount of liability coverage that will satisfy the requirements of state law is $20,000 for the injury or death of one person in an accident, $40,000 for the injury or death of two or more persons in an accident, and $15,000 for property damage.

Uninsured Motorist Coverage

Liability insurance policies issued in Illinois also contain uninsured motorist coverage. This coverage is always included in a liability insurance policy, and need not be purchased separately. The amount of required uninsured motorist coverage is the same as the minimum amount of liability insurance coverage mandated by state law.

Proof of Insurance

When an owner submits a vehicle registration renewal application, his signature on the application indicates that he agrees to maintain the required insurance coverage throughout the registration period. Owners must carry an insurance card, issued by the insurance provider, in their vehicles. An owner must produce the insurance card upon the request of a law enforcement officer.

Enforcement

Illinois uses a random questionnaire procedure to enforce the liability insurance requirement. The state sends an insurance verification form to vehicle owners whose motor vehicle registration records were random selected with a computer program. If a vehicle owner fails to return the insurance verification form, or if liability insurance was not in effect on the date listed on the form, the vehicle registration will be suspended.

In addition, the state will suspend a vehicle registration if a vehicle owner receives a traffic ticket and then is also convicted of operating a vehicle without insurance. The owner's driver's license will also be suspended for three months.

Fines

As of July 2009, the minimum fine in Illinois for operating an uninsured vehicle is $500. The minimum fine for operating a vehicle while the registration has been suspended for lack of insurance is $1,000. For a first offense, the vehicle registration is suspended until the owner pays a $100 reinstatement fee and submits proof of insurance. A repeat offense will result in a four-month suspension. An owner who commits a third offense, or who is placed under court supervision for violating the liability insurance requirements, must file proof of financial responsibility with the state for three years. Failure to submit proof of financial responsibility will lead to suspension of the owner's driver's license.

Tags: vehicle registration, insurance coverage, driver license, liability insurance, liability insurance, motorist coverage, owner driver

What Are Some Good Things About Online Medical Records

There is an ongoing debate---both among governmental officials and medical professionals---surrounding online medical records. As with any debate, there are arguments being made both in favor and against expanding the use of online medical records. There are persuasive points advocating the use of the Internet as means of storing and accessing medical records.

History

There is a steady movement to make medical records available via the Internet. Legislation is proposed in Congress to mandate the broader use of electronic record keeping, utilizing the resources of the World Wide Web.

Significance

The primary significance of online medical records rests in the fact that these documents are readily available to health care providers no matter where a patient happens to be located in the world.

Misconceptions

The most common misconception associated with online medical records is that by being on the Internet, these records are more accessible to the general public.

Effects

The effects of online medical records are that patients obtain better and swifter medical care and treatment because medical information is more accessible.

Benefits

A point in favor of electronic and online medical records is that using these technologies lowers the cost of medical care.

Tags: medical records, online medical, online medical records, medical records that, records that, medical care, more accessible

Prostate Cancer Cure Rates

According to the Mayo Clinic, the prostate is a male gland that produces seminal fluid. Unfortunately, it is prone to the development of cancer. Roughly one in six men will develop prostate cancer, which can be a deadly disease. Fortunately it tends to be slow-growing, so it is curable if detected early. The National Cancer Institute says advances in treatment continue to be made, which means that cure rates are steadily increasing.

One in six men will develop prostate cancer, but most can be cured.

Rates

According to the NCI, about 220,000 men in the U.S. are diagnosed with prostate cancer each year, and 28,000 of them will die because of the disease. The National Institutes of Health says that the overall cure rate for prostate cancer is 99.7 percent, meaning that they survive for at least five years. Naturally, the chances of surviving are affected by the stage at which the cancer is detected. The NIH says that cancer that has not spread has a 100 percent cure rate. If it has moved beyond the prostate, the cure rate can be as low as 30.6 percent, depending on the extent of the problem.

Time Frame

The cure rate for prostate cancer has risen steadily over the years. The NCI says the overall cure rate for prostate cancer in the mid-1970s was 69 percent, compared to the current 99.7 percent rate.

Factors

One of the main factors for this increased success in treating the disease is the development of the PSA blood test, an exam developed in the 1980s that measures a certain protein that is often elevated in men with prostate cancer. The NCI says the test helps doctors diagnose 90 percent of prostate cancers at an early stage, when they are most curable. Advances in chemotherapy, surgery and other treatments are also helping to boost cure rates.

Considerations

Not all men have the same cure rate for prostate cancer. Caucasian males tend to have a much better chance of survival than African-American men. Overall, African-Americans have the lowest cure rate of any ethnicity. According to the NCI, they are twice as likely to die from this cancer as men in other ethic groups. However, the NIH says they still have an overall cure rate of 96.5 percent.

Considerations

Because prostate cancer grows so slowly, the Mayo Clinic says that many men do not need any treatment. Deciding whether to try to cure the disease depends on the man's age. In some older men, the potential side effects of treatment may outweigh the benefits. This is especially true of men with poor overall health who may not respond well to treatment. According to the Mayo Clinic, many older men with prostate cancer live out a natural lifespan without ever having it spread or cause other health issues.

Tags: prostate cancer, cure rate, cure rate prostate, rate prostate, rate prostate cancer, Mayo Clinic, overall cure

Salary For A Radiology Nurse

Radiology nurses help patients with certain medical exams.

Radiology focuses on the study and application of imaging technologies used for diagnosing medical conditions. Radiology nurses are health care professionals who care for patients who have been prescribed radiology tests. As of December 2009, the average annual salary of a radiology nurse in the U.S. was $56,000, according to the website iHire Radiology.

Education

To qualify as a radiology nurse, you will need a college nursing degree. You will also need to take an exam to qualify as a registered nurse.

Certification

After working as a registered radiology nurse for a few years, you can take an additional exam, which will award you the title of a certified radiology nurse. This certification allows you to expand your responsibilities and boost your salary beyond the average pay.

Salary

The average salary for a radiology nurse varies from state to state. However, the national average for a new nurse is $40,000 per year, according to iHire Radiology. With six to 10 years of experience, a radiology nurses can expect an annual salary of $60,000. The most experienced radiology nurses earn about $75,000 per year, with room for growth into the six-figure range if the nurse become the head nurse of a radiology department.

Retirement

Most radiology nurses with 20 or more years of service can expect $45,000 to $60,000 year in pension income. The retirement income is usually 80 percent of the nurse's salary during the last five years of work.

Tags: radiology nurse, annual salary, iHire Radiology, radiology nurse, radiology nurses, salary radiology

Start Your Own Mobile Phone Company

Mobile phone retailers provide messaging and smartphones to consumers.

Smart phones are taking increasingly higher shares of the mobile phone market, as they provide more applications and flexibility for personal and business use. BlackBerry, Android, iPhone, and other smart and messaging phones such as the Pantech Matrix are popular with mobile phone users. Individuals wishing to open a retail establishment that caters to mobile phone users can find it lucrative.

Instructions

1. Find mobile phone vendors. Go to local cell phone retailers and ask the manager or owner who supplies cellular phones. Most retailers are happy to assist a new entrepreneur. You can also contact manufacturers directly and ask what wholesalers are available in your area. Be sure to inquire about minimum opening orders and ask for a new retailer package.

2. Get your financing in place. Contact a professional business plan writer or accountant and have a business plan written to get your financing. Visit the Small Business Association's website and look for approved business-loan lenders. Because a small retail business does not need a large loan, look for a micro-loan lender. Micro loans are under $35,000 and are repayable over six years. Interest rates range from 8 to 13 percent and require collateral as well as a personal guarantee.

3. Locate retail space. Ideal retail space should be in a high-traffic area and have sufficient parking. Consider leasing space in a strip mall, rather than a traditional mall to save money, or look into leasing kiosk space. You'll want to have enough room to display your mobile phone devices and accessories, as well as room for inventory storage.

4. Register your mobile phone retail company. Visit your state's business development or secretary of state's office to file Articles of Incorporation, which you can write online at a legal documentation service, such as Legal Zoom and Legal Docs. These services also file your documentation.

File your DBA (doing business as) or fictitious name with the county or state. In some states, like Florida, DBA or fictitious names are filed on the state level, while in Texas, registration occurs within the county. Apply for an Employer Identification Number with the IRS and then you can open a business checking account.

Tags: mobile phone, business plan, mobile phone, mobile phone users, phone retailers, phone users, retail space

The Effects Of Silicone Butt Implants On The Body

Buttock implants have a number of different effects on the body.

Butt or buttock implants are for men and women who want to create a more rounded physique on their buttock region, as many people find this attractive. Like other areas of the body where implants are used, buttock implants entail adding silicone into the buttock region under the skin. There are a number of effects this type of cosmetic surgery has on the body.

Post Surgery Side Effects

There are a number of side effects that most people who have buttock implants experience in the first few weeks. These side effects include soreness and some bleeding through the incisions made to insert the implants themselves, but this often heals with proper care. However, infection can occur in these areas and, if it does, should be treated by a doctor immediately. There may often be a certain amount of numbness initially associated with the butt implants due to the surgery and the body getting used to them. More feeling will come back to the buttock region over time if the surgery was done properly and the body adheres to the implants.

Capsular Contracture

Capsular contracture occurs when the scar around the bottom of the buttocks and the implants contracts significantly and has a hard feel to it. This will be uncomfortable to the touch and when moving or sitting. When this occurs, the scar tissue will often have to be scored or removed, which means more surgery. In severe cases, the entire buttock implant will have to be removed and replaced by another, which is even more stressful and painful to the patient. There is no way to really know if this is going to occur or not after having the initial implant surgery, though surgeons know reduce the chances of capsular contracture.

Asymmetry

Due to the fact that the buttocks is used and compressed regularly for sitting, these implants can sometimes become misshaped, causing the buttocks itself to become misshaped. If this occurs, one of two things have happened: the implants themselves have shifted due to a repeated action or intense pressure, or the implants have broken and may be leaking into the body, which will cause them to become malleable and misshapen. In both cases, the asymmetrical buttocks will effect how someone walks, as well as look cosmetically strange to most people. The only way to fix this is to have surgery done to replace the buttock implants.

Tags: buttock implants, buttock region, become misshaped, implants have, implants themselves, most people, surgery body

Tour Brazil & Argentina

Touring Brazil and Argentina takes a lot of research.

Planning a trip to Brazil and Argentina depends primarily on three things; the length of the trip, the budget and whether or not you speak Spanish and Portuguese. It would take a lifetime to explore what both Brazil and Argentina have to offer fully, so it is necessary to first narrow down the regions and features you most wish to see before making reservations and itineraries. Traveling safely and smartly is the best way to enjoy South America's largest countries.

Instructions

1. Obtain your legal documentation. In order to travel to both Brazil and Argentina you must have a valid U.S. passport. Americans are required to obtain a travel visa in order to enter Brazil. The visa must be obtained ahead of time through the Brazilian Consulate General covering your state of residence. A Brazilian tourist visa costs $140 and is valid for 10 years from the date of issuance. Americans are not required to obtain a tourist visa in order to enter Argentina. Upon entering Argentina, however, a 90-day tourist visa will be entered in your passport at no charge.

2. Study basic Spanish and Portuguese phrases and purchase phrasebooks and dictionaries. Before heading to South America, know that English will not get you through in most situations. If you are not part of a guided tour group and have no Argentinian or Brazilian contacts, then you need to have some basic way of communicating Spanish and Portuguese as English is common only in the younger generations. Prepare yourself for situations in which to call a taxi, order a meal, get directions, ask how much something costs, ask the time and ask if a person knows speak English. There are many travel phrase books available at bookstores and travel shops.

3. Research the locations and transportation method most suitable to you. Brazil and Argentina are massive countries with diverse populations, cities, climates and attractions. It is impossible to see all of what both countries have to offer in one trip, so you have to do research and narrow down what you most want to see. Many Brazilian and Argentinian cities are interconnected by bus systems, however, and domestic flights can also be booked. The major tourism cities in Brazil include the infamous Rio de Janeiro, the colonial mining city of Ouro Preto in Minas Gerais State, Salvador in Bahia, the colonial beach city of Fortaleza in Ceara and Manaus in Amazonas, the largest city in the Amazon Rainforest. In Argentina, the European-style capital of Buenos Aires, the colonial city of Cordoba, and the wine growing province of Mendoza and backpacking in the mountainous regions of the Andes are all top touring destinations.

4. Budget your trip and make reservations. As with traveling to most countries, making hostel or hotel reservations ahead of time is the best way to go. In Brazil, an alternative to hostels and hotels are the bread and breakfast style poussadas that run cheaper than hotels though more expensive than hostels. Budgeting travel through Brazil and Argentina is favorable compared to many international destinations as U.S. currency converts to a much greater value in Brazilian Reals and Argentine Peso.

5. Prepare yourself for the culture change and be safe. Theft against tourists is high in Brazil and Argentinia, particularly in the heavy tourist areas of Rio and Buenos Aires. When visiting both countries, keep your guard up at all time. Never leave anything unattended at a restaurant or on the beach, always zip your bag or keep purse closed, leave your important documents such as passports in the hotel room lock box, carry travelers checks or visa cash cards with you daily instead of your whole wallet and never walk around alone at night.

Tags: Brazil Argentina, Spanish Portuguese, tourist visa, ahead time, Americans required, Americans required obtain

Ask A Doctor For Help

You should not be afriad to ask your doctor questions about your health and well being.

Talking to a doctor can be a daunting proposition for many people. There is a fear that asking questions may appear silly or a waste of time. Doctors, however, do not typically feel that way and almost all of them encourage their patients to come to them with any and all questions that they may have. Knowing prepare and ask your doctors the questions you seek answers to and the help you need will provide you with an overall better relationship with your physician.

Instructions

1. Schedule an appointment with your doctor. Make it clear to the receptionist or appointment scheduler that you need an appointment to talk with your doctor about a few key medical questions that you have and explain that you are seeking your doctors input and help. Request either an in office appointment or a phone consultation. Write down the date and time of the scheduled appointment.

2. Make a detailed list of all medical conditions that you currently have and any in your past. Make the list so the information flows in chronological order. For example, you would list that you had a child in 1998 and then a hysterectomy in 2002 and your appendix out in 2006. Make your list as detailed as possible so that your doctor can review your medical history.

3. Make a detailed list of all questions or concerns that you have and all topics that you need help with. For example, if you are a pre-menopausal woman and are concerned about symptoms and signs of menopause; you would write down questions such as: What are the first signs of menopause? What are some signs that mask themselves as menopause but should be a cause for concern? What are some treatment options that I can start now to counteract the effects of menopause?

4. Compile research such as articles and fact sheets about topics that you want to discuss. For example, if you need to talk to your doctor about alternate treatments for diabetes you would print out information by an accredited association such as the American Diabetes Association. Highlight areas of the information printed so that you remember what you need to discuss.

5. Get a good nights sleep before your discussion with your doctor. Do not be afraid to ask follow up questions or ask your doctor to clarify things said to you that you do not understand. Remember that your doctor is there to help you with your overall health and knowledge is a part of your total well being.

Tags: your doctor, with your, with your doctor, detailed list, doctor about, help with

Pennsylvania Health Insurance Questions

Pennsylvania residents have the right to buy health insurance that will help pay for any hospital stays they may need.

Pennsylvania residents have access to health insurance either through their employer or individual plans that they may purchase. The Pennsylvania Insurance Department regulates insurance companies in the state and answers consumers' questions on its website and through a toll-free number (877-881-6388). The state follows federal insurance laws as well as enforcing some of its own.

Can Anyone Buy Individual Insurance?

In Pennsylvania, all residents have the right to buy individual insurance plans through Blue Cross and Blue Shield on a guaranteed-issue basis. Certain factors such as pre-existing conditions may limit your choice of plans, and force you to wait through an exclusion period. Residents who are eligible for coverage through HIPAA, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, would not have to wait through an exclusion period.

What Factors Help You Avoid the Waiting Period?

You may buy individual coverage from Blue Cross and Blue Shield with no waiting period for pre-existing conditions if you had 18 months of continuous coverage with no break of 63 days or longer, and during which at least the last day was under a group health plan. You also must have used up your COBRA continuation coverage, not be eligible for Medicare, Medicaid or any group health plan, and have no other health insurance.

What Are State Laws Regarding Pre-Existing Conditions?

If you change jobs and get coverage through a group plan with your new employer, your new insurance company may impose no more than one 12-month waiting period for any pre-existing condition for which you have received a diagnosis and treatment in the previous six months. The new insurance company must credit your prior insurance coverage toward the waiting period if you maintained continuous coverage with a break of no more than 63 days. That means if you had group coverage for a year with a break of no more than 63 days, the new insurance company may impose no exclusion period.

What Is A Self-Funded Group Plan?

The majority of employers buy group health plans through private insurance companies and pass along costs to employees. However, some employers may use company funds to pay employees' health-care expenses. The federal government regulates self-funded plans, while the Pennsylvania government regulates private insurance plans. Self-funded plans might not offer the same benefits as private plans.

Who is Eligible for Medicaid?

Pennsylvania residents are eligible for Medicaid if they meet certain requirements that relate to finances and status. Residents are eligible if they meet the income and resource thresholds and are age 65 and older, blind or disabled; have kids under age 21; or have other qualifying factors such as a temporary disability. Income and resources may not exceed a certain level depending on your eligibility category. For example, families with an infant may not have income that exceeds 185 percent of the federal poverty level. Families with children between ages 1 and 6 may not have income that exceeds 133 percent of the federal poverty level.

What are Other State-Subsizidied Insurance Programs?

CHIP, or the Children's Health Insurance Program, is a way for kids in Pennsylvania who have not yet turned 19 to have access to health insurance if their families' income is too high to qualify for Medicaid but too low to afford a policy through a private company. Another program, adultBasic, is for adults between the ages of 19 and 64 who meet income and other eligibility requirements.

Tags: Pennsylvania residents, exclusion period, group health, insurance company, more than, Pennsylvania residents have

Job Description Emergency Room Physician

Emergency room physicians have high stress lives.

Emergency room physicians evaluate and treat patients with a wide variety of injuries and illnesses. These physicians work in high stress environments where one incorrect diagnosis can mean losing the life of a patient. These highly trained individuals must have knowledge in many areas of medicine and be able to make rapid, committed decisions.

Education/Training

Those wishing to pursue a career as an emergency room physician must complete many years of education and intense training. He must first obtain a four-year undergraduate degree in a science-related field, taking those courses required for entry into medical school. After graduation from medical school, a four-year endeavor, the candidate must then be accepted into an emergency medicine residency program. These programs also last four years or more.

Credentials/Licensing

Physicians wishing to complete certification requirement for emergency medicine must first hold an unrestricted license to practice medicine in general. If he is more than one year out of the emergency medicine residency program, he must provide proof of continuing education as well. Those just graduating from the emergency medicine residency program are not required to hold a general license to practice medicine. Once the exam is passed, the physician will be board certified and properly credentialed to practice as an emergency room physician.

Duties

Emergency room physicians use their wide breadth of knowledge to diagnose and treat patients presenting with acute illnesses, moderate to severe injuries, drug overdoses, poisoning and more. They must make competent and accurate decisions under extreme stress. Trauma patients or those presenting with severe illness must be stabilized by the emergency room physician before transferring to an intensive care unit, surgery or other areas.

Sub-specialty Certifications

Many sub-specialties exist for board certified emergency medicine physicians as well. These include pediatric emergency medicine, medical toxicology and trauma certifications. Obtaining these certifications will prevent the physician from having to call for a separate pediatric specialist, for example. This can save valuable time, and save a life.

Considerations

Board-certified emergency room physicians have one of the most rewarding positions in the medical field; however, they often work irregular hours in 12-hour shifts. They sacrifice personal time and time with loved ones helping others. This high stress and emotionally charged environment does not suit everyone pursuing a career as a physician.

Job Outlook/Salary

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), jobs for physicians and surgeons of all types werel expected to grow 22 percent from 2008 to 2018. The BLS expected job openings to grow during this period due to the retirement of many physicians. Average salary for physicians with specialties, such as emergency room physicians, were $339,738 in 2008.

Tags: emergency medicine, room physicians, emergency medicine residency, emergency room, emergency room physician, Emergency room physicians, high stress

Prevent Proteinuria

Protein is an essential part of a healthy body, as it helps to transport hormones, food and other component through the blood, but when protein levels increase above normal, it causes a condition known as proteinuria. Proteinuria is caused when the kidneys become damaged; therefore, a few practical steps can help you become aware of your risk and prevent problems with excess protein.

Instructions

1. Know if you are at risk for proteinuria so that you can take steps to prevent a problem. Proteinuria most often occurs in people with systemic lupus, diabetes, liver infection or disease, long-term hypertension or those receiving chemotherapy. If you feel you are at risk for proteinuria, speak to your doctor about your concerns.

2. Get regular blood and urine tests if you feel that you are at risk for proteinuria. One of the most important steps to prevention is awareness. Getting regular check-ups will not only help to treat a problem as soon as it appears, it can also help you to monitor your preventative care as you will be able to see if protein levels increase or decrease as a reaction to your efforts.

3. Drink water. While we hear almost everyday how important it is to get plenty of water, dehydration in combination with a medical condition which puts you at risk for high levels of protein in the blood only makes your chances of developing proteinuria more likely. Make sure that you drink at least 1 cup of water for every 50 lb. of body weight each and everyday.

4. Keep your condition controlled if you happen to have hypertension, diabetes or both. While these conditions put you at risk for proteinuria, you can prevent a problem by using your medication, a healthy diet and exercise to keep your symptoms under control. If you are struggling with your symptoms, speak to your doctor as soon as possible for ways to further manage your condition.

5. Balance your diet. As a general rule, doctors recommend that people at risk for proteinuria balance their daily diets with 50 percent carbohydrates, 15 to 20 percent protein and about 30 percent healthy fats.

6. Eat lots of fiber, up to 55g each day in the form of whole grains, fresh vegetables and even supplements if necessary. Fiber helps to prevent the build up of toxins in the body, giving your liver a well deserved break; however, if you are at risk for proteinuria, make sure that you avoid fiber sources which are high in magnesium and potassium.

Tags: risk proteinuria, levels increase, prevent problem, protein levels, protein levels increase, speak your, speak your doctor

What Exercises Help Shrink Fibroids

Fibroids are noncancerous growths in the uterus that occur in as many as 20 percent of women. Fibroids can vary widely in size, ranging from something microscopically small to weighing as much as several pounds. While fibroids are benign in nature, they can still result in unwanted complications such as difficulty conceiving and even infertility. While there are medical procedures available to treat fibroids, a noninvasive, natural solution involves adopting a rigorous exercise regime.

Fibroids and Exercise

Understand the connection between fibroids and exercise to increase your chances of using regular training to help with your condition. According to the site MedicalHealthGuide.com, regular exercise can, at the very least, help to alleviate the symptoms of existing fibroids or prevent the development of new fibroids. In some rare cases, exercise alone can help to reduce the size of existing fibroids, helping you to regain control over your life without the necessity of resorting to expensive medical procedures.

Exercise Plan

Choose an exercise to which you can adhere for the foreseeable future, as training away your fibroids relies more on durational requirements than any one specific exercise regime. The target goal for which you should shoot is at least four hours per week of regular exercise at a minimum. In this context, exercise means any activity of moderate duration that will help you to break a mild sweat while training. Good examples include brisk (power) walking, Pilates, yoga, aerobics, jogging, or any other form of low-impact conditioning. In beginning your training, remember that moderation is the key. If you have not trained in some time you will want to start slowly and work your way up--you will not cure your fibroids overnight with sheer intensity, so do not make the mistake of training too hard in the beginning of your program and burning out prematurely. Also note that while four hours of weekly exercise is the minimum, you should shoot for more to achieve optimal results; so as your conditioning level increases, feel free to correspondingly increase the intensity or duration of your chosen activity.

Tags: beginning your, exercise minimum, exercise regime, existing fibroids, four hours, medical procedures

Employee Health Insurance Regulations

Health-related benefits are a major concern for many people. And health benefits provided by an employer have for some time been a somewhat common piece of the average business's compensation package. Federal laws govern an employee's rights in regard to health benefits.

Facts

According to the Department of Labor, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) is the federal law that sets the minimum standards for retirement and health benefit plans for private industry. It requires that plan managers and fiduciaries meet certain standards of conduct. Also it contains provisions for participant disclosure and government reporting. In addition, it provides assurances that plan funds are protected and that qualified participant receive their benefits.

Significance

Even though the practice of providing health benefits to their employees is fairly common, employers are under no requirement by law to do so. But once health benefits are provided, the health-plan enforcement regulations and federal anti-discrimination laws ensure the protection of rights for those employees under health plans. This includes medical, dental, disability and life insurance plans.

Function

The two main functions of employee health regulations are the assurance that anti-discrimination is practiced and that ERISA and general health insurance rights are enforced. Health-benefits coverage cannot be made on the basis of the employee or her dependent's gender, race, age, nationality, religion or disability. And if an employer decides to offer a health-benefits plan, they must run it in accordance with the standards outlined in the ERISA.

Considerations

Employee health regulation, like most forms of regulation, has its own path of evolution over time. Several significant amendments have been made to it. One is the Consolidation Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) of 1985, which provides some employees with the right to continue their coverage under an employer-sponsored group health plan after termination. Another is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996, which prohibits a plan from refusing to cover an employee with a pre-existing medical condition.

Warning

According to the National Coalition on Health Care, the total cost for employers could reach nearly $850 billion by 2019. The rising cost of health care has made it difficult for employers to continue to provide health coverage. Since ERISA does not require employers to provide health-related benefits, this may leave many employees with no health-related benefits at their workplaces.

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Prepare For A Pelvic Ultrasound

Pelvic ultrasounds are frequently done to diagnose gynecological problems. The uterus and ovaries can be seen well using two methods: transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound. Transabdominal ultrasound is done by placing a camera on the lower abdomen and looking through the bladder. It is ideal for finding larger abnormalities. Transvaginal ultrasound is done by inserting a camera vaginally to get a closer look at the pelvic organs. It is best for seeing smaller abnormalities and for examining the pelvic organs in greater detail.

It is necessary to have a full bladder for the transabdominal ultrasound. For this reason, a bladder prep has been designed to minimize the time the patient will have to hold her bladder.

Instructions

1. One hour before the exam, empty your bladder. The fluid that is in your bladder at this point is not needed for the exam. After going to the bathroom, start drinking 32 ounces of water.

2. Fifty to 45 minutes before the exam, finish drinking the 32 ounces of water. By doing this, you will give the water time to move through the body and fill the bladder just before the exam.

3. Arrive at the hospital or clinic 15 minutes early. This will give you time to register and arrive at the proper place on time. Ultrasound appointments are generally on time.

4. The first part of the ultrasound will be the transabdominal ultrasound. This is the part that requires the full bladder. After this part of the exam is finished, you will be allowed to go to the bathroom to empty your bladder.

5. If the transvaginal ultrasound is required, you will be asked to undress from the waist down. You will be provided with either a sheet or a gown.

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