According to the South African Department of Police website, a fingerprint technician is an integral part of police investigations into crimes. These professionals play an important part in comparing fingerprint evidence and preparing documents for court proceedings.
Education
According to the City of Henderson website, in order to be employed as a fingerprint technician candidates must have completed a minimum amount of education, including an associate's degree. The degree completed must be in a field linked to fingerprinting, such as forensics, fingerprint science or criminal justice.
Identification
According to the Michigan Civil Service Commission, the Fingerprint Identification course is offered as a form of training for fingerprint technicians by the Institute of Applied Science. Similar courses are also offered by state police departments throughout the country.
FBI
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) offers a fingerprint technician training course, according to the City of Henderson website. The Tenprint Examiner certification is offered through the FBI and the International Association of Identification.
Tags: City Henderson, City Henderson website, fingerprint technician, Henderson website
Since the development of silicone implants, there have been many questions as to the safety of such material being put into the bodies of women. In 1992 the use of silicone implants was banned by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). According to the FDA, the ban was lifted in 2006 due to extensive studies conducted on the safety of silicone. Currently, only two corporations manufacture silicone implants, and both are monitored for safety measures. While the use of silicone implants has been deemed safe, there are still issues that can occur.
Product Manufacturers
The two corporations responsible for the production of silicone implants for women are Allergan Corp. and Mentor Corp. Both corporations have a limited warranty on their implants. It is important to keep in mind that silicone implants have a lifespan of about 10 years. Considering that implants are a type of cosmetic surgery, your insurance may not cover surgery to remove or replace your implants should they be defective.
Breast Alteration
When you decide to receive breast implants, the size of the implant will eventually alter your normal breast tissue. As your body ages, the shape and texture of your breasts will change. According to the Mayo Clinic, if your breasts develop changes due to your implants, you may need further surgery to correct your breasts. Also, if you should ever decide to remove your implants, your breasts will never be the same.
Possible Leakage
If your silicone implant should rupture, the silicone gel would leak into your breast and pool there. This would make the detection of a leak difficult to discern. When a saline implant ruptures, you would notice due to the deflation of your breast. The only way you could detect if your silicone implant ruptured would be with an imaging test by a physician.
Capsular Contracture
In some women who get implants, an occurrence known as capsular contracture can develop. According to the Mayo Clinic, when you have capsular contracture, your implant will develop scar tissue around it--that is, the implant will become encapsulated by the scar tissue and eventually will become constricted. As a result, you can develop painful symptoms and possible disfiguration of your breast. Only surgery can correct any damage resulting from this condition.
Risks
In rare occurrences, it is possible to develop a hematoma (pooling of blood) within your breast. If this occurs, you will need surgery to remove the hematoma. At times an infection may occur within your breast if your body rejects the implant. Surgery is necessary to remove the implant and clean out the infection within the breast. When you get silicone implants, your breasts may be slightly off balance. If this occurs, your plastic surgeon will conduct further surgery on your breasts to align them. Loss of nipple and breast sensation may occur with your breasts, as well as the development of breast pain.
Tags: silicone implants, your breasts, your breast, implant will, your implants
Pulse taking, developed by the Chinese, was one of the first diagnostic tools used by man. Doctors skilled in this technique can diagnose certain health conditions and determine whether the conditions are old, new or chronic and in which part of the body they exist.
Instructions
1. Find the major pulse points. These include the radial on the inner aspect of the wrist, the brachial above the elbow on the inside of the arm, the carotid at the front of the neck and the femoral on the inside of the leg. Other pulse points may include the temples, ankles and tops of the feet.
2. Place your index, middle and ring fingers on the radial artery in the wrist. Palpate the area under each finger to distinguish the condition of different organs, tissues and lymph channels.
3. Use your fingers as receptors to transfer information from the blood pumped from the heart out to the rest of the body.
4. Observe the position of the artery, its depth, firmness, size, strength and heart rhythm.
5. Look for interruptions in the energy force (or "prana") to indicate illness or disease of specific internal organs. A pulse that is rapid, slow, forceful, weak or irregular may indicate a health issue. A thin, rapid pulse, for example, often indicates the progression of an illness (like cancer).
Create a self-signed digital ID within Adobe Acrobat X to use when you need to sign documents and encrypt PDF files on your computer. Your digital ID will contain your personal information, such as your name, email address and location, to confirm your identity with trustworthy individuals and businesses. Increase your digital ID's security and prevent any unauthorized access by using a strong password and maintaining proper storage of the digital ID file.
Instructions
1. Open Adobe Acrobat X.
2. Click the "Open" icon, select a PDF file and click the "Open" button.
3. Click "View" from the menu bar, move the cursor to "Tools" and select "Sign & Certify."
4. Click the "Add ID" button.
5. Select "A New Digital ID I Want to Create Now" and click the "Next" button.
6. Select "New PKCS#12 Digital ID File" and click the "Next" button.
7. Type your full name in the "Name" field.
8. Type your organization's information in the "Organizational Unit" and Organization Name" fields, if applicable.
9. Type your email address in the "Email Address" field.
10. Click the "Country/Region" drop-down menu and select your location.
11. Click the "Key Algorithm" drop-down menu and choose the option you wish to use.
12. Click the "Next" button.
13. Type a password for the digital ID in the "Password" field, then retype it in the "Confirm Password" field.
14. Click the "Finish" button.
Tags: Adobe Acrobat, Next button, Type your, button Select, button Type
MaineCare is the Medicaid program in the state of Maine. It was created to give certain low-income populations access to affordable, high-quality health insurance. MaineCare is comprehensive coverage just like any other health insurance, but some benefits may vary depending on an enrollee's qualifications (such as age).
Hospital Services
MaineCare covers several types of hospital services, including any care received to treat an illness or injury, preventive care or therapy as long as it's supervised by a licensed physician. MaineCare enrollees can expect to pay up to $300 in copayments for hospital services, but no more than $30 a month.
Doctor Services
MaineCare covers doctor office visits that are considered medically necessary in order to conserve the health of the enrollee, plus any supplies necessary. It will also cover laboratory and x-ray tests that are ordered by the doctor. Copayments for doctors' services vary, but copayments for lab services will be no more than $1 per day.
Preventive Services
The Early Periodic Screening Diagnosis and Screening Program offers preventive care. This includes screening exams to catch diseases early and immunizations as they become necessary with age. MaineCare also covers a full range of family-planning services.
Dental Services
Children enrolled in MaineCare are qualified for exams and a full range of dental services. They may also be qualified for braces, but only with prior authorization. Adults have access to dental care only to relieve tooth pain. This means it will cover things like extractions or the draining of an abscess.
Prescription Drugs
MaineCare will cover any drug found on its formulary, or the list of drugs that it agrees to cover. Some drugs require authorization. Additionally, it will also cover over-the-counter medications and vitamins. Medications have a $2.50 copayment, though no member will pay more than $25 a month.
Case Management
Several populations are qualified for case-management services under MaineCare. These include developmentally disabled adults; HIV-positive individuals; children who are at risk for development disabilities; at-risk, abused or neglected children; those who require mental health services; and many more.
Transportation
If an enrollee requires transportation to or from a MaineCare-covered service, MaineCare will pay for public transportation, taxi, wheelchair van or a private carrier.
Tags: more than, also cover, full range, health insurance, hospital services
The discoveries and benefits of sending men to the International Space Station.
In 2010, questions of the usefulness of space exploration have been brought to the forefront of people's attention. In a recent post by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) official website, they say that the age of exploration will stay around for a long time. Thanks to the brilliant collaboration of among 16 countries including the U.S, Russia, and Japan, the International Space Station (ISS) was created to study more about the life outside earth. Since its creation, the ISS has been the center for research and study for many physicists, astronomers and scientists from all over the world.
Plant Life for Mars
NASA believes that in order for a person to stay longer on planet Mars, people will need to grow some plants themselves. These specialized plants will provide people with adequate food and oxygen to stay alive. Although Mars has a relatively low pressurized environment and poor gravity, the leading researchers at the Zvezda Service Module believe that creating plant life is possible by developing new ways of growing plants. The Russian BIO-5 Rasteniya-2/Lada-2 sprout is an example of such a newly grown plant using this newly discovered techniques of growing within low gravity environments.
Advanced Space Suits
Communication is one of the trickiest aspects regarding communication in space and within the ISS. The realization of the difficulties of communicating in space--brought about since the advent of the ISS--has led to better spacesuits with better communication devices, which must be developed to minimize casualties and injuries during space-walk missions. NASA is now on the verge of creating a new improved set of space suits with an enhanced communication system. This new space suit will have no traditional fixed microphones and earphones, instead, both of these communication devices will be embedded in the space suit itself. So this means a better and more ensured communication system for astronauts when on the space station.
Space Exposure
One of the most researched fields in space is upon the human body's exposure to space and zero-gravity fields. Although this area has been in existence since space flight began, massive research and data only began with the advent of the ISS. Results suggest that prolonged exposure to the zero-gravity effects of space might be worse than once thought--leading to many conditions including muscle atrophy, fluid shifts and bone loss.
Tags: communication devices, communication system, International Space, International Space Station, Space Station, space suit
A career as a professional instrumentalist, vocalist or composer typically requires advanced training, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. One option for musicians is to attend a formal, college-level program in the field. A number of private colleges in the United States offer such courses of study, allowing students to improve their skills through classes, semi-private and private lessons and performance opportunities.
Eastman School of Music
The Eastman School of Music is affiliated with the University of Rochester, a private, nonsectarian institution in Rochester, New York. Admission to the school is highly competitive; only a quarter of those who apply and audition receive an invitation to enroll, according to the college's website. The college grants Bachelor of Music degrees in applied music and performance, composition, jazz studies and contemporary media, music education, musical arts and theory. For students who excel academically and musically, the school offers the FORTE program, in which they have the opportunity to teach for a semester at Eastman. The college offers internships and study abroad opportunities in seven different countries. Master's and doctoral degrees in music are also granted by the college. Eligible students can receive federal and state financial aid, institutional scholarships or work-study placements while studying at the Eastman School of Music.
Eastman School of Music
26 Gibbs Street
Rochester, NY 14604
585-274-1000
esm.rochester.edu
Rollins College
Rollins College is a private, nonsectarian institution in Winter Park, Florida, a community five miles from Orlando. In 2010, "U.S. News and World Report" ranked the college at the top among all schools in the southern United States offering master degree programs in all fields. The college offers a Bachelor of Arts in music degree course of study. An audition is mandatory for admission. Among the courses required for the major are music theory, music and technology and music history. Students can concentrate in composition, conducting, jazz and contemporary, music business, music education, music history, music technology, music theory, percussion, piano, strings, voice or winds. All music majors are required to participate in one of the school's ensembles, which have performances throughout the year. Approximately 71 percent of all students at Rollins receive some form of financial aid, explains the "2009 Barron's Profiles of American Colleges."
Rollins College
1000 Holt Ave.
Winter Park, FL 32789
407-646-2161
rollins.edu
Stanford University
Home to more than 17,000 undergraduate and graduate students, Stanford University is a private, nonsectarian institution located 30 miles from San Francisco. The school received the fourth-place ranking among all universities in the United States from "U.S. News and World Report" in 2010. Les than 10 percent of students who apply and audition for admission to the school receive admittance, reports the "2009 Barron's Profiles of American Colleges." The college offers baccalaureate music degrees in performance, composition, conducting, history, and theory and also offers a minor in music, science and technology. Internships and study abroad placements are available for all students. Students can participate in one of five vocal groups, seven departmental instrumental groups and more than 10 other student-led group ensembles.The school also offers graduate degrees in music. Around 78 percent of all students benefit from financial aid while studying at Stanford, according to "Barron's." The school grants a limited number of institutional scholarships exclusively to music students.
Stanford University
541 Lasuen Mall
Stanford, CA 94305
650-723-2091
3stanford.edu
Tags: Eastman School, Eastman School Music, School Music, college offers, nonsectarian institution, percent students, private nonsectarian
A colonoscopy is a medical testing procedure designed to detect dangerous changes in the colon or rectum. It is not used to check for changes in the nearby prostate gland.
Colonoscopy
According to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, your doctor performs a colonoscopy by inserting a flexible, lighted tube (colonoscope) through the anus and into the rectum and colon. A tiny camera attached to the end of the colonoscope sends live images to an external viewing monitor.
Digital Rectal Exam
During a prostate exam, your doctor may perform a digital rectal exam, which involves using a gloved finger inserted in the rectum to physically detect changes in the prostate, which sits outside the rectum wall.
Transrectal Ultrasound
Your doctor may also perform a transrectal ultrasound, which involves using a cigar-shaped probe inserted into the rectum to bounce sound waves off the prostate and create a detailed image of the gland, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Similarities and Differences
Although these prostate exam techniques require access through the rectum, they differ from colonoscopies, which have an unrelated diagnostic purpose.
Additional Prostate Tests
Additional tests performed to check prostate health include prostate biopsy (tissue sampling) and a PSA test, which measures the presence of an immune system marker linked to increased prostate cancer risks.
Tags: Checked With, Checked With Colonscopy, into rectum, involves using, Prostate Checked, Prostate Checked With
CDs, or certificates of deposit, are accounts offered at banks and other financial institutions. CDs are not very liquid because you cannot withdraw money from the account until it matures or you will have to pay a penalty, usually equal to several months of interest. The maturity dates of CDs range from a few months to 10 years or more.
Instructions
1. Determine the amount of money you will put into the CD, the time until it matures, the annual interest rate the CD will earn and how many times per year interest is compounded.
2. Divide the annual interest rate by the number of times per year the interest is compounded. For example, if the annual interest rate is 3 percent and interest is compounded monthly, you would divide 0.03 by 12 to get 0.0025.
3. Add 1 to the number found in Step 2. For example, if you had 0.0025, you would get 1.0025.
4. Multiply the number of times per year interest is compounded by the number of years until the CD matures. For example, if interest is compounded monthly and the CD matures in three years, you would multiply 12 by 3 to get 36. If your CD matures in less than a year, convert it to a decimal to represent the number of years by dividing by 12. For example, if your CD matures in 9 months, divide 9 by 12 to find the CD will mature in 0.75 years, then multiply that number by the number of times per year the interest is compounded.
5. Raise the number found in Step 2 to the power of the number found in Step 4. For example, you would raise 1.0025 to the 36th power and get about 1.094. You can use a scientific calculator to do this by using the y^x function.
6. Multiply the amount of money you put into the CD by the number found in Step 5. For example, if you put $5,000 in the CD, you would multiply it by 1.094 to find the value at maturity would be $5,470.26.
Tags: interest compounded, found Step, number found, number found Step, times year
Many insurance companies have very strict guidelines in place before they will approve any patient for a breast reduction. The best way to determine whether or not you are eligible is to speak with your physician about the problems your breasts are creating and your insurance company to see if you match their criteria.
Considerations
Insurance companies only consider covering a breast reduction if the candidate suffers severe back pain--especially in the upper region of the back--and if the breasts are large enough to rub together, causing constant skin irritation. These rashes can often be severe enough to cause sores under and between the breasts, and are often painful. Insurance companies may want you to try exhausting all other options before they consider covering a breast reduction.
Effects
Overly large breasts can have various effects on a woman. Some women suffer mental distress from having to bear the weight of so much breast tissue; other women may be plagued with constant back pain. If you've tried chiropractic services, physical therapy and back braces to ease the effects of large breasts, you may be able to convince your insurance company to cover the costs of a reduction.
What You Need
In order to be considered for a breast reduction, get a copy of all of your medical documentation stating the problems you have suffered. Sign consent forms for release of any information from your doctor, physical therapist or chiropractor relating to the issue of a breast reduction. Insurance companies may request picture documentation, as well as your height and weight, in order to proceed with the determination proceedings.
Prevention/Solution
In order to ensure that you get approved, follow all of the recommendations that your insurance company and family physician provide. Fredrick J. Duffy Jr., M.D., states that "although some medical research indicates loss of weight will not result in a decrease in the size of breasts, some insurance plans will require a patient to first lose weight prior to trying surgery."
Advice
Your insurance company will contact you once your application for a breast reduction has been reviewed to let you know whether you have been approved or denied. If you have questions regarding the procedure in determining your eligibility, call your insurance company and ask. If you have been denied, you're allowed to ask why and find out what you can do to appeal.
Tags: breast reduction, insurance company, Insurance companies, your insurance, before they, consider covering
Church announcements are a vital communication tool for congregations. A typical page of church announcements will list upcoming church events, weddings, memorial services, birthdays and requests for prayer. It's important to write clearly and directly, but there's no need for church announcements to be boring.
Instructions
1. All event announcements should include the date, time and location of the event. Be as specific as possible--for example, a time might read "6:30 p.m. to help with setup, 7:30 p.m. start." A location might read "at the western end of the parking lot, under the oak tree."
2. Make it clear who is invited to an event. Is the recital strictly for members of the congregation, or is the general public welcome? A class might be intended for married couples, while a meeting may be restricted to members of the planning committee. Do attendees need to RSVP or buy tickets? If so, when is the deadline?
3. Include a contact person for every announcement. For church events, this may be the church secretary. For private events such as weddings and memorials, it will usually be a family member. Always get permission from the contact personbefore publishing their phone number or e-mail address.
4. Be upfront about costs. Don't be afraid to point out a good deal--"We have a group discount for church groups, so bowling night is only $7.50 per person!" It's also wise to let people know in advance if donations will be solicited.
5. Where possible, check with all people named in an announcement before publishing. A well-meaning friend may ask to place a prayer request for someone coping with grief or illness when that person would rather keep their situation private.
6. Personalize announcements with special details. For example, the announcement for a memorial service might include a favorite Bible verse of the deceased. Or, include a funny fact about the bride and groom in wedding announcements.
7. Spread excitement about upcoming events with fun teasers. Has something wacky already been donated for the silent auction? Is the pastor or priest practicing his tennis swing for Family Day? If it's a recurring event, recall a memorable moment from last time.
8. Liven up an announcements page with jokes and stories submitted by members of the congregation. Scan and include artwork from the nursery or Sunday school, or profile a community member. Including fun elements in church announcements will ensure people look forward to reading each week.
Tags: announcements will, before publishing, church announcements, church announcements will, church events, contact person, members congregation
DCIS, or ductal carcinoma in situ, is a noninvasive breast cancer which, according to the American Cancer Society, accounts for approximately 1 out of every 5 new cases of breast cancer. This is a stage 0 cancer, which is the earliest form, with an excellent recovery rate.
Significance
Since DCIS is contained to the ducts of the breast, a mastectomy, which removes those ducts, effectively stops the rate of DCIS recurrence. The cancer that may recur, however, is of an invasive nature and may appear in the lymph nodes or muscle tissue and spread to other areas of the body.
Mastectomy Recurrence Rates
A simple mastectomy, which removes all of the breast tissue but leaves lymph nodes and muscle tissue in place is generally the preferred mastectomy method. Radical mastectomies, which remove all lymph nodes and underlying muscle tissues are usually only indicated for more invasive cancer. According to the National Cancer Institute, the rate of recurrence after having a mastectomy ranges from 1 to 2 percent.
Treatment Options and Recurrence Rates
Breast cancer can recur after treatment, usually in the same area in which it originally emerged. According to Imaginis.com, a woman receiving a mastectomy is at a slightly lower risk of recurrence than women who receive a lumpectomy and radiation (which is characterized by a recurrence rate of 8 to 10 percent).
Single vs. Double Mastectomy
According to BreastCancer.org, increasing numbers of women are opting for a double mastectomy since approximately 0.6 percent of women diagnosed with DCIS in one breast, have a risk of developing either DCIS or invasive breast cancer in the other breast.
Deciding on Your Treatment
Imaginis.com points out that mastectomies offer a nearly 100 percent cure rate; however, many patients with DCIS may benefit equally from more conservative treatment (lumpectomy/radiation treatment). Talk to your doctor to determine the right treatment for you.
Tags: lymph nodes, breast cancer, cancer which, lumpectomy radiation, lymph nodes muscle, mastectomy which
Dr. George Papanicolaou (1883 to 1962) developed the Pap Smear in 1941 assisted by Dr. Traut. This painless and simple procedure is used to detect precancerous changes in the cervix (the key words are precancerous changes). Cervical cancer takes 10 to 20 years to develop. The earlier any signs are detected the better the cure.
No Pathological Changes
A Pap smear may return with a finding of No Pathological Changes. This means the tissues of the cervix are of normal size and shape. There are no signs of abnormalities.
Inflammation
The results can detect signs of inflammation related to swelling or redness of the tissues taken from the Pap Smear.
ASCUS
In a finding of Atypical Cells of Undetermined Significance, the changes show 95 to 98 percent may be due to inflammation or 2 to 5 percent to pre-malignant changes.
AGCUS
Atypical Glandular Cells of Undetermined Significance means some abnormal glandular cells are present and may be due to (80 to 85 percent) inflammation and (10 to 15) percent pre-cancerous changes.
Malignant Cells Present
Malignant Cells Present means the Pap Smear result is positive for cancerous cells.
Other Detections
A Pap Smear can also detect Bacterial vaginosis, Trichomonos infection and some Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD).
Veterinary technicians perform certain medical procedures to assist the veterinarian.
If you want to work around animals, you might consider a career as a veterinary technician. You'll be able to help animals in distress, as well as provide useful information to pet owners. You can receive training in classes either online or in brick-and-mortar institutions, as well as through on-the-job training in a veterinarian's office.
Schools
Two-year associate degrees from accredited American Veterinary Medical Association community college programs are required for veterinary technicians. If you want to go further in your career, you can enroll in a four-year program that results in becoming a veterinary technologist. Every state requires a veterinary technician to successfully pass an exam upon completion of the veterinary technician program. The exam tests for proficiency and competency and consist of oral and written testing along with practical applications. This results in either becoming registered, certified or licensed, depending upon the state. In addition, the results can be transferred from state to state, provided both states used the same exam.
Classes
As a veterinary technician, you'll be taking extensive math and science courses. The more math and science you have in your background prior to enrolling in the course, the better prepared you'll be, since both areas figure prominently in becoming a veterinary technician. Math skills are important due to the nature of the work, involving medication requirements based upon the weight of the animal being treated. This is why having a solid background in algebra could be useful. Having a solid background in science is also important. Classes that you'll take before becoming a veterinary technician include animal physiology, as well as animal anatomy and basic medical procedures. Coursework will also include classes in parasitology.
Other Requirements
Since some vet techs will also work in the administrative part of the office, you might also take classes in basic office software. You'll also want to focus on communication classes, since you'll be dealing with clients on a daily basis. Training will also include teaching you observation skills. Since you'll be dealing with animals that cannot tell you how they are feeling, you'll need to watch them to determine when they're not comfortable. Many veterinary technician programs also require the students fulfill a period of time as interns in veterinary clinics and animal hospitals.
Salary
The average veterinary technician makes around $29,000 a year, with a small percentage only making $19,000 a year on the low end of the scale and $41,000 on the high end of the scale. In May 2009, most veterinary technicians earned between $23,000 and $34,000 a year, according to the Bureau of labor Statistics.
Tags: veterinary technician, becoming veterinary, will also, also include, becoming veterinary technician
You have written your project proposal, found great references and applied for your fellowship. Now it is time for the interview. Many fellowship recipients feel that the interview process is the most nerve wracking and difficult part of the application process. Here are some ideas about what you can do to ensure a successful interview.
Instructions
1. Prepare for the interview by reviewing old student reports. Most fellowship committees make this information available to applicants and will include student feedback, questions that they were asked and a review of the general tone of the fellowship interview. These reports can be very helpful in preparing you for your own interview.
2. Be very familiar with, and confident about, your project proposal and application essay, as you will be asked various probing questions about what you have written. Be prepared to defend your research proposal, choice of university or research location and the work of people that you have cited in your proposal.
3. Catch up on current local, national and international news, so that you can present an educated and informed opinion when your interviewers question you. You are being asked to perform an ambassadorial leadership role, so you must prove that you are aware of what is happening in the world and be able to provide intelligent responses.
4. Remain calm and collected. Appear relaxed and be aware of nervous habits, such as: touching your hair, smiling constantly, fumbling or saying, "Um" repeatedly. Always greet the panel kindly with a handshake, maintain eye contact and engage the entire committee instead of focusing on one single individual.
5. Consider each question carefully and try to keep your answers concise, interesting and insightful. It is better to pause for a moment to think about your answer than to jump into a long and confusing response. Be honest and admit that you cannot answer a question if you do not know the answer.
6. Prepare a closing response, as most often the fellowship panel will ask if there is anything else that you would like to add. Keep the responses brief and honest and never forget to say, "Thank you."
7. Participate in your university's fellowship workshops and practice interviews. Contact the dean or registrar to find more information about interview practice before you have been notified of the time and date of your interview.
Tags: about what, about your, have written, project proposal, your interview, your project, your project proposal
Paying for cancer treatment can bankrupt patients.
It's frustrating how bills pile up during cancer treatment. Besides expensive medications and never-ending visits to doctors, a patient often cannot work during treatment, exacerbating financial stress. However, many organizations have money available to help you pay for treatment.
Nonprofit Help
The National Cancer Institute offers a database of organizations willing to help cancer patients with costs, from lodging during treatment, to everyday expenses like rent. Some organizations target specific diseases like breast cancer, while others, such as the American Cancer Society, help people suffering from any type of cancer.
Hospital
Some treatment centers may offer financial assistance for patients having financial trouble. A federal government program called Hill-Burton gives hospitals money to reduce the cost of services for low-income families. Even if you don't qualify as low-income, your hospital might offer financial help.
Co-Pay Help
The organization CancerCare offers patients with qualifying income levels help paying drug co-pays, including for chemotherapy. The organization considers income, insurance coverage and the amount of funding available when determining how much it will help any one patient.
Tags: cancer treatment, during treatment, offer financial, patients with
Sonographers can specialize in several fields, including vascular technology, neurosonolology and opthalmology.
Diagnostic medical sonography is a field with multiple points of entry. Sonographers provide one-on-one care to patients via a procedure that uses high frequency sound waves to see internal organs, blood flow and tissues. Individuals wishing to enter this medical field may do so through an accredited two year, four year or vocational certificate program. The Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs, or CAAHEP, is responsible for accrediting the academic programs and the Joint Review Committee on Education in Diagnostic Medical Sonography, or JRCDMS, has established national education curricula.
Common Curriculum
The specific classes required for students will vary by academic institution; however they should fulfill the requirements set forth by JRCDMS. The required general education classes include fundamental mathematics and statistics, physics, communication, psychology and information technology. Anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology are all required as is medical ethics and instruction on patient care. Sonography specific courses include basic principles of sonography, instrumentation and work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
Abdomen and Cardiac
Aside from general sonography education, medical sonographers are required to receive extra education on certain areas of the body. JRCDMS established specific education requirements regarding the abdominal area, which include detailed information about each abdominal organ, male and female reproductive organs and information specific to children and infants. Sonographers are taught to determine normal versus pathological conditions and to prioritize their assessments. Cardiac sonography and education revolves around the heart and diseases associated with it. Cardiac sonography is known as an echocardiogram and is often practiced as a specialized field of medicine and sonography.
OBGYN and Vascular
Obstetrics and gynecology is a field that is most commonly associated with diagnostic medical sonography and one that also requires specialized education. Education revolves around being able to identify fetal and extra-fetal anatomy throughout gestation as well as recognizing normal and abnormal fetal and uterine characteristics. Gynecological education is similar, focusing on the normal and pathological findings specific to the female reproductive system. Vascular training is another area of sonography that revolves around fluid dynamics as they are associated with hemodynamics and vascular complications. Often vascular sonography is used in conjunction with other imaging modalities.
Educational Pathways
Individuals may obtain their education as a diagnostic medical sonographer through an accredited or nonaccredited academic institution. Associates degrees are available in the field along with bachelor programs at four-year colleges. All of the educational pathways available require clinical education and hands-on training in the field. Some hospitals and vocational schools also offer programs in diagnostic medical sonography. Choosing the right pathway for your individual lifestyle is key as well as attending an accredited institution. The benefit of attending a CAAHEP-accredited program is the ability to sit for certification examinations in order to become a registered sonographer, although this is not mandatory for employment purposes.
One of the most important things a person can learn is think critically.
The sooner a person learns to examine evidence in a rigorous, critical manner, the easier it is for them to avoid being taken advantage of by crooks and charlatans. Most critical thinking strategies are Socratic and teacher-centric. It's your job to coax new thoughts from your students and demonstrate new ways to apply true reason.
Occam's Razor
Slice through the least-likely possibilities in any given situation with Occam's Razor. This is a technique that, according to The Skeptic's Dictionary, utilizes the "principle of parsimony. These days it is usually interpreted to mean something like 'the simpler the explanation, the better.'"
To teach this principle, introduce an age-appropriate problem to your students. For example, tell your first graders that you can't find your dog. Have them play detective, working out what likely happened, and how the situation can be most logically resolved.
Intellectual Curiosity
Help to develop a person's innate curiosity to figure out the truth. When a person stops asking "why?," he is stepping away from critical thinking. Even simple things should not be accepted on faith, as they could still be wrong.
Instill respect for credible sources and reliable information. Critical thinking means that a person must think critically about the sources he or she uses.
Teaching this can be accomplished by demonstrating the value of credible sources. If you're in a computer classroom, have students perform a simple Internet search for a topic relevant to your class. Most students will likely bring up crowd-sourced material that has not been peer-reviewed or edited. That's when you bring out a textbook or scholarly journal to demonstrate the difference in quality of information.
Fallacies
Define common fallacies for your students so they can recognize them in the arguments of other people.
The Planetary Society isolates some of these. An "ad hominem" argument is one that attacks the person making the argument, and not the actual reasoning behind his or her position. An "argument from authority" shuts down critical thought by invoking the supremacy of someone who may or may not be right. A "straw man" argument is one in which a person so stereotypes the position of the opposition that it's easy to knock down the stereotype, if not the actual opinion. When someone uses such an argument against your student, she will be able to get the discussion back on track by identifying the fallacy.
Teach this in your class by actually using these fallacies. Tell high school students that Leonardo da Vinci, in spite of the amazing technical and anatomical drawings he did, wasn't very smart because he was never married. Students will note that your criticism is full of flawed thinking. First, as relationship status doesn't relate to a person's intelligence, it is a red herring. Second, it is a kind of ad hominem argument, a simplistic attack on da Vinci.
Brain cancer during the final stages can be unpredictable and overwhelming for the patient and for the family. It is important to understand what to expect during the final stages to be prepared and maintain a strong support system.
Statistics
According to American Cancer Society statistics, 22,070 people (12,010 men and 10,060 women) will be diagnosed with brain cancer; 12,920 of whom will die. Three out of five patients who suffer from brain cancer are male. Brain cancer can appear at any age, although cases are most common in early or middle adulthood.
Physical Symptoms
The physical symptoms during the late stages are dependent on the location of the tumor and its size. They may include vomiting, seizures, eyesight problems such as double vision, dizziness, abnormal pulse, headaches and difficulty walking or speaking and high blood pressure.
In the final stages of brain cancer, cancer cells often spread not only within the brain but to the lungs and other parts of the body. Seizures may occur and tumors can cause the body to weaken and feel paralyzed. Decreased food intake and darkened urine production also are symptoms that occur during the final stages of brain cancer.
Emotional Changes
The patient's mood may transform and he may become agitated more easily. He also may become withdrawn and suicidal. If steroids are used he may gain weight and his appearance may change. Patients will increasingly become withdrawn, confused and their skin will become cool to the touch.
Treatment
Some brain tumors may be removed by surgery with little or no damage to the brain, but the final stages are often more advanced and may involve unreachable tumors. Some treatments, such as surgery, radiation and chemotherapy focus on removing or stopping cell growth. However, these treatments are not without side effects, such as vomiting or nausea and also can affect the function of the brain. A physician can provide medication to help limit the nausea and vomiting, but the effect on the brain may not be avoided.
Management
Pain management is used to control pain and other symptoms that will occur during the final stages of brain cancer. If brain cancer has spread into the bone, it can cause severe pain in the entire body and will require regular management of pain through medication and alternative methods. Some of the treatments that may be used include physical exercise, massage therapy, pain medication, herbal remedies, acupuncture and nutritional changes to decrease pain and alleviate symptoms, as well as support the function of the immune system and organs.
Consideration
During this final stage it will be important to decide whether hospice care or home hospice care is the best option for the patient with brain cancer. The changes resulting from the final stages of brain cancer can be difficult for a family and the patient to deal with. It is therefore important to communicate and determine what care options are available and would best suit the needs of the patient.
Tags: final stages, during final, during final stages, final stages brain, stages brain, stages brain cancer, brain cancer
Approximately 70 percent of women approaching menopause experience premenopausal symptoms. These symptoms of the imbalance of hormones estrogen, testosterone and progesterone can last for a few months, years or for the rest of their lives. Treatments range from conventional hormonal-replacement therapy to alternative medicine. Various female cancers, heart disease and other illnesses have been associated with the conventional medical approach. The alternative approach is called bio-identical hormone therapy.
Symptoms of a Hormonal Imbalance
Many women experience hot flashes, night sweats, hair loss, facial hair, mood swings, depression, lack of motivation in normal activities, weight gain and heart palpitations during premenopause. These symptoms can interfere with daily life, and the disruptions have sent women to their doctors and alternative health practitioners for solutions.
Conventional Treatment and Risks
After a blood hormone test, conventional medicine involves replacing estrogen or using a estrogen-progestin combination.
A study of women taking a estrogen-progestin combination were at a slightly higher risk of developing heart disease, breast cancer, stroke or blood clots than women taking a placebo. Estrogen remains the most effective treatment for relief of troublesome menopausal hot flashes and night sweats. It can also ease vaginal symptoms of menopause, such as dryness, itching, burning and discomfort with intercourse. For women taking estrogen alone, there was no increased risk of breast cancer or heart disease, but there was an increases risk of stroke and blood clots as well as more abnormalities in mammogram tests.
Alternative Treatment and Risks
Alternative treatment involves lifestyle changes, acupuncture or herbal remedies. Since acupuncture can be costly and bring slow results, herbal remedies provide the easiest solution for most women. There are two types of herbs to help balance women's hormones during premenopause; phytoestrogen herbs such as black cohosh and dong quai, and non-estrogenic herbs such as Macafem that nourish the hormonal glands.
The risks aren't as life altering with alternative therapy, but there are some with the phytoestrogen herbs. Due to the fact that the they replace some of the missing hormones, women's bodies will produce less of their own and can cause the woman to become dependent on the herbs. Non-estrogenic herbs such as macafem pose a lower risk because they stimulate the woman's hormone glands to naturally produce the needed hormones rather than replace them.
Lifestyle Changes
Although a lifestyle change is the healthiest and safest way to eliminate premenopausal symptoms, it is the most difficult because of many restrictions and requirements. Some of these changes include a diet of estrogenic foods (including soy, yams, apples, cherries, and other healthy natural foods), a regular exercise program, reducing stress, and eliminating processed sugar and flour.
Before Starting Something New
Medicine isn't a one-size-fits-all solution. Before making any changes, whether they're conventional, alternative or lifestyle, discuss them with your doctor.
Tags: heart disease, herbs such, women taking, blood clots, breast cancer, during premenopause, estrogen-progestin combination
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a noninvasive type of breast cancer involving cells within the milk ducts of the breast. It is occasionally referred to as a precancerous or pre-invasive condition. The cancer cells typically stay contained within these milk ducts, unless they are left untreated for a long period of time, in which case they may grow through to surrounding breast tissue. DCIS may be local to one area of the breast or can affect multiple areas of the breast. Treatment may involve chemotherapy, radiation and/or hormonal therapy.
Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
According to the National Cancer Institute, DCIS accounts for approximately 18 percent of all diagnosed noninvasive breast cancers in the United States. DCIS rarely results in an identifiable tumor or lump and is therefore diagnosed by a mammogram in 80 percent of cases. There is dispute within the medical community as to the frequency with which DCIS would eventually grow into invasive breast cancer if left untreated, so annual mammograms are essential for women at risk of developing cancer.
Diagnosis
Because DCIS is generally asymptomatic, it is typically initially diagnosed when a doctor finds an abnormal area during a mammogram. The doctor will then take a biopsy of the abnormal tissue to identify whether the cells are cancerous. Occasionally, a localized biopsy may be necessary, in which a radiologist uses wire to guide the surgeon to remove a specific piece of tissue in the breast for a biopsy.
Treatment
Treatment varies depending on a patient's condition and physician and patient preferences. Treatment may involve a mastectomy or removal of the cancer while preserving the breast. A clinical study by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group was intended to study the success of breast-preserving surgery vs. a mastectomy, but the study ended early due to technical problems with the study. In either case, surgery may be accompanied by tamoxifen in certain circumstances.
Surgery
It is essential that all cancer cells are removed during surgery, along with a sufficient surrounding area, to ensure that all the DCIS is removed. If the DCIS is large, affects multiple areas of the breast and/or is high grade, a mastectomy may be recommended. This is generally a complete cure for most women and no other treatment is required. If the cancer has spread into the lymph nodes or is suspected to have spread, some lymph nodes will be removed during the mastectomy as well.
In certain instances, women opt for breast-saving surgery called wide local extension. In this case, the majority of the breast is saved and only the DCIS and some surrounding tissue is removed.
Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy or radiation involves the use of X-rays to destroy remaining abnormal/ cancerous or precancerous cells. Typically, only women with high-grade DCIS are given radiation after surgery. Typically, when necessary, radiation is given five days a week for between three and six weeks.
Hormone Therapy
If the cancer cells have estrogen receptors, or are ER positive, tamoxifen may be prescribed to block the effects of estrogen on the cancer's growth.
Tags: cancer cells, areas breast, breast cancer, Ductal Carcinoma Situ, left untreated
is the process of enlarging a woman's breasts through surgery. Breast augmentation surgery can either increase the volume of a woman's breasts or restore lost breast volume after weight loss or pregnancy.
Surgical Procedures
You will receive anesthesia for your breast enhancement surgery. Your doctor will help you understand your options for anesthesia and choose the best one for you and the type of surgery you are receiving.
During the surgery, the surgeon will make an incision either under the breast, under the nipple or in the underarm area. The incision location and size will depend upon the type of implant or enhancement you are receiving.
Implant Types
Breast implants can be made from silicone or saline. The type of implant you receive will depend on the desired result of the surgery, and your body shape and type. Saline implants can be made in different sizes and shapes for a variety of results. If one should happen to burst or become punctured, your body can naturally absorb the saline without difficulty.
Silicone implants also come in a variety of shapes and sizes. If a silicone implant leaks, there may be complications, so you may be advised to follow up with your physician to check the stability of your implants regularly.
Results
The results of your breast augmentation will be visible immediately after surgery. You will notice over time that any swelling you incurred from surgery will fade, as will your incision scars.
Other Breast Enhancements
If you do not wish to receive breast augmentation through implants, you can choose to have a breast lift instead. This surgery does not add size to your breasts, but it will lift and reshape them into a more desirable position. Women who are satisfied with their breast size but want a higher or firmer bust line may elect for this surgery instead of breast implants or augmentation.
Risks and Benefits
In some cases, you may be at risk for infection after your breast augmentation surgery. Punctured or leaking implants can cause health concerns, and as with any surgery there is a risk of a negative reaction to anesthesia. Breast augmentation surgery is best when it is performed by a trusted, board certified plastic surgeon. In most cases, risks are mild and side effects are rare.
Women who receive breast augmentation surgery find that they have increased confidence and are more satisfied with their appearance. This surgery may not be for everyone, but for women who are dissatisfied with their breast shape or size, breast augmentation can prove successful.
Tags: augmentation surgery, breast augmentation, with their, your breast, Breast augmentation surgery, breast augmentation surgery
In your science experimental work, you may often wish to identify the trend describing your data, by fitting a best-fit curve to your data. Often, graphing software will create this curve for you -- also known as the multivariate regression equation -- as well as the corresponding prediction interval, which shows how well your data is described by your regression equation. However, if you wish to calculate the prediction interval, known also as the R^2 value, you may do so by hand. The calculation, although tedious, is not difficult.
Instructions
1. Calculate the distance between each y-value predicted by your best-fit curve and each y-value. Square each distance, then sum the squares.
2. Calculate the distance between each actual y-value and the mean of all of the actual y-values. Square each distance, then sum the squares.
3. Divide your number in Step 1 by your number in Step 2.
4. Subtract your number in Step 3 from one. You will obtain a decimal number, such as .73. You may multiply this decimal by 100 percent, to show that the prediction interval is 73 percent, meaning that 73 percent of your data can be described well by your regression equation.
Tags: your data, number Step, regression equation, your number, your number Step
Premarin is an estrogen replacement drug. It's available as a tablet or topical cream. Premarin's primary uses include reducing menopausal symptoms, boosting maturity for slow-developing teenagers and lessening the effects of some forms of prostate and breast cancer. For younger females, physicians can prescribe Premarin cream for vaginal irritation. It's a common treatment for young girls 3 months to 6 years old, for labial adhesions (when the labial skin around the vagina sticks together). The North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology (NASPAG) warns that "estrogen preparations may occasionally cause side effects, especially if used for prolonged periods longer than a few weeks."
Breast Budding
Using estrogen cream for a prolonged time, more than eight weeks, in young girls can cause small amounts of breast development or other signs of puberty. According to an article on labial adhesions on the Keep Kids Healthy website, breast budding isn't "common with the short time of treatment recommended … especially if you are sure to concentrate the cream on the area of the adhesion and avoid other skin surfaces."
The site also advises the applier of the cream to wash her hands after treatment to ensure the Premarin isn't accidentally applied elsewhere on the toddler. If you do notice breast development, you should stop using the cream immediately. The budding will go away after discontinuation of the cream.
Irritation
Applying Premarin to the skin can cause various forms of irritation, even if it's only applied within the suggested time frame. Skin irritation will focus around the treatment area. It can include vaginal itching or mild vaginal burning.
The Premarin website also warns against inflammation of the vagina. Rashes and hives are considered a severe allergic reaction to the cream; stop application and seek medical attention immediately if you see these adverse effects.
Vaginal Bleeding
Premarin treatment can cause vaginal spotting or breakthrough bleeding. According to NASPAG, this effect most often occurs when the cream treatment ends. The effect will stop on its own eventually.
Bloating
Premarin can encourage fluid retention. This retention can cause bloating and swift weight changes. While this side effect is unlikely for toddlers, the drug should be used with caution if the child has kidney or heart problems, as these can be affected by excess fluid.
Tags: breast development, Effects Toddlers, labial adhesions, Premarin Side, Premarin Side Effects
The World Cancer Research Fund awards international grants for cancer research projects.
The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) provides funding grants for innovative cancer research projects. The WCRF receives applications for grant funding through two bases of operation located in London and Washington, DC. The WCRF grant and the American Institute of Cancer Research grant offer funding to hospitals, universities and research centers around the world.
WCRF International Research Grant Program
The focus of World Cancer Research Fund International involves uncovering the factors that contribute to cancer development. According to the World Cancer Research Fund International, the WCRF provides funding grants for research projects that address the development, prevention and management of cancer. Issues such as exercise, food, nutrition and causative factors are considered in treating cancer. Based out of London, the WCRF accepts grant applications from every continent except North, South and Central America, which are administered through a different program. Grant awards are issued annually based on a grant panel made up of leading scientists from around the world. Maximum grant award amounts are about 250,000 pounds, or $389,000.
Regular Grant and RFA Programs
The WCRF International Research Grant Program consists of two parts---the Regular Grant Program and the Request for Application (RFA) Program. According to the World Cancer Research Fund International, both the Regular and RFA Grant Programs address the effects of diet and weight management on cancer disease and development. The Regular Grant Program awards grants for projects that examine the effects of nutrition and exercise during different periods within the human life cycle, such as childhood, adulthood and old age. The RFA Grant Program delves deeper into these issues by identifying specific biomarkers that indicate cancer risk. Examples of biomarkers include abnormal blood level readings, DNA damage or elevated immune system responses. Grants awarded through the RFA Program address specific research areas that relate to knowledge contained within WCRF Expert Reports.
American Institute for Cancer Research Grant
The WCRF issues the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Grant to Canada, the Caribbean and North, South and Central America. According to the World Cancer Research Fund International, grant awards go to projects that focus on cancer prevention and cancer treatment methods. The AICR grant has three award categories--matching grants, postdoctoral awards and investigator-initiated grants. The AICR grant is endorsed by the National Cancer Institute with review panels consisting of the top researchers within the United States. As part of the postdoctoral award grant, the AICR offers the Marilyn Gentry Fellowship Program to doctoral students in an attempt to develop leaders within the cancer research area. According to the American Institute for Cancer Research, the program is a two-year fellowship that focuses on cancer prevention, nutritional research, and cancer treatment approaches.
Tags: World Cancer, World Cancer Research, Cancer Research Fund, Research Fund, Grant Program
Macular degeneration is a chronic eye disease that typically affects people over the age of 50. The macula of the eye (an area of the retina responsible for central vision) deteriorates, causing blurred vision or a blind spot in the center of the field of vision. Peripheral vision remains stable.
Magnifiers
A very widely used reading aid for macular degeneration is the magnifier, as central vision loss greatly affects close-up or detail work. The many types include handheld magnifiers, spectacle types, electronic tabletop or portable magnifiers and magnifiers that hook up to a computer monitor or TV screen.
Lighting
Proper lighting, especially certain lamps with intensely focused strength, can be especially helpful for vision loss. Some kinds of bulbs are better than others for macular degeneration. While full-spectrum lighting may have health benefits, it is harmful for people with macular degeneration in particular. White light (under 5000 Kelvins), according to mdsupport.org, is best for persons with this condition.
Large-Print Materials
Many books, magazines and newspapers are available in large-print versions for those with difficulty seeing small print.
Reading Lenses
Reading glasses of the proper strength are crucial for people with macular degeneration. Some glasses have special lenses for activities such as watching television; some have telescoping lenses for hands-free magnification. There are absorptive lenses that block different types of light. Some lenses reduce glare, which can be problematic for people with macular degeneration.
Talking Tools
People can listen instead of look by using talking books, or audiobooks, talking calculators and talking dictionaries.
Tags: macular degeneration, people with, people with macular, with macular, with macular degeneration, central vision
Most employees are either paid on an hourly or salary basis. An hourly employee receives payment according to how many hours worked during the pay period. A salaried employee generally receives a set amount in a given period no matter how many hours she works. A number of other regulations apply to salary employees.
Identification
Salary basis means that the employee receives a guaranteed minimum amount of pay each pay period. The amount can be all or part of her pay. Unlike an hourly employee's income, which can fluctuate each payday, the employee's salary stays constant unless she has a pay or deduction change.
Exemptions
The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) is the federal law that sets the standards for which employees are labeled as exempt or nonexempt. An exempt employee is excluded from the FLSA overtime pay requirements; a nonexempt employee is not. While most salaried employees are exempt, a salaried employee can be nonexempt. If the salaried employee does not meet the FLSA exempt criteria, he's salaried nonexempt and qualifies for overtime.
Work Criteria
The employer must pay a salaried worker her entire salary, regardless of days or hours worked. If she performs no work for the workweek, the employer does not have to pay her for that week. As long as she is ready, willing and able to work, she is entitled to her full salary, even if little or no work is available.
Deductions
The employer can deduct from salary if the deduction is permissible. Allowed deductions include offsetting amounts for jury duty or witness fees paid to the employee; overuse of benefit days, such as personal or vacation days; unpaid suspension for violating a major workplace safety or conduct rule; uncompensated leave taken under the Family Medical Leave Act; and during the first or last week of employment if the employee does not work the entire week. The employer can deduct in full-day increments only. If the employee takes 3 1/2 days off, for example, the employer deducts for three days only.
Timekeeping/Recordkeeping
Employers are not required to keep a record of hours worked for exempt employees, only for nonexempt workers. Still, the employer can require that all employees clock in and out, if it wants to. Many employers do not require salaried exempt employees to use a time clock, since they are not eligible for overtime and are not paid according to hours worked.
Pain in bone cancer patients is primarily caused by the actual treatment of the disease. Each patient's experience and degree of pain will vary with his condition. Psychological factors may influence how much pain a patient experiences. While doctors can prescribe a whole slew of conventional pharmaceuticals to address this condition, there are several alternative medicines to alleviate or reduce the pain caused by bone cancer.
Nutritional Medicine
Nutritious foods and vitamin supplements may act as natural medicinal healers for your body. Certain foods, such as beets, artichokes, onions, sea vegetables and dark leafy greens, work to support the immune system and detoxify the body. These foods are also high in antioxidants that may reduce pain.
A healthy heart is essential in preventing pain caused by bone cancer treatment.
To strengthen and protect your heart after chemotherapy, you can take several vitamin and mineral supplements--for example, vitamin C twice a day in 250-500 mg dosages, beta carotene in 50,000 IU doses twice a day and vitamin E twice a day in 400 IU dosages. You can take coenzyme Q10 three times per day in 100 mg doses, L-carnitine three times a day and 30 mg of zinc once a day.
You may reduce discomfort and painful side effects after chemotherapy by adding 300 mcg of selenium twice a day. A 500 mg dosage of glutathione twice a day will have the same effects.
There are also certain vitamins that will aid in the normal growth of your bones after treatment. (Healthy bone growth can reduce painful post-treatment side effects in your bones.) A 400 IU dosage per day of vitamin D will aid bone growth.
Magnesium can be taken in 200 mg doses three times a day, as well as 5 mg per day of vitamin K to provide the same pain relief. N-acetylcysteine can also minimize the effects of chemotherapy.
Herbal Medicine
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) is a great herb to help reduce the effects of toxins after chemotherapy. Harmful toxins in your body may be a leading cause of pain after treatment. You can take 120 mg of this herbal supplement to achieve its full benefits.
A healthy immune system is also essential in relieving pain from bone cancer. To support your immune system you should combine equal portions of mayapple root (Podophyllum peltatum), Corydalis yanhusuo, tag alder (Alnus serrulata), yellow dock (Rumex crispus) and figwort (Scrophularia nodosa).This mixture, in tincture form, should be taken for six months at a daily dosage of 30 drops.
Homeopathic Medicines
If you experience pain as a bruised sensation, you can take Arnica Montana. Eupatorium, on the other hand, is for an aching pain in your bones that becomes worse when you walk or move. This homeopathic medicine is indicated when the pain is excruciating, and when you feel chill and stiffness in your bones.
Tags: your bones, after chemotherapy, bone cancer, immune system, three times, after treatment
Most U.S. states require drivers to carry auto accident insurance. In Alabama, there are laws regarding not only how much insurance the driver must carry, but what types of claims he can make and the circumstances under which he can make them. Drivers who get into accidents while on the job should be especially careful, as workers' compensation benefits in Alabama can cancel out auto insurance benefits.
Types of Claims
Alabama law views property damage claims and bodily injury claims separately. An insurance company may provide benefits for a property damage claim and not for a bodily injury claim or vice versa. The insurance company cannot base its decision regarding one type of claim on the outcome of another type of claim. For example, it cannot decide to provide only a small benefit for property damage because it provided a large bodily injury benefit and doesn't want to spend more than a pre-determined amount on benefits.
Release of Liability
Property damage claims and bodily injury claims are considered liability claims in Alabama. The person making the claim must sign a release of liability to settle the claim --- if she disagrees with her insurance company's determination, she can refuse to sign the release and further pursue the claim. Since property damage and bodily injury claims are separate claims, a driver can settle one claim by signing a release but still leave the other one open. Signing a release waives the claimant's right to take legal action regarding the claim.
Mandatory Liability Limits
Alabama law requires all motorists to carry a particular amount of liability insurance on their vehicles. As of May 2011, motorists in Alabama must carry at least $25,000 worth of liability insurance for bodily injury or death to one person in an accident. Motorists must also carry at least $50,000 worth of insurance for bodily injury or death to all persons involved in an accident and $25,000 worth of insurance for property damage.
Uninsured Motorists
As of 2011, Alabama law states that an uninsured motorist is only liable to an insured motorist if the uninsured motorist is at fault for the accident. In addition, the insured motorist must not accept workers' compensation funds if the accident occurred in the course of doing his job, as it would be double dipping to receive workers' compensation funds and auto insurance benefits for the same accident.
An amniocentesis procedure is performed for a variety of reasons. Reasons can include genetic disorders, an abnormal result from a prenatal screening test and determining if your fetus has an infection. There are many risks associated with an amniocentesis. According to the Mayo Clinic, an amniocentesis performed before 15 weeks in your pregnancy has a higher incidence of miscarriage. It is recommended that you follow your physician's guidelines following an amniocentesis procedure in order to minimize potential risks to you and your unborn baby.
Instructions
1. Opt to have someone drive you home.
Have your partner or a family member drive you home following the procedure. If your physician recommends bed rest, remain inactive for a day.
2. Stay home from work for a couple of days. It's best to avoid strenuous activities.
3. Avoid sexual intercourse for 24 hours after your procedure. Sexual intercourse can induce cramping.
4. Keep hydrated after your procedure. Be sure to empty your bladder every one to two hours to prevent urinary infections from developing.
5. Have someone else care for your kids.
Have a family member or your partner care for your children if you have children at home. It's important to not let your children disturb you.
6. Over-the-counter medications can ease your discomfort.
Take over-the-counter pain medications to help with cramping. Take the recommended dosage as advised by your physician. You may experience lower abdominal cramping and back pain for a few hours after your procedure.
Tags: after your, after your procedure, your physician, your procedure, amniocentesis procedure, care your
Taking blood pressure readings at the ankle, also known as blood pressure in the calf, is done when blood pressure cuffs are a poor fit for the size or shape of both arms and when blood pressure readings cannot be taken on either arm due to swelling, injury, surgery, graft, double mastectomy or amputation. Another need for ankle blood pressure measurement occurs with the possibility of peripheral vascular disease. To test for this condition, the doctor takes blood pressure readings on all four limbs, comparing the higher reading for the legs with the higher reading for the arms.
Instructions
1. Select a blood pressure cuff of the proper size. The "bladder" of the cuff (the inflatable portion) should cover at least 80 percent of the circumference of the leg.
2. Position the subject on her back, mention that you will return in 15 minutes and suggest that she relax during that time.
3. Bend the subject's leg at the knee, keeping the foot flat.
4. Close the cuff around the leg, with its lower edge about 1 inch above the protuberances on the inside and outside of the ankle, aligning the artery mark on the cuff above the artery in the ankle between the Achilles tendon and the inner ankle bone. Tighten the valve on the cuff so air won't escape. Make sure the gauge is in a position to be read easily.
5. Position the stethoscope ear pieces so they are angled forward in the ears. Feel for the pulse just below the lower edge of the cuff. Place the diaphragm of the stethoscope on this spot. Listen to the pulse.
6. Squeeze the bulb to inflate the cuff. Continue squeezing until the gauge reads 30 mm of mercury (Hg) above the point at which the pulse could no longer be heard.
7. Open the blood pressure valve slowly so that pressure falls at a rate of about 2 mm Hg per second.
8. At the first sound, take a reading---this is the systolic pressure. At the final sound, take another reading---this is the diastolic pressure. Open the valve completely.
Approximately two-thirds of all recurrences or returns of breast cancer occur within the breast originally affected by the cancer. The majority of times, breast cancer returns very close to the spot where the original cancer was diagnosed. If cancer does not occur at or close to the original spot, it may be considered a new cancer as opposed to a recurrence. This new cancer might occur in a different spot in the same breast or in the other breast.
Returning Breast Cancer
Approximately one-third of local returning breast cancers (cancers that reoccur in the same spot as the original cancer only, with no spread to lymph nodes or other body parts) are identified during a mammogram. One-third are identified during a physical exam, either by a doctor or the patient herself. The final third are found using both mammograms and physical exams.
In 80 percent of returning breast cancer cases, the breast cancer returns only to the spot where the original cancer was (a localized recurrence or local return), and there is no cancer anywhere else in the body.
Local Recurrence
Signs of local recurrence include the formation of a lump at the spot of the cancer, which grows and persists. Thickening of the breast skin near the original site of the cancer, swelling or redness may also be signs of a local return (although they may also be caused by the cancer treatment or a breast infection called mastitis). However, the appearance of a lump does not always signify a return of breast cancer. Lumps can also be caused by the breakdown of fatty tissue from the original cancer treatments, or scar tissue from the original treatment. Local recurrence or return is still possible in women who have had mastectomies. In that case, the lump or skin changes typically occur in the skin or tissue that remains where the breast originally was.
Regional Recurrence
Regional return of breast cancer involves the return of cancer to the original location, accompanied by the presence of cancer cells in the lymph nodes of the arm, collarbone or neck, or in the breastbone, ribs or chest muscles. This is more serious and more difficult to treat than a local return or recurrence. Signs and symptoms of a regional recurrence include swollen lymph nodes under the armpit closest to the breast that was affected by the cancer, and/or swollen lymph nodes in the neck or collarbone.
Distant Recurrence
A distant recurrence or return means that the cancer appears somewhere else in the body besides the breast. This is very dangerous because it means the cancer has metastasized and is no longer curable. Symptoms of distant recurrence include pain in the bones (if bone metastases are present), weight loss (usually associated with liver metastases) or difficulty breathing (a symptom of lung metastases). Common areas of metastases for breast cancer include the chest wall, the bones, the lungs, the liver and the brain.
Reducing the Risk of Recurrence
Treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation following an initial breast surgery may help to prevent a recurrence or return of breast cancer. Continued therapy for several years following a breast cancer diagnosis may help to minimize the chances of breast cancer returning. Hormone receptive cancer may be treated with a continued dosage of hormone control therapy and estrogen blockers for a period of 5 years or greater following the remission of the original cancer.
Tags: breast cancer, original cancer, lymph nodes, local return, recurrence include, recurrence return
The front desk is the often the introduction to the company. Certainly the front office reception department reflects the organizational culture of the company. Therefore the person holding the position of front desk receptionist does too. First impressions are of utmost importance in corporate America, but there is more involved in this position than making impressions to outside visitors. The front desk receptionist is a multifaceted position that if divided into job tasks could easily require several employees.
Benefits
The front desk receptionist is the first point of introduction. The front desk receptionist greets customers/clients. Customers/clients are announced to the back office or executive secretarial staff with the use of email or an intercom system from the front desk receptionist. Often the front desk receptionist can be run interference when the executive does not want to be disturbed. The front desk reception department is capable of handling administrative overflow so that contract/temporary workers are not needed
Features
The front desk receptionist position falls under the category of administration. Most front desk receptionists report to HR directly, an administrative coordinator or office manager. Multi-tasking is more than simply a buzzword with the front desk receptionist. During lulls, the front desk receptionist can transition to file clerk or other administrative personnel seamlessly. This eliminates the need for additional administrative personnel in the front office where files may be located.
Considerations
The front desk reception department is one that requires confidentiality. It is a position that requires training to master. The person selected for the position of front desk receptionist has the responsibility to uphold HIPPA, FERPA and any other regulatory security codes and standards. Background checks of candidates should be considered mandatory by hiring managers.
Duties
As the front desk receptionist rarely has direct reports, the position requires the ability to excel in time management as well as customer excellence. Some primary duties of the front desk receptionist are: answering phones, greeting customers/clients, filing, backup support of other departments (e.g., accounting), catering, meeting set-up and teardown, building tours, sorting and distributing mail.
Expectations
It is expected that a front desk receptionist have the same abilities of an administrative assistant, as the duties are only slightly different. Competency levels in Microsoft Office or other office automation should be above basic. Where an administrative assistant generally performs administrative duties in the back office, the front desk receptionist is in the sight of everyone coming in the office at all times. With this in mind the front desk receptionist's conduct is always professional. It is also expected that front desk receptionist knows daily priorities, as distracting and often less important tasks come up at a moment's notice.
Tags: front desk, desk receptionist, front desk receptionist, reception department, administrative assistant