Tourmaline is often mistaken for other types of gemstones, but it is distinguished by certain intriguing electrical properties. Tourmaline can display a wide range or colors, which it acquired, according to ancient legend, by traveling the length of the rainbow. But the black variety has been believed through the ages to have special properties all its own.
Identification
Heating or compressing a tourmaline crystal---by rubbing it between your hands, for example---generates a different electrical charge at each end, causing the ends to attract dust. The ends of the crystal have different shapes, helping to make the stone recognizable. Rubbing black tourmaline brings luck and happiness.
Considerations
Black tourmaline helps you access your root chakra, or energy center. Artists and writers historically have worn this stone to inspire creativity.
Protection
The black stone wards off negativity and protects a person form radiation, electromagnetic smog, and black magic spells.
Benefits
Black tourmaline enhances a person's awareness. The stone also helps heal gout, arthritis and the immune system.
Emotional Benefits
The stone lessens the effects of fear and obsessions in those who work with it on a regular basis.
In order to teach seniors about health issues, you must know things to consider when teaching senior patients. You also should teach them about things that are of interest and will improve their health and well being.
Atmosphere For Learning
Make the senior patient feel comfortable with learning the material you, as the teacher, have to present. The senior patients should think that they can express their thoughts and ideas without fear of embarrassment. Motivate seniors by making them feel they need to learn the material you are discussing.
Techniques For Teaching
Use techniques like practice exercises, simulations, role playing, real life situations to problem solve, group discussions and personal journals. Learning new things becomes more meaningful to senior patients when they relate it to their past experiences.
Barriers To Senior Patients Learning
Each senior has different deficits that might affect his learning. As seniors age, they experience vision changes and hearing loss. Make sure the senior patient can see and hear what you are teaching.
Senior patients may learn at a slower pace. Make sure they understand the material you are presenting before moving on to new material.
Some may experience short tem memory loss. Using verbal, visual, and gestural cues help those with short term memory loss learn better.
Eating Right
Teach senior patients the importance of eating right. This includes eating food from the four major food groups (healthy grains, fruits and vegetables, proteins and dairy products). Their diet should include variety, balance and moderation. They may be tempted to eat junk and processed food. Discourage this practice.
Dealing With Chronic Pain
Many senior patients have chronic pain. Learning to manage it goes a long way in preventing falls according to a study in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Pain contributes to an overall decline in health and muscle weakness, which limits a senior's mobility. Chronic pain may be a huge distraction and makes senior patients less aware of hazards. Make sure the senior addresses her pain early with the help of a healthcare professional.
Beating Depression
A common problem of many senior patients is depression. Teaching senior patients these things will help them beat depression. Talk to them about volunteering because this will help them socialize and give to others thus improving their mood. Encourage them to talk about their feelings with a professional. Teach them the warning signs of depression. They include lack of interest, frequent crying, persistent sadness, appetite changes, sleeping too much or inability to sleep, feelings of worthlessness, and suicidal thoughts.
Tags: senior patients, Make sure, Health Patient, Health Patient Teaching, help them, Make sure senior
A health care worker who operates a CAT scan machine (known as a CAT scan technician) must go through several years of education before being certified to do so. The exact amount of education required varies from state to state, but the general requirements are the same regardless of where you seek certification.
Radiography Program
The first step to becoming certified as a CAT scan technician is to complete a radiography program accredited by the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology. Depending on the state, this program can range from a certificate program or a two-year associate's degree, all the way up to a four-year bachelor of science degree. An associate's degree is the most common requirement.
Courses
Radiography programs are science-based, so their courses are based in the sciences. Students are expected to have a proficient knowledge of at least high school-level math, physics, biology and chemistry. Courses in a radiography program include anatomy and physiology, patient care procedures, radiation physics, radiation protection, principles of imaging, medical terminology, positioning of patients, medical ethics, radiobiology and pathology.
Licensing
To protect patients from the potential hazards of exposure to radioactive elements, CAT scan technicians must be licensed with their specific state. Each state's licensing procedure differs (see Resources), but in general, the technician must contact his state's radiology board, provide it with proof of education and pass an examination.
Certification
Some employers and states also require that their radiology technicians become professionally certified after they complete their radiology program and become licensed. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists certifies CAT scan techniciansafter they pass an examination but requires that they obtain 24 hours of continuing education every two years to maintain their certification. Though certification is not universally required to become a CAT scan technician, it is generally preferred.
Des Moines University offers a free basic medical terminology training web program.
Medical terminology training provides the basics of the specialized vocabulary used by health care professionals. It is often a required college course for medical-related fields of study such as nursing, medical assisting, medical coding and billing, emergency medical technician or medical transcriptionist. The root words of many medical terms are of Latin origin. A medical terminology course will teach students separate the very large words common to the medical field into root words, prefixes and suffixes and decipher the meaning of each.
Function
Medical terminology training is intended to provide knowledge of word construction, spelling, pronunciation, and the definition and use of medical terms related to health care professions and all areas of medical science. Typically medical terminology courses are designed to teach the student the basics of anatomy (human body), surgical procedures, diagnostic procedures, pathology (nature of disease), pharmacology (study of drugs) and symptomatology (disease symptoms). Students will be able to make use of and translate medical terms in oral and written communication within professional application situations.
Online Training
There are a number of online training courses available. Allied Medical Schools offers a medical terminology training course on their website , and Des Moines University offers a medical terminology web program. At CorExcel.com you can enroll in a fully-accredited, self-paced medical terminology course (see Resources for all).
Students are given access to the online course for one full year and they can receive a certificate of completion and 9.5 Continuing Education Units (CEUs). Some of the online courses are offered through partnerships with major universities and colleges.
Community College
Many community colleges have medical terminology courses available, typically consisting of a 12- to 16-week program. Generally with courses offered through community colleges you can earn three units of college credit or roughly 2.2 Continuing Education Units. College credits may or may not be transferable to other colleges or universities.
Cost
The average cost for medical terminology training through an online course can range from completely free to $45 for a very basic course with no certificate upon completion. Other online programs that include a certificate for Continuing Education Credits or college credits range from $129 to $450. The costlier programs typically offer courses that may be accredited (given official approval) and include required textbooks and any applicable certification testing fees. Some programs offer financial assistance if needed. Education Portal lists several free basic courses on line (see Resources).
Benefits
With an aging population and continual advancements in the medical field, there is a need for qualified medical professionals with an understanding of medical terminology. A solid understanding of medical terms and their meanings is critical when you are already in or are considering a career in the health care industry. For those already employed in the health care field, medical terminology training can provide an increased understanding of the language and procedures used in a medical practice. A strong knowledge of medical terminology will promote better communication and understanding between staff and practitioners.
At CBTPlanet.com you can hire qualified instructors to conduct a medical terminology course on site at your location with a maximum of 15 students per course.
Tags: medical terminology, terminology training, medical terminology, health care, medical terminology training
A radiologists is a medical profession that uses ionizing radiation to create x-rays of patients.
Education Portal lists the top three Radiology Programs in the U.S. at the University of Charleston, Iowa and St. Francis. Each school offers an undergraduate degree in radiology. According to US News and World Report, radiology technologists are in a growing field. With a growing population of elderly, radiology technologists and other medical professionals are in demand.
The University of Charleston
The University of Charleston (U of C) offers a program in Radiologic Science. This Bachelor of Science degree requires 128 credits for completion. Students here will also complete 1,250 hours clinical experience. U of C's program also prepares their students for the credential test by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT). The ARRT tests, certifies, administers continuing education and ethics requirements for all radiology technologists.
University of Charleston
UC Radiologic Science Degree Program
2300 MacCorkle Ave. SE
Charleston WV, 25304
304-357-4839
ucwv.edu
The University of Iowa
The University of Iowa (U of I) has one of the largest university owned teaching hospitals. This teaching hospital is the primary medical location for the Radiation Sciences Bachelor's degree program. U of I's program lasts for 24 months and 124 credits. Graduates from U of I have a 100 percent pass rate on the ARRT certification exams for the last 10 years.
University of Iowa
Department of Radiology
Hospitals and Clinics
200 Hawkins Drive
Iowa City, IA 52242
319-353-8388
medicine.uiowa.edu
The University of St. Francis
The University of St. Francis offers a Bachelor's degree in the Science of Radiography. Students here will complete two years of liberal and pre-professional science courses. Once the first two years are completed, students apply to the Swedish American Health System in Rockford, Illinois to complete their degree. Sixty-four credits are required, 12 semester hours for the pre-professional science courses and 52 semester hours the liberal education courses.
University of St. Francis
500 Wilcox St.
Joliet, IL 60435
800-735-7500
stfrancis.edu
Tags: University Charleston, radiology technologists, University Francis, University Iowa, Bachelor degree
Phase IV breast cancer is late stage breast cancer. In stage IV, the cancer has generally spread to the lymph nodes, liver, lungs and bones. According to the American Cancer Society, "most breast cancer is detected before stage IV."
Symptoms
Typical symptoms of stage IV breast cancer may include headache, weight loss, neurological pain, bone pain and shortness of breath.
Survival Rate
Typically, stage IV breast cancer has a low five-year survival rate. Stage IV breast cancer, according to the American Cancer Society, has a "20 percent survival rate."
Treatment
Treatment of stage IV breast cancer may include chemotherapy, hormone therapy, radiation therapy, mastectomy, or a combination of these therapies.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of stage IV breast cancer is normally done using imaging testing and biopsy.
Clinical Trials
Clinical trial research is dependent on patients. It is through research that new treatments are found. Clinic trials for persons with stage IV breast cancer can be found in the reference section of this article.
Tags: stage breast cancer, breast cancer, breast cancer, stage breast, stage breast, American Cancer
The idea of a health fair is to engage the public. This engagement can include having visitors sign up for gift drawings, newsletters or upcoming classes, or getting them to try health food snacks. At least one anchor or sponsor booth should offer reusable bags so that the guests have a way to store all their freebies.
Skin Cancer Screening
Apply sunscreen year-round to prevent skin cancer.
Have a local hospital set up a booth where guests can have their face screened under ultraviolet light for skin cancer. Take this opportunity to educate the public about wearing sunscreen and offer other tips to keep in mind while enjoying the sun. Hand out samples of sunscreen.
Offer CPR Education
Keep arms straight when performing CPR.
Have the local ambulance or fire and rescue department host a booth offering demonstrations of CPR, and offer to teach CPR and give certificates on the spot. For those who do not want to do the breathing, there is a new type of CPR which involves just chest compressions. Have an ambulance or fire truck on hand and have the personnel give tours of these vehicles.
Stress Management
Yoga builds lean bodies and strong muscles.
Have massage therapists give 10-minute chair massages and educate the public about the benefits of therapeutic massage. If the therapists are willing, have them host a giveaway for a free massage. Bring in yoga and Pilates instructors who will give demonstrations and explain the benefits of yoga and Pilates to the public. Perhaps the local yoga or Pilates center can have a giveaway for a few free sessions.
Nutrition
Healthy eating needs to be paired with exercise for successful weight loss.
Have a licensed nutritionist partner up with the local health food store and host a booth. Topics for discussion or fliers can include healthy choices in snacks, the food pyramid and daily recommended calorie, carbohydrate and fat consumption. Offer samples of snacks from the health food store. The health food store can offer information on the benefits of eating organic foods and taking nutritional supplements. Grocery stores can host booths and offer healthy food snacks and have signup sheets for healthy cooking classes.
Tags: health food, food store, health food store, yoga Pilates, ambulance fire, educate public, educate public about
There are a range of unusual gifts for female doctors.
Nowadays female doctors are common in a profession that for many years was dominated by men. The first female doctor in the United States applied to 11 medical schools before she found one to accept her in 1847. Finding an unusual gift for female doctors requires a little bit of imagination, but a search on the Internet can turn up some interesting gifts that you can purchase directly online.
Bandages
There are a range of unusual Band-Aid-style bandages you can buy online. They are ideal for a female pediatrician, as they are fun for her to hand out to her patients or just to keep on display. Bandages with fairies, or bandages that look exactly like pickles make amusing gifts. Doctors are often asked for professional advice when in social circumstances, and "kiss-it-better" boo-boo bandages with an image of bright lips on each bandage could be a funny way for a female doctor to end a boring conversation. You could also find an online store that will make up personalized bandages with the female doctor's name printed on each with an amusing saying about women doctors.
Cosmetic Bag
A novel gift idea for a female doctor is a cosmetic bag that has an image or slogan that is designed specifically with a female doctor in mind. A cosmetic bag that has an image that looks like an X-ray of the bag's contents would be ideal for a female radiologist. If you want something really unusual, have something original printed on a cosmetic bag.
Female Doctor Wine Bottle Holder
If your female doctor is a wine connoisseur, then consider a wine bottle holder that is a sculpture of a female doctor. The wine bottle actually sits upright inside the body part of the metal sculpture, and the head is put on top of the bottle to complete this practical art work. It can also be used for bottles of other alcoholic beverages and is available at online stores.
Medical Symbol Earrings
Available online are earrings that have custom carved wooden medical symbols that feature a caduceus. These intricately carved earrings are an unusual gift for the female doctor and are good for someone who is environmentally conscious, as they are made from renewable and recycled materials. Alternatively, you can find a jeweler who works with silver and gems and have earrings or a pendant of the symbol made up together with the doctor's name.
Tags: female doctor, female doctors, cosmetic that, cosmetic that image, doctor name, doctor wine
help determine the presence and extent of a disease.
According to Ohio State University, a medical technologist is a laboratory scientist who is part of a medical team of specialists that works together to determine the presence, absence or extent of a disease. Medical technology training programs prepare students to become medical technologists, also called clinical laboratory scientists.
University of the Sciences in Philadelphia
The University of the Sciences in Philadelphia offers a medical technology program that is designed to help students enter the field as medical technologists upon graduation. This program requires four years of in-depth study and leads to a bachelor's degree. The school also offers an option to pursue the medical technology with forensic science program, which can be completed in four years as well. Students take courses that include hematology, human parasitology, clinical immunology, anatomy and physiology, clinical chemistry, and survey of biochemistry or molecular structure in biochemistry.
University of the Sciences in Philadelphia
600 S. 43rd St.
Philadelphia, PA 19104
215-596-8800
usp.edu
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Vanderbilt University Medical Center has a medical technology program that trains medical technologists in major clinical areas including hematology, clinical chemistry, immunopathology and microbiology. Classes run from June to June. Students are required to take this program on a full-time schedule with clinical rotation hours varying according to the actual laboratory sections. Upon successful completion of this program, students receive a certificate of achievement and can apply the courses they have taken toward a bachelor's degree.
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
1211 Medical Center Dr.
Nashville, TN 37232
615-322-5000
vanderbilt.edu
Ohio State University
Ohio State University has a medical technology program that prepares students for entry into a career as a certified medical technologist or for education beyond the baccalaureate level. This program offers three tracks of study: the certification track, the medical science track and the Medical Laboratory Technician (MLT ) articulation track. The certification track accepts 25 students annually and prepares students for laboratory work upon graduation and to become nationally registered as medical technologists. The medical science track is specifically for students who are seeking entry into post-baccalaureate or graduate programs. The MLT articulation track is for MLT and Clinical Laboratory Technician (CLT) students who need preparation for certification exams offered by the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) and the National Credentialing Agency for Laboratory Personnel (NCA).
Ohio State University
453 W. 10th Ave.
Columbus, OH 43210
614-292-1706
osu.edu
Tags: Medical Center, medical technologists, medical technology, Ohio State, Ohio State University, State University, medical technology program
Bar code scanners detect the black lines on a bar code.
Bar codes are common identification symbols for items such as products for sale, shipping cartons and blood donations. A bar code scanner translates the lines in a bar code into numbers, which correspond to specific items or products.
History
Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver patented the bar code on October 20, 1949. Bar codes became common for products in the 1970s. In 1974, Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, became the first grocery store with a bar code scanner.
Mechanics
Bar code scanners contain a row of light-emitting diodes. When the light from the bar code scanner hits the bar code, the scanner can sense which areas are light and which are dark. It translates the bar code into a string of binary: 0 for the light areas and 1 for the dark areas.
Translation
The bar code scanner's software translates the binary code into a number. A human reader can read this number from the bottom of the bar code. Scanning the bar code's lines, however, makes it easier to keep track of items than punching in a long numerical code.
In today's society, if a woman doesn't approve of the size and shape of her breast, she has options. She can go from an A cup to a triple cup size just by opting to go under the knife to increase the size of her breast. She can do this by way of saline breast implants. To some, looking beautiful and sexy means that one's breast must be perfect. Saline implants provide that risky option.
The Perfect Looking Breast
The Risky Side of Saline Breast Implants
Saline breast implants are one of the most popular beauty enhancers available. Females from all walks of life are choosing to improve upon the natural shape and size of their breast if they aren't happy with their appearance. However, you should know that this option does not come without risk factors. Breast implants involve surgery that last anywhere from 2 to 3 hours. The known risk factors of such surgery involves such things as infections, excessive bleeding, rupture or deflation of the implant, breast sensitivity or the lack of and the possibility of encountering saline breast implants that leak.
Leaky Breast Implants
All breast implants regardless of what kind you have will leak or break sooner or later. Also, the older the breast implant is the more likely these kinds of issues will erupt. For saline breaks, the leaks will flow more rapidly, causing an instant deflation. If there is no fungus or bacteria in the implant, the body will absorb the saline. However, if it contains bacteria or fungus, problems can arise with infections. You will know immediately if your implant is leaking because of the change in the appearance of the breast.
The Problem with Infections
After having this kind of surgery procedure performed, it is not uncommon for a woman to experience soreness and redness in the breast area. However, if these symptoms exist after the allotted time of recuperation, it could mean an infection has taken place, especially when antibiotics do not ease the condition. If you have pain, fever, chills and the entire breast has reddened in color, according to Dr. Jeffry Zwiren MD, who is a plastic surgeon in Atlanta Georgia, you most likely have an infection within the breast implant itself. You will have to have the implant removed, for there is no antibiotic fix for an infection within a saline breast implant.
Symptoms of Capsular Contracture
When addressing breast implant issues, another risk that one may face is that of capsular contracture, this occurs when the body automatically detects the foreign body matter such as the breast implant. The body will begin to encase the implant with collagen fibers to protect the body against the foreign intruder. This condition will cause the breast to harden, become disfigured looking and the breast will become severely painful. Many plastic surgeons believe that this condition arises from the implant being placed under the pectoral muscles.
Bleeding and Saline Implants
Though there are risk factors associated with saline breast implants, looking good can also leave you with chronic breast pain and scarring. You stand the chance having additional surgeries to correct errors, infections and deflation. However, there is another complication, that of bleeding or hematoma occurring as a pocket of blood within the wound area of the implant. This condition causes the breast to swell. There is severe breast pain that does not subside with pain medication. If the hematoma is a large mass in the breast, the breast will have to be drained of the sack of blood.
Tags: breast implant, risk factors, body will, breast implants, Breast Implants, breast implants, breast pain
Before you go under the knife: will your insurance pay for your procedure?
Plastic surgery is either cosmetic or reconstructive. Health insurance policies usually don’t cover cosmetic plastic surgery: it’s not considered medically necessary. Reconstructive surgery is usually covered by insurance policies but levels of coverage vary among providers and policies, according to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS).
Cosmetic versus Reconstructive Surgery
A nose job may be cosmetic and reconstructive if it corrects breathing.
Cosmetic surgery is meant to give new shape to normal body parts in order to improve appearance, confidence and self-esteem according to ASPS.
Reconstructive surgery is performed to improve appearance and function on abnormal body parts. Reasons for reconstructive surgery include trauma from an accident; disfigurement due to tumors, infection or disease; and defects of birth or development.
Gray Areas of Coverage
Mental health is a hard case to back up in terms of cosmetic surgery coverage.
Gray areas refer to plastic surgery that can be considered cosmetic and reconstructive. Having eyelid surgery may improve appearance and improve vision; nose surgery could correct breathing difficulties; a breast reduction might resolve back pain; or a tummy tuck could lower heart disease risk for an obese patient.
Medical documentation is required for an insurance company to consider whether to cover plastic surgery, to decide if there are valid medical reasons to have the surgery.
A plastic surgeon follows a code of ethics, according to the ASPS, and won’t try to misrepresent a cosmetic surgery as a medically necessary one.
The Fine Print
A drooping eyelid might be uncomfortable but surgery still isn't medically necessary.
Plastic surgeon Frank Meronk, Jr. says that it isn’t easy to get gray areas covered today. Even though a line of fine print in your insurance policy may talk about coverage of surgery meant to rectify "significant changes that impact on vision of the health of the eyes," this doesn’t mean your eyelid surgery will be covered.
The obscuring of vision must be severe and vision tests are looked at with a fine tooth comb, according to Dr. Meronk. Even if you do manage to qualify for coverage, your insurance company will likely only cover the minimum amount of surgery to correct the problem. That won’t be enough to improve appearance in the way a cosmetic procedure would, and few plastic surgeons are willing to forgo full payment.
Apply for Coverage
Your doctor can help you determine what will be covered by insurance.
Your doctor will send a preauthorization letter to your insurance company, detailing the procedure, the diagnosis and the fees. Your insurance company will review your case and base coverage on what portion (if any) of the procedure is medically necessary. The company then will reply with authorization for the procedure based on what is covered through your health plan. You don’t need permission; you can still go ahead with everything as long as you realize what costs you are responsible for.
Appealing Decisions
Look over your insurance policy carefully.
You can appeal the decision about coverage made by your insurance company. First read your policy carefully. If there is a specific statement in your plan that excludes the type of care you’re fighting for; you won’t get very far in your appeal.
The ASPS recommends writing a letter to the claims supervisor who signed the denial notification and explaining why coverage was denied and why you think the procedure should be covered. Ask for your request to be reviewed by an ASPS-certified plastic surgeon and ask for a copy of the specific statement in your policy that explains why coverage was denied.
Attach all of the paperwork: you doctor’s preauthorization letter, the denial and a position paper from your doctor. An ASPS position letter explains the procedure and the reasons it is done.
Don’t settle for vague responses. You have a right to see specific policy language that explains why your coverage was denied and these restrictions must have been in place when you first began your policy.
Attach duplicates of your correspondence to a letter to the insurance commissioner in your home state.
ENT is an abbreviation used to refer to doctors who treat the ear, nose and throat.
The health care field can be confusing for patients. As you research conditions and treatments, you encounter many types of care providers, hundreds of possible diagnoses and medications, and lots of abbreviations. While most people recognize that M.D. stands for doctor of medicine, some other abbreviations used to differentiate doctors aren't as well-known.
DO
DO stands for doctor of osteopathic medicine. The American Medical Association Web site notes that just like an M.D., a DO is a physician. "Osteopathic physicians focus on preventive health care," notes the American Osteopathic Association. It says DOs "practice a 'whole person' approach to medicine" and can prescribe drugs and perform surgery.
DC
This abbreviation stands for doctor of chiropractic. These doctors often try to resolve neck, back and joint pain and problems related to patients' musculoskeletal and nervous systems. The American Chiropractic Association notes its practitioners "practice a drug-free, hands-on approach to health care that includes patient examination, diagnosis and treatment." The association's Web site says chiropractors "are also trained to recommend therapeutic and rehabilitative exercises, as well as to provide nutritional, dietary and lifestyle counseling."
DDS and DMD
DDS and DMD are abbreviations that refer to dentists.
DDS stands for doctor of dental surgery, while DMD represents doctor of dental medicine. The American Dental Association notes that both types of doctors are general dentists, with the same educational background. The association says some dental schools award the DDS degree, while others confer the DMD.
Dentists offer preventive care for your teeth and mouth and treat problems such as cavities, fractured teeth and gum disease.
OD
This abbreviation is given to a doctor of optometry, who examines patients' eyes and diagnoses injuries and diseases. The American Optometric Association notes that these doctors can prescribe glasses, contacts and medication, and they may also perform surgery. These doctors complete undergraduate degrees plus four years at a college of optometry.
ENT
This term refers to doctors who are ear, nose and throat specialists, although they may also treat the head and neck. Their actual medical specialty is otolaryngology, and these doctors can perform surgery in addition to providing more basic treatment. The American Academy of Otolaryngology notes on its Web site that "their special skills include diagnosing and managing diseases of the sinuses, larynx (voice box), oral cavity, and upper pharynx (mouth and throat), as well as structures of the neck and face."
OB/GYN
An OB/GYN can help a patient deliver a healthy baby.
This hybrid abbreviation stands for obstetrics and gynecology, two fields dealing with the female reproductive system. Gynecology focuses on women's general health, including screening for cancer of the breasts, ovaries and cervix. Gynecologists may also assist patients with preventing pregnancies, coping with sexual function problems and urinary tract concerns. Obstetrics focuses on pregnancy, labor and delivery, including proper care of the mother to facilitate the healthy development of the baby in her womb.
Tags: stands doctor, Association notes, health care, notes that, perform surgery
When interviewing for a residency, standing out is important.
The residency stage in your medical journey is indeed a pivotal point in your career. As the Uslmestep website points out, this is not the time to relax. The interview for the residency, the last step before you become a physician, requires much preparation. You must place travel plans into your budget, as well as prepare for what questions the residency committee may ask you or for what you wish to ask them.
Research
Research the residency program in which you are interested. In so doing, you will find it easier to prepare for the part of the interview that allows you to ask questions about the program. The committee for the residency program is more likely to have an interest in you as a candidate if you ask your questions in a way that suggests that you are knowledgeable about the program, rather than merely conducting what the American Medical Association website terms a "generic interview."
Stay abreast of the latest developments in your field. As the AMA website points out, these programs are seeking specific types of doctors. Different specialties have different emphases. One program may place emphasis on leadership or community involvement, while others may see research and/or clinical abilities as paramount.
Watch Body Language
During the interview your body language should exude confidence. The Uslmestep website suggests that you sit with your back straight, avoid behaviors such as finger or thumb twiddling or playing with your tie. Also, avoid behaviors such as chewing at your lower lip or licking your lips after every spoken paragraph during the course of the meeting.
Sell Yourself
One key question the committee asks when it considers you is how you are different from all the other candidates they've interviewed. As a candidate, your task is to convince them of your skills, strengths and talents. Your job is to demonstrate to the committee of the qualities you have that might set you apart from the other applicants.
Moreover, say positive, heartfelt things about their program. If you especially liked its website, mention that you thought it was informative, and that the web designers did a professional job of designing the site. If you notice that the residents seem pleased to be part of the program, make that observation.
Ask Intelligent Questions
Ask questions that are specifically relevant to the core of the program into which you are seeking entrance. The AMA website suggests you ask such questions as whether or not the program requires publication in order to remain in good standing. Ask about the overall philosophy, or vision, of the program. It is perhaps an excellent idea to ask which hospitals participate in the program. Asking such questions will let the interviewers know that you are thinking about what the ones who govern the residency expect of their residents.
Tags: about program, avoid behaviors, avoid behaviors such, behaviors such, candidate your
Radiation technicians are trained in diagnostic medical imaging procedures. They specialize in diagnostic imaging techniques like x-rays, mammograms and magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI. Radiation technicians work under the supervision of physicians. Technicians must fulfill state licensing requirements and can be certified through the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists. Radiation technicians must be comfortable being on their feet for long periods of time and handling different types of diagnostic machines.
Training
Formal training in radiologic technology is offered at the associate and bachelor's degree levels. Some schools offer certificate courses in radiologic technology. Radiation technicians should have a strong background in math, physics, chemistry and biology. Students enrolled in a radiologic technology program take courses like anatomy and physiology, radiographic positioning, imaging equipment and maintenance and radiation protection and safety. In addition to completing course requirements, radiation technicians also receive their practical training, which takes place in at an approved medical facility.
Certification
Candidates who successfully complete their coursework and practical training in radiologic technology are eligible for certification. Radiation technicians who receive their credential from the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists enhance their employment opportunities and professional standing. Certification is awarded to individuals who pass a background check and submit their transcript from an accredited program. Applicants must also pass a certification exam.
Continuing Education
Radiation technicians who are certified must renew their credentials by taking continuing education courses every two years. Those who wish to specialize in particular fields can take a qualifying exam in lieu of continuing education courses. Primary specialty fields in radiologic technology include nuclear medicine technology, sonogaphy, diagnostic medical sonography and radiation therapy. Re-certification exams also apply to fields including mammography, magnetic resonance imaging, bone densitometry and nuclear cardiology. Candidates who prefer to take continuing education courses can take general courses in the radiologic sciences.
Considerations
In addition to satisfying coursework and practical requirements, radiation technicians must be detail-oriented and good at following instructions. Candidates with advanced training and certifications in radiologic fields like mammography and bone densitometry can advance to radiologic assistant positions. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists credentials radiologic assistants. Other employment advancement opportunities for radiation technicians include supervisory roles, chief radiologic technologist positions and department administrator or director roles. Radiation technicians with advanced training can teach or work as sales representatives and trainers for manufacturing firms. Employment opportunities for radiologic technologists are expected to increase by 17 percent between 2008 and 2018, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Tags: Radiation technicians, radiologic technology, American Registry, American Registry Radiologic, continuing education courses, education courses, Registry Radiologic
The best of New York City's many and diverse charities demonstrate both commitment to and success in bettering New Yorkers' lives.
New York City is home to thousands of reputable charities organized for the dedicated benefit of the city's communities, neighborhoods and resident demographics. Electing the "best" among them is in ways subjective, influenced in particular by personal valuations of the relative import of their respective charitable causes. Yet, the following charities' consistent objective acclaim, including success rate recognition by Charity Navigator, the nation's premier independent charity evaluator, is assured justification of their representation as being among NYC's best.
Food Bank for New York City and City Harvest
Food Bank for New York City and City Harvest are NYC's two most predominant hunger-relief charities, each one working for over 25 years to alleviate the city's ongoing food poverty epidemic. Both organizations operate mass-scale direct food sourcing and community distribution programs, daily providing hundreds of thousands of free meals for New Yorkers in need across the five boroughs. Both have also developed comprehensive mission approaches, integrating their food delivery services with strategic research and policy initiatives in nutrition education and income support with the goal of forging long-term solutions. For their respective outstanding efforts in this vital cause's pursuit, Food Bank and City Harvest have continually ranked among the city's --- and indeed the nation's --- top-performing charities. Notably, Charity Navigator has recognized each of their philanthropic models with coveted four-star ratings for organizational efficiency and fiscal health and responsibility.
The Children's Aid Society
For 150 years, the Children's Aid Society has helped NYC's children to cope, thrive and ultimately lead healthy productive lives.
The Children's Aid Society (CAS) is a nationally acclaimed charity committed for over 150 years to providing comprehensive services and support to New York City's children in poverty and their families. Since its founding in 1853, CAS has been continuously at the forefront of its targeted demographic field of charitable work, spearheading initiatives in children's homelessness, adoption and foster care, day care, schooling and professional development, health care, housing assistance, domestic violence, and adolescent pregnancy and drug abuse prevention. CAS operates in 45 locations across NYC's five boroughs, focused on high-needs neighborhoods and serving their resident youth, families and communities directly. The charity has earned consistent acclaim for its progamming's effectiveness and outcomes as well as its fiscal integrity and management, including 10 consecutive years of Charity Navigator's four-star rating.
Robin Hood Foundation
The Robin Hood Foundation (RHF) is dedicated specifically to fighting poverty in New York City. RHF's defining approach is to find, fund and orchestrate partnerships with NYC's outstanding poverty organizations in order to maximize their effectiveness and achieve optimal results for the shared cause. Significantly, the Foundation's Board of Directors underwrites all of its operating costs, with the extraordinary consequence that 100 percent of every donation goes directly to its intended recipients: New Yorkers in need. Currently RHF partners with hundreds of non-profit groups, funding their extensive spectrum of programs to prevent poverty and aid the city's poor, from food banks and health care assistance to financial clinics and legal aid societies. Testament to its meticulous due diligence in its immense charitable investment and fund-management processes, RHF too has achieved four-star recognition from Charity Navigator.
New York Foundation for the Arts
The New York Foundation for the Arts (NYFA) is an independent nonprofit with the objective of empowering artists, advocating for arts and culture, and facilitating artistic ventures throughout NYC communities and the state. Founded in 1971, NYFA has become the comprehensive leading source for the city's all-things art, encompassed in three principal program areas of fiscal sponsorship, information and research, and programs and awards. These versatile services include direct financial assistance to individual artists and emerging organizations; learning initiatives of seminars, workshops and professional feedback sessions; online resources for social networking and employment; mentorship for immigrant artists; and an array of grants and fellowships. NYFA's charitable work has been integral to the sustenance of NYC's arts community --- indeed to fostering its richly textured cultural life and identity itself. As of 2010, holding Charity Navigator's three-star recognition, NYFA is currently implementing a strategic organizational plan to diversify, expand and enhance its funding, marketing and services' reach on all levels.
Tags: York City, Charity Navigator, Children Society, City Harvest, Food Bank
Finding affordable medical care is difficult for people who are uninsured.
Finding health care is not difficult for people without health insurance, but it can be expensive. Some health care providers don't accept patients who are uninsured. There are affordable options available, but they often require time-consuming research, paperwork and traveling.
Public Health Insurance
The first option is to check eligibility for public health insurance through state and federal programs. Medicare is available for American citizens and legal aliens age 65 and older or those who have received Social Security disability for two years. Medicaid is available for low-income single parents, pregnant women, children and people with disabilities. Five states--Pennsylvania, Maine, Vermont, New York and Connecticut--also have partial or fully subsidized programs and allow buy-in opportunities for state insurance programs for individuals or businesses, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures.
Prescription Drug Help
Pharmaceutical assistance programs are available.
State pharmaceutical assistance programs provide programs offer free and low-cost prescription drug programs in 38 states. The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, NeedyMeds and RxAssist also provide free prescription drugs to eligible applicants.
Help With Premiums
States that offer premium assistance with Medicaid or Children's Health Insurance Programs include Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas, Utah, Vermont and Virgina. Nine states offer additional premium assistance programs to help small businesses or low-income individuals buy insurance in the private market--Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Montana, New Mexico, New York, Tennessee, Vermont and Washington state.
Hill-Burton Centers
Look for Hill-Burton hospitals and clinics.
There are hospitals and other nonprofit medical centers that receive federal Hill-Burton funding, so they can offer free or low-cost services to those who can't pay. Each center chooses which services it will provide at no or lowered cost. Medicare and Medicaid services aren't eligible for Hill-Burton coverage, but the program may cover services that other government programs don't. Eligibility for Hill-Burton is based on family size and income. Individuals can apply for Hill-Burton help at any time, either before or after receiving care.
Local and State Health Departments
State and local health departments provide free immunizations and communicable disease testing and treatment.
Many local health department provide free or low-cost immunizations, testing and treatment for communicable diseases, such as sexually transmitted diseases, flu, HIV and tuberculosis.
State health departments can provide information about the federal programs, such as the Breast and Cervical Prevention and Treatment program that provides free mammograms and cervical cancer routine and diagnostic screenings and, if necessary, cancer treatment and follow-up care.
Charity Clinics and Groups
Community groups like the Lions Club provide free or discounted eye care and eyeglasses programs. EyeCare America provides medical eye care at no out-of-pocket expense. The American Cancer Society also offers services such as free transportation to cancer treatments, free lodging for cancer patients and caregivers, and indirect financial assistance with out-of-pocket expenses for low-income patients. Local nonprofit hospitals also may offer free clinics to uninsured people for routine, general medical care and sometimes specialty care. Planned Parenthood offers free and low-cost birth control and reproductive health and testing.
Tags: free low-cost, provide free, assistance programs, medical care, offer free, assistance with, care difficult
MRI ultrasound technicians, also known as diagnostic medical sonographers, work in many areas and industries. "MRI" stands for magnetic resonance imaging, one of the most familiar procedures of gathering internal images, besides using the X-ray machine. While ultrasounds are commonly associated with pregnancy imaging and other obstetrics issues, this specialized technology can be used for many other medical conditions and parts of the body. Salaries depend on experience, industry and location.
Salary
As of May 2010, the national mean yearly salary was around $64,000 for MRI ultrasound technicians, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. This national average used an hourly wage of about $31 per hour. This average is based on years of experience, the type and amount of educational background and work location.
Top-Paying Locations
MRI ultrasound technicians who work in certain parts of the U.S. can earn more than their counterparts in other areas. For example, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average mean wage for these types of diagnostic imagers was around $77,000 in Colorado, California and Washington. However, the top-paying state was Massachusetts, at an annual mean wage of $80,000 per year. Oregon came in second at an average mean salary of $79,740.
Top-Paying Industries
These high-level diagnostic imaging technicians can work in a wide variety of work settings and industries -- and some pay better than others. As of May 2010, the highest-paying industry for MRI ultrasound technicians was employment services. Diagnostic imagers working in this industry earned an annual mean wage of $73,040, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The next highest-paying industry was professional schools, colleges and universities, with a national median salary of around $72,500. The other top-paying industries included outpatient care centers, company and enterprise management and specialty hospitals.
Other
If you are considering pursuing employment in this field, you have several career paths to choose from. Some industries hire more MRI ultrasound technicians than others. As of May 2010, the industries with the highest levels of employment for these types of diagnostic imaging technicians included general medical and surgical hospitals, physicians' offices and medical and diagnostic laboratories. The median wage for hospitals was $65,000 per year, the mean average salary for physicians' offices was around $65,000 per year and the mean wage for the medical and diagnostic laboratory positions was around $62,000 per year.
Tags: ultrasound technicians, mean wage, according Bureau, according Bureau Labor, Bureau Labor, Bureau Labor Statistics
.Medical transcription requires listening to and transcribing audio.
Medical transcriptionists (MT's) are the men and women who perform medical transcription. They transcribe oral or written patient-health care professional encounter information into an official document known as a medical record. They are specialists in medical language and health care documentation, with training and skills far beyond those required of word processors or medical typists.
Minimum requirements for medical transcription.
Medical transcriptionists must understand legalities and ethics surrounding medical records and be able to keep patient confidentiality. They must also have the ability to multi-task, work independently and to produce quality work under pressure and time constraints.
Organizational skills are required for medical records management and for meeting time lines. There is usually a turnaround time of 24 to 48 hours for surgical report completion, so the transcriptionist must have his or her reports completed within that time frame.
Technology skills.
Other requirements include the ability to operate a computer with multiple software applications, transcription equipment, and other office equipment. Other technology skills needed are computer and printer troubleshooting. Transcriptionists must also learn the latest technological advancements in their field, including speech recognition software and newer versions of Microsoft Windows.
Medical transcription and other skills.
MT's must develop the ability to work in all medical specialties. They must have a broad knowledge of medical terminology, anatomy and physiology, disease processes, disease signs and symptoms, disease processes, and lab values. They must also know the proper formatting for medical reports or be able to research it in the Association for Healthcare Documentation Integrity book of style, known as the BOS.
Excellent grammar and written communication are also essential, along with excellent hearing and good hand-eye coordination. Transcriptionists should also be able to sit and type for long periods of time, as they may be called upon frequently to do so.
Tags: must also, They must, disease processes, medical records, Medical transcriptionists, must have, They must also
If you're searching for a secure career that will most likely resist layoffs in a poor economy, then consider a job as an ultrasound technician. With the aging baby boomers, there is an increasing demand for certain positions within the medical field. According to Ultrasound Technicians, there is currently a high demand for ultrasound technicians and this trend will continue in the future.
Definition of Ultrasound
Ultrasound, or sonography, is a type of medical imaging that uses high-frequency sound waves to create pictures of internal organs, tissues, and blood flow. Ultrasound is noninvasive and is used to help physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. Ultrasound is frequently used to monitor the health and development of an infant while it is still in utero.
Job description
An ultrasound technician operates ultrasound equipment on a patient to aid a physician with diagnosis or treatment. Prior to this process, the ultrasound technician is responsible for explaining the procedure to the patient, choosing the appropriate equipment, and preparing the patient for the imaging. The technician performs the ultrasound examination and then captures the images that the ordering physician will use. The tech also maintains a record of ultrasound results and assists the physician in interpreting the images
Education
Ultrasound technician education usually requires two to four years of study to earn an associate's or bachelor's degree in diagnostic medical sonography. If you're already trained in a field of medicine, then there are special one-year certificate programs to become a ultrasound tech. You can do ultrasound coursework at a medical college or university, but some junior colleges and career institutes also offer the training. Upon graduation from ultrasound school, you can choose to become nationally registered by the American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography (ARDMS). Although this isn't required, obtaining the ARDMS certification enhances your chances of employment as an ultrasound technician.
Training Curriculum
Ultrasound Technician Schools reports that the typical required curriculum is divided into the classroom portion, the lab portion, and an externship. The coursework consists of anatomy, physiology, ultrasound principals, radiology, instrumentation, physics, patient care, and medical ethics.
Skills
Possessing a mechanical aptitude, congenial interpersonal skills, and strong communication skills is a favorable combination for an ultrasound technician. As an ultrasound tech, you'll be working with complex medical equipment and you'll need to get along with patients and have to communicate well with doctors and patients.
Salary
According to indeed.com, the average salary for an ultrasound tech is $59,000. Your salary will be dependent upon your years of experience, degree type, job location, and type of certification.
To experience joint pain on one side of the body only is not uncommon. Asymmetrical joint pain can occur with types of arthritis, illnesses, injuries, tight muscles and trigger points. Asymmetrical joint pain is no better or worse than symmetrical pain.
Arthritis
Reactive and psoriatic arthritis can cause asymmetrical joint pain. Psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory joint condition that may be accompanied by psoriasis (skin condition that causes itching, redness and dryness); reactive arthritis results after an infection in the body.
Tendinitis
Tendinitis is bone attachment inflammation (ligaments and tendons) and often this condition will feel like joint pain. Tendinitis often affects only one area. Calcific tendinitis causes extra bone growth or calcium deposits on the joint.
Injuries
Falls, car accidents, overuse injuries from repetitive motions, and sports injuries can lead to joint pain. The joint pain associated with injuries may be asymmetrical depending on the site and type of injury.
Trigger Points
Trigger points are knots or sensitive points on a particular muscle. These can often refer pain to other areas of the body, according to Valerie DeLaune, a trigger point expert and author. The trigger point location may cause one-sided joint pain.
Other Causes
Illnesses like the Epstein-Barr viral syndrome, Lyme disease and even the flu can cause joint pain that is asymmetrical. Osteomyelitis, a bone infection, can lead to painful joints on one or both sides of the body. Conditions like depression and anxiety also can cause asymmetrical joint pain.
Tags: joint pain, Asymmetrical joint pain, asymmetrical joint pain, cause asymmetrical, cause asymmetrical joint, cause joint
College can be an expensive and time-consuming endeavor, but you can soften the blow by taking online courses. The online medium allows students to set their own schedule, and allows colleges to offer classes to anyone in the world. Online graduate programs in astronomy are varied, not only in coursework requirements, but also in structure and subject matter. Swinburne University, the University of North Dakota and Jamescook University offer the majority of their astronomy programs online.
Swinburne University of Technology
Swineburne offers an online master's degree in astronomy, as well as a graduate diploma and a graduate certificate in astronomy. Swineburne's master's degree program takes a year and a half with a full-time course load, or three years with a part-time course load. Master's students must complete 150 credit points of coursework, and will earn both the graduate diploma and graduate certificate. The graduate certificate program by itself takes six months of full-time study, and one year part time, covering 50 credit points worth of courses. The graduate diploma program by itself takes one year for full-time study and two years part time, covering 100 credit points. According to Swinburne, their program is "designed for amateur astronomers, science educators and communicators, people working in astronomy related fields, and anyone with a love of astronomy." It is not a training program for professional astronomers.
University of North Dakota
The space studies program at the University of North Dakota offers a Masters in Space Studies degree, that include both thesis and non-thesis options. The program takes two years, requiring a total of 33 credits. In addition to degree programs, you may also register as a non-degree student, however only nine credits worth of coursework can be applied to a degree should you later decide to pursue one. Online students must study on campus for one academic week per semester.
The space studies program is designed to provide students with a broad knowledge base in preparation for more specialized study. One of the first courses students take is Survey of Space Studies I, which is a general overview of human and robot space exploration. This course is also a prerequisite for many higher level courses.
Jamescook University
The Jamescook Master of Astronomy program is designed to be taken part time; however, they allow students to take a full-time course load if they are able to. The standard course load is one course per semester for a total of 6 semester, where each course is equal to 6 credit points. 4 semesters of the program are usually dedicated towards coursework, with the last 2 focused on research. Completion of a master's degree allows transfer into a research doctoral program, which Jamescook also offers online.
Courses in the Jamescook astronomy program fall into six areas: modern astrophysics, astronomy instrumentation, the solar system, galactic astronomy and cosmetology, astronomy literature review and pilot research project. Modern astrophysics looks at the mathematical side of astronomy and serves as an introduction to instruments used in study. Astronomy instrumentation provides a more detailed look at the instruments used for measuring distances and picking up signals from space. The solar system focuses on the chemical makeup and nature of entities in the solar system. Galactic astronomy studies the physics of stars, galaxies and black holes. The literature review and pilot research projects are student-led research projects. The first requires students to research scholarly astronomy literature, while the second requires students to conduct research on a topic on their own.
Tags: course load, credit points, graduate certificate, graduate diploma, master degree, North Dakota, part time
Educational and training opportunities in nuclear radiology fellowship programs abound.
Nuclear medicine is a field of radiology that uses small amounts of radioactive materials to diagnose and treat patients. Once the radioactive materials are administered into a patient they localize in a specific organ, which helps diagnostic professionals view images inside the body. Applicants to a nuclear medicine fellowship program must have completed a diagnostic radiology residency program. Graduates of a program must take a certificate examination through the American Board of Radiology.
Baylor University
The nuclear radiology fellowship at Baylor University Medical Center is one-year and offers fellows an opportunity to participate in five-month clinical rotations in position emission tomography (PET) and nuclear medicine. Fellows supervise nuclear medicine procedures, radioisotope therapies and PET studies. Opportunities are also available to teach radiology residents and participate in conferences involving nuclear medicine. One month of research is required, and one-month is available for fellows to vacation or schedule interviews with potential employers.
Baylor University
3500 Gaston Avenue
Dallas, TX 75246
214-820-2312
baylorhealth.edu
Mayo Clinic
The Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education offers a one-year nuclear radiology fellowship program. The program is designed to teach fellows about radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals and diagnose and treat various diseases. The fellowship program is broken down into one-month blocks that train and educate fellows in the three main areas of nuclear radiology, which include position emission tomography, nuclear cardiology and general nuclear medicine. In addition to clinical training, fellows are also required to perform research in one of these areas.
Mayo Clinic
200 First Street SW
Rochester, MN 55905
507-284-2220
mayo.edu
New York University
New York University's Department of Radiology offers a fellowship program in nuclear radiology. Nuclear radiology is a subspecialty in radiology and is used diagnose and treat various conditions and disorders, including cancer and thyroid diseases. The nuclear radiology program educates and trains fellows in radionuclide therapy, which takes place at New York University Langone Medical Center. Fellows are able to work with patients and implement approved treatment plans to treat conditions. Research opportunities are available in radioimmunotherapy, image fusion, PET or CT in tumors and computer technology.
A mammogram is one of the best tools to diagnose breast cancer. Producing a black and white X-ray of breast issue, the scan can pick up even the tiniest growths and abnormalities and help doctors identify breast cancer in its earliest stages.
How it's done
During a mammogram, each breast is carefully compressed between two plates and then X-rayed from different angles.
Types
There are two types of mammograms: screening and diagnostic. Screening mammograms are performed on healthy women with no signs or symptoms of breast cancer. Diagnostic mammograms are performed when possible breast cancer symptoms, like a lump, are found.
Who interprets the scans
A radiologist---a physician specially trained to diagnose diseases by interpreting X-rays and other radiological images---will read and analyze the mammogram and send a written report to you and your doctor.
Signs of trouble
Further testing may be recommended if calcifications, masses or cysts are found; the radiologist will also compare each new mammogram to previous ones, looking for any suspicious changes in lymph nodes or tissues.
Expert advice
Experts recommend women 40 and older have an annual mammogram. Women with a family history of breast cancer, or other risk factors, may need to begin scans at an earlier age, or schedule them more often.
Tags: breast cancer, breast cancer, mammograms performed
Medical malpractice insurance companies provide coverage to healthcare providers and facilities against liability claims from patients, arising from failure to meet the standard of care.
How it Works
The insurance company covers financial expenses incurred when defending a claim, including investigation, attorney fees, expert witnesses and supplemental costs. The insurance company pays out benefits awarded by a jury or a negotiated settlement between the parties.
Types of Medical Malpractice Insurance
There are three types of medical malpractice insurance: Hospital Professional Liability, Physician Professional Liability and Allied Healthcare Professional Liability. Some states do not require professionals to purchase medical malpractice insurance. Check local state regulations to determine if this coverage is required.
Benefits
Medical malpractice insurance protects the personal assets of healthcare providers and facilities.
Advantages
Some companies offer additional coverages and features such as Risk Management, Practice Management and consultants to help with the business aspects of practicing medicine.
Disadvantages
Most healthcare providers are contracted, making this coverage an independent, and expensive, cost. Some companies only write policies in certain U.S. states.
Indigent health care programs meet the medical needs of adults with little or no income. The programs ensure that people living in poverty have somewhere to go when they need to visit a doctor. The medical needs of children from low-income families are met through state and federal programs specifically designed for them.
County Health Departments
County health departments provide a significant portion of the health care for indigent adults age 21 through 64. The available care will vary depending on the financial support each county receives from local, state, and federal government sources. Income eligibility ranges from 200 to 250 percent of the federal poverty level depending on your state of residence. Counties may also require proof of legal residency and/or a valid Social Security card before granting eligibility and access to services.
State Programs
Each state has indigent health care programs that provide financial assistance and guidance to county health departments and medical providers who have contracted to provide health care to low-income adults. Contract providers include hospitals, medical clinics, and doctors who agree to provide services at reduced rates. Indigent adults under these programs must receive medical care from them.
Safety Gap
Indigent health insurance programs are a safety net when an adult is unable to qualify for all other means to pay for health care. Other programs include Department of Veterans Affairs health care, Medicaid, private health insurance plans for low-income people, and state-sponsored health insurance plans. Indigent adults are not qualified for, or do not have sufficient income to pay for, health care under these programs. Serious pre-existing conditions can also cause people to be denied coverage.
Significance
Available medical services will vary from county to county, but medical treatment to sustain life will always be available. After receiving such emergency care, you will need to contact your county health department for further benefits, which may include physical checkups, immunizations, and family planning. The county will determine your eligibility. One of the primary goals of indigent health care is to assist you in remaining healthy and able to work.
Children
Each state has health care programs designed to meet the needs of children from low-income families. Income level and financial means of parents and guardians determine eligibility. The number of people in the household is also a factor. Children under age 21 receive medical care through Medicaid and state insurance programs. Every member of a family who qualifies can receive medical care under programs such as Medicaid.
Tags: health care, medical care, care programs, health care programs, health insurance, receive medical
Yasmin, drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol, is an oral contraceptive, also marketed under the brand name Yaz. Yasmin is prescribed to prevent pregnancy, treat acne and better manage conditions of premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
Yasmin and Hair Loss
In the brief summary package insert accompanying Yasmin, side effects include changes in appetite, headache, nervousness, depression, dizziness, rash, vaginal infection and loss of scalp hair. According to physicians specializing in hair loss treatment and surgical hair restoration, hair loss from the use of Yasmin birth control pills is negligible.
How Yasmin Contributes to Hair Loss
Research suggests that Yasmin can encourage hair follicles to enter the telogen phase. The telogen phase is the resting phase of the hair follicle, which produces a "club hair," or dead fully keratinized hair, as its final product. Fifty to 100 club hairs are shed daily from a normal scalp, so with or without Yasmin, hair loss occurs naturally.
If Yasmin Causes Too Much Hair Loss
The New Hair Institute recommends discontinuing Yasmin if noticeable hair loss occurs. Speak to your doctor regarding alternative birth control medications.
Lawsuits
Yasmin is not recommended for women with kidney, liver or adrenal disease because its chemical content may exacerbate these and other vascular illnesses. Class action lawsuits citing Yasmin as responsible for specified health emergencies, are currently under review in the United States.
How Yasmin Differs from Other Birth Control Pills
Yasmin and Yaz are both different from traditional birth control pills because their progesterone (drospirenone) is closely related to spironolactone, a medication used as a diuretic. Like any birth control pill, Yasmin works to prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation and altering the cervical mucus and the lining of the uterus; however, unlike other oral contraceptives Yasmin elevates potassium levels.
Advice from the American Hair Loss Association
The American Hair Loss Association recommends that all women interested in using oral contraceptives seek low-androgen index birth control pills. If hair loss runs in your family, they recommend the use of another non-hormonal form of birth control.
Tags: birth control, birth control pills, control pills, Hair Loss, American Hair, American Hair Loss, Hair Loss
Forensics can apply to different branches of science.
The study of forensic science refers to the study of collecting, identifying and analyzing physical evidence obtained from criminal investigations. Forensic science can take the form of many different subjects, such as biology, fingerprinting, ballistics and many more areas that require expert knowledge. There are several schools that feature forensic programs, although most bachelor's programs feature courses that can be taken toward a minor. To continue into the field of forensic science, students should enroll in forensic graduate programs.
Texas Tech University
Texas Tech University features a forensic science program as an interdisciplinary minor for Bachelor of Science students. Students are taught about the scientific and methodological issues with crime investigation and law. Students have about 15 credit-hour courses ranging from physical and biological sciences to social and behavioral sciences, and must obtain a grade greater than a D for the courses to count toward a minor.
Oaklahoma State University
Oklahoma State University features several forensic graduate programs for students to choose from. There is the Master of Science in forensic sciences, a master's option in forensic sciences administration, a graduate certificate in the study of forensic examination of questioned documents and many more. In order to be considered, students must have a GPA of 3.0 or greater, as well as an undergraduate degree in behavioral, biological, medical or physical sciences or another forensic-related discipline. Students must obtain a score of at least 1000 in their combined Graduate Record Examination (GRE) score for the verbal and quantitative sections.
Florida International University
Florida International University offers a forensic science certificate that goes hand in hand with a bachelor's degree, usually in chemistry or biology. However, the university also offers a Bachelor of Science in chemistry with a concentration on forensic science. Students take courses such as biology, chemistry and toxicology with a focus on the forensic aspect. Students with the core courses may complete the university's certificate program, once they've taken and completed 18 credits from the forensic core courses.
California State University, Los Angeles
California State University of Los Angeles features a Bachelor of Science program in criminal justice. The criminal justice program trains students on the behavioral, natural and social science perspectives of criminal law, data analysis, theory and research methodology. Students can minor in forensic science to learn about crime scene reconstruction, legal integrity of scientific evidence and giving expert testimony. Forensic areas include biology, chemistry, microscopy, crime scene management and courtroom interpretation of evidence. Students must complete 32 units for their minor requirement when they enroll in the program and get accepted into the Bachelor of Science department.
Tags: forensic science, Bachelor Science, State University, biology chemistry, California State
Use a digital line converter to allow your analog fax to function on digital phone lines.
While many homes and offices are converting their phone lines from analog to digital, they are experiencing issues concerning their fax machines, which stop working unless they are converted to digital. This is accomplished with a line converter that converts the analog signal that your fax machine sends to a digital signal that your phone line requires.
Instructions
1. Unplug fax machine. Whenever working on electronic devices, it is always safest to unplug them to remove them from their power source.
2. Remove phone line from the fax machine.
3. Plug in new telephone patch line into the "Line In" port on the back of the fax machine.
4. Install a digital line converter. Plug in the line coming from the fax machine into the "Line In" port and plug in the line coming from the wall telephone jack into the "Line Out" jack on the digital line converter. Plug in the power cord into the digital line converter.
5. Send a test fax. Once the digital line converter is installed, you will be able to use your analog fax machine to send and receive faxes over your digital phone lines.
Tags: line converter, digital line, digital line converter, into Line, phone lines
Leg cramps are a common and often painful malady that can occur for various reasons. The causes can range from a harmless charley horse to the possibility of a more serious condition like a blood clot. The action to take to find relief will, of course, depend on the cause.
Muscle Spasm (Charley Horse)
A muscle spasm can occur for a variety of reasons, including dehydration, overuse due to exercise or labor, holding your leg in the same position for an extended amount of time, or certain medications like diuretics or statins, which can lower your fluid and mineral levels. To treat a cramp due to muscle spasm, you can elevate your leg to allow proper blood flow. You can also try massaging the area gently, drinking plenty of fluids, walking on the affected leg or taking an over-the-counter medication like acetophenamin if needed.
Injury
Another common cause for leg cramps is injury by either working out too hard and tearing a muscle or tendon or shin splints from repetitive motions like running. The best course of action in this case is to stay off your feet until the pain has subsided and wrap your leg with a bandage. Pain medication can be used if the pain is prolonged or highly uncomfortable. If you believe you have broken or sprained your leg, visit your doctor for further instruction.
Inflammation
You leg may cramp due to inflammation caused by arthritis or gout. This will occur around the knee, and you may notice swelling. For pain, take a medication like Aleve or Tylenol that has been approved for arthritis pain, stay off the leg until the pain has lessened or subsided, and apply a cold compress to get rid of swelling.
Prevention
To prevent any of these maladies from affecting your life, try the following tips to keep your muscles and joints healthy.
• Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day, especially water.
• Warm up before any exercise or physical exertion.
• For arthritis pain, talk to your doctor about long-term medications that may help. Also, discuss taking a vitamin D and/or calcium supplement to strengthen your bones and joints.
Rare Occurrences
Blood clots are another possible cause for leg cramps. They usually accompany another illness or the use of certain medications and are most common in those who have been on long-term bed rest. In the instance of a clot, your doctor will have to prescribe medication created for the purpose of removing clots or, in severe cases, perform an invasive procedure to remove the clot. To prevent getting a clot, move your leg so that it isn't in the same position for too long and get up to walk around when and if you can. Talk to your doctor about ways to prevent a clot in the event that you are not well enough to get out of bed.
Tags: your doctor, arthritis pain, cause cramps, certain medications, doctor about, medication like, plenty fluids
When you buy a gift for a 34-year-old single woman consider her style, taste and profession. Selections range from home or office d cor items to experiences she enjoys. Or, give her the gift of jewelry which will bring a smile to her face and eyes as she opens the beautifully wrapped present.
Home
If you have been to her home, you have seen her decorating style. If she uses silver tones throughout, then select gifts reflecting a silver tone accent, or follow a glass and crystal theme. Choose items like a photo frame with a picture of the two of you, a set of hanging picture frames filled with a collage of photos or a wall clock. Perhaps she would enjoy a couple of etched wine or martini glasses with a small bar setup containing wine stoppers, wine holders, shot glasses and a cocktail shaker. Another gift idea is a warm throw rug to cuddle in as she watches television with a fresh air popcorn machine to cut down on calorie intake.
Office
An office gift should be practical yet tasteful. A crystal or leather picture frame would be acceptable as would a leather business card holder or leather briefcase. A wall clock, desk clock or professional wristwatch will keep her on time, while a PDA or appointment book will keep her on task. You may also add some life to her office with the gift of a plant inside a self watering container and a small fountain to mask office sounds.
Experience
Share an experience with her as you treat her to a day of luxury at the spa as you get your body wrapped, pores cleansed and pampered with a relaxing massage. Or maybe she would prefer to dress up and attend the theater, opera or the symphony for the night. A day at the art museum or the zoo may be just the thing for a daycation, or perhaps girls' day shopping at the mall is her thing.
Jewelry
Whether you choose a small conservative set of earrings or a single pendant that brings out her eyes, or an extravagant chunky gold wrist chain, tailor the style and stone to her preferences. She may prefer a flamboyant jewelry piece like a turquoise squash blossom for her neck or one less opulent like a graduated string of cultured black pearls. Rings work well and include the options of adding diamonds to the setting.