Physicals & Health Assessments

Physicals and health assessments may help prevent and detect diseases.

With two-thirds of the U.S. population obese or overweight according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, physicals and other health assessments are important parts of preventative medicine. The National Institutes of Health states that the goals of physical exams and health assessments are to screen for diseases, assess your risk of future medical problems, promote a healthy lifestyle, update your vaccinations and help maintain a relationship with your doctor.

Physical Exam

During a physical exam, a doctor examines you to ensure your overall health is good. Generally, a doctor measures your height and weight and assesses your temperature with a thermometer. She also checks your blood pressure, uses a stethoscope to listen to your heart and other organs for abnormal activity, examines your eyes with an ophthalmoscope and examines your mouth, ears and nose with an otoscope. Your doctor will ask a series of questions about your overall health. It's a good idea to come prepared with your own list of questions as well.

Men

Many types of health assessments are important for men. Starting at age 35, men should get a cholesterol level test at least every five years. Men should also get a blood pressure level test every two years. Men should be screened for colorectal cancer starting at age 50. It's also important for men to regularly check their testicles for lumps and painful spots. Normally a physician will perform this test during a physical examination. Other common health assessment tests for men include diabetes tests, depression screenings, prostate cancer tests and sexually transmitted diseases tests.

Women

Like men, women should get a cholesterol test every five years beginning at age 35, get a blood pressure test every two years and get tested for colorectal cancer starting at age 50. In addition, women should get a mammogram every one to two years starting at age 40. Younger women should have a pelvic exam and Pap smear every one to two years starting at age 21. Women should also do a monthly breast examination themselves to check for lumps, which may help detect breast cancer. Additional health assessments for women include diabetes assessments, depression assessments, osteoporosis tests and STD tests.

Senior Citizens

Senior citizens aged 65 and older should see their doctor for additional tests and assessments. The abdominal aortic aneurysm screening is important for men between the ages of 65 and 75 who are smokers. Senior citizens should get their blood pressure tested every year and in some cases more often. To screen for colon cancer, senior citizens should get either a stool test every year, flexible sigmoidoscopy every five years along with a stool guaiac test, a colonoscopy every ten years or a computed tomographic colonography.

Prevention/Solution

While physicals and health assessments are important, you can take preventative action by partaking in certain behaviors. Eat a healthy diet full of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, healthy oils and lean meats. Participate in regular physical activity. Don't smoke. Drink in moderation. Such behaviors can help prevent disease and help you maintain long-term health.

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Courses Needed To Earn A Degree As A Radiology Technician

A processed MRI image.

State license requirements to work as a radiology technician vary by location. However, the national organization for certifying radiology technicians in the United States is the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists or ARRT. College and technical schools design their curriculum to prepare candidates for the ARRT exam. The standard course of study involves earning an Associate of Applied Science (AAS) degree with an emphasis on radiologic technology.

Degree Plans

Although, the degree plan varies somewhat from college to college, the overall course of study requires certain basic standards of an AAS curriculum along with elective courses in radiologic technology. Credit hours needed to obtain the AAS degree also vary from institution to institution but are generally between 60 and 80 credit hours, with approximately one-third of the credits in basic courses and two-thirds in specialty courses.

Basic Courses

As part of the core curriculum to obtain an AAS degree, generally one or two English composition classes are required. In most programs one humanities course -- literature, art appreciation, and an introduction to philosophy are examples; one mathematics course, from offerings such as college algebra, general mathematics, or basic calculus; one social science course, which may be U.S. or world history; and two natural science courses are required. The natural science courses may be two courses of human anatomy and physiology, or one course of human anatomy and physiology and one course of medical terminology or a similar offering pertaining to human biology.

Elective Specialization Courses

A degree directed toward radiology technology (RDT) requires elective courses such as an introductory course to the field of radiology technology that provides students with a general overview of the applied science, terminology used in the specialty, and professional ethics. Courses in radiographic procedures are taught in both classroom and laboratory environments where instruction and practice in positioning patients for radiographic images in normal and trauma situations are provided. Several courses that teach students analyze and interpret images, for example read X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results are normally part of the curriculum.

Clinical Practice Courses

Clinical practice techniques are taught in a series of courses from basic to advanced allowing for professional interaction with patients and learning proper techniques for body positioning for various images of human anatomy. Advanced courses in clinical practice provide students with opportunities to practice skills in a supervised real-world environment and additionally teach techniques used in geriatric and juvenile imaging.

Advanced Courses

To complete the AAS degree in RDT, a number of advanced courses are also needed. For example, advanced radiography courses teach proper management to obtain quality results in mammography, digital imaging, ultrasound, MRI, computed tomography (CT) scans, and other imaging systems. Physics of radiation covers topics ranging from properties of electromagnetic radiation to X-rays. Additional advanced requirements vary depending on the institution.

Tags: human anatomy, anatomy physiology, anatomy physiology course, course study, elective courses, human anatomy physiology, natural science

Convert A Jpeg Photograph To Ocr

To convert a JPEG photograph of a document to Optical Character Recognition (OCR), an interim conversion step is necessary. The JPEG is first converted to a Portable Document Format (PDF) document, and then the document is scanned with an Optical Character Recognition engine. Adobe Acrobat (full version) includes features to accomplish both tasks, with the ability to take the image from JPEG to PDF, and then convert the image characters in the document to rendered text using Adobe Acrobat's OCR engine.

Instructions

Convert JPEG to PDF

1. Click the Windows "Start" button and select Adobe Acrobat from the Programs list. The Adobe Acrobat application will launch.

2. Click the "File" option from the top navigation bar in Acrobat.

3. Select "Open" from the menu.

4. Click the downward pointing arrow on the "Files of Type" drop-down box and select "All Files (*.*)" to show files other than PDFs.

5. Navigate to and select the JPEG file. Click the file to load into the Acrobat application.

6. Click the "File" option from the top navigation bar, and then select "Save As..."

7. Select the "Adobe PDF (*.pdf)" file type from the "Save as Type" drop-down box.

8. Click the "Save" button. The JPEG is now converted to a PDF document with the file extension of .pdf.

Run OCR on the PDF

9. Click the "Document" option from the top navigation bar.

10. Select "Recognize Text Using OCR" from the context menu, and then click the "Start" link. The OCR engine will launch and the OCR dialog box will appear.

11. Click the radio button in front of "Current Page" and click the "Edit" button. Three selection boxes will appear.

12. Select the language of the document in the first drop-down box.

13. Select "Formatted Text and Graphics" from the second drop-down box.

14. Select a DPI option from the third drop-down box. This selection will determine the quality of the graphics in the converted PDF.

15. Click "OK" to save and close the OCR options, and then click "OK" again to start the OCR engine. The OCR engine will proceed through the document and convert each image character that is recognized, into rendered text. If the OCR engine encounters ambiguous characters, a dialog box will appear and the user will be required to type the character, word or phrase for clarification.

16. Enter characters, words or phrases for each ambiguous character, and click "OK" after each entry. Continue until the end of the document is reached. A notification will appear when the OCR process has finished.

17.Click "OK" to close the OCR engine.

18. Click the "File" option from the top navigation bar, and select "Save" to save the finished document. The JPEG has now been converted to OCR rendered text for searching and accessibility.

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Salary Expectations For The Field Of Radiology

The field of radiology involves the use of techniques such as X-rays to look inside the body and diagnose medical conditions under the direction of a physician. Employees prepare patients for exams, explain procedures, position patients in the radiology machine and run procedures. One of their primary goals is to protect the patient from unnecessary radiation exposure. More advanced practitioners in radiology can also interpret the radiographic images.

Jobs

The biggest factor affecting salary in the radiology field is the type of job. According to The PayScale Report as of May 2010, radiologists can expect the highest yearly average at $85,000, followed closely by physician assistants, who earn $82,010. At the lower end, registered dental assistants get $25,490, while certified dental assistants make $30,000. Finally, radiology managers received $72,945, registered nurses are paid $60,750 and radiology techs are compensated at $42,475.

Experience

In general, the greater the experience, the higher the salary with those starting out expecting an average of $40,000 per year. Those with one to four years under their belts receive $48,385, while those with five to nine years make $55,971. At 10 to 19 years, they get $64,089 and add 20 or more years, they are paid $72,756.

Employer

Compensation can vary greatly among employers, with those in colleges and universities averaging the most at $110,000 per year. The federal government pays $43,090, while states and local jurisdictions grant $71,617. Self-employed workers make $60,000, while those in private practice receive $43,528. Finally, those working for hospitals make $61,790, and those in nonprofit organizations get $30,500.

Location

The city of employment can adjust pay, with workers in Chicago averaging the highest pay at $95,000 annually. Those in New York earn $57,391, while those in Atlanta make $70,000. Employees in Houston receive $69,950, and those in Austin get $55,000. Finally, radiology experts in Colorado Springs are paid $45,980, while those in Denver make $54,750. As for states, California averages the highest pay at $76,000, followed by Florida at $70,000. On the opposite end, Texas pays $50,080, followed by Georgia at $43,448.

Outlook

Although the Bureau of Labor Statistics does not define jobs according to skill, its predictions for radiology techs can prove a useful guide for those in the radiology field. This government department expects jobs to increase by 17 percent from 2008 to 2018, which is faster than average for all professions. The growing and aging population will demand more radiologic imaging to diagnose medical conditions and monitor treatment success.

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What Are Some Pms Supplements For Bloating

What Are Some PMS Supplements for Bloating?

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a condition caused by fluctuating hormone levels prior to menstruation. There are a number of nutritional and herbal supplements that can help reduce bloating and other PMS symptoms.

Calcium

According to ama.org, a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D decreases PMS symptoms like bloating and low mood. It is thought to work by affecting estrogen levels, which often spike prior to menstruation.

Magnesium

The mineral magnesium may be beneficial to women with PMS. According to webmd.com, taking 200 mg. of magnesium daily can greatly decrease bloating and water retention associated with PMS.

Dandelion Root

The diuretic effects of dandelion root may help reduce bloating and water weight when taken regularly before menstruation.

Midol

Midol is an over-the-counter PMS medication that contains pyrilamine maleate, which is effective in reducing water retention and bloating.

Warning

Some herbs and supplements can cause dangerous interactions or side effects. To prevent negative outcomes, talk to your doctor before trying an at-home remedy for PMS and bloating.

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Popular Jobs In The 1900s

Life in the 1900s was optimistic and filled with prosperity. This is not to say that everyone was wealthy or was materialistic but the 1800s brought a burst of technological advances and was moving toward still more change. This was a time for the great migration from rural areas to the city in search of jobs. There were 24 million working people age 10 and over in 1900, according to the U.S. Department of Labor.

Available Work

Farming and forestry were still the primary source of employment in the early 1900s. Mining, manufacturing and construction were also available employment options. There were specialized professions as well in the early1900s such as psychotherapists (who at that time fell under the title physician), physicians, lawyers, judges, marshals, sheriffs, deputies, and clergy. Other professions such as those in retail and service industries also existed.

Service and Retail

In the service industry, which includes the retail sector, there were traders, merchants, importers/ exporters, salesman, operators, secretaries, hoteliers, barbers, midwives, maids, butlers, waiters, chefs, bookkeepers, dairies, butchers, and other pertinent services that were bringing needed items and services.

For a list of the most popular job titles Johnstown Area Heritage Association (See Resources) has a list of the most common jobs in the 1900s. The U.S. Labor Department did not start getting involved and documenting labor issues, statistics and details until the 1930s.

The Railways

Beginning in the mid 1800s railway companes started to build lines connecting major hubs and cities. This was a popular job with new immigrants and those that had settled there already. There was a wide array of jobs available with the railway. Train engineer, porter, yard master, weigh-master, boiler fireman, break-man, track layers and other positions sub-category to track layer

World War II & Rosie the Riveter

During World War II the decline in available men in the workforce drove women into factories for work such as riveters for munitions. After the war, there was no need for riveters but women did not return home, they remained in the workforce. Factories, seamstress shops and telephone companies saw an increase in women applying for positions. These positions were not limited to women, nor was it a conclusive list, rather a general view of the commonly available and popular jobs.

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Calculate A Cd Account

You can calculate how much compunded interest you would earn on certificates of deposit.

Certificates of deposit, or a CD, is a type of deposit account. A certificate of deposit allows you to deposit your money, earn interest on the money and at the end of the term of the CD you receive your initial principal investment plus compounded interest. You can calculate your compounded interest with information such as the principal deposit amount, interest rate, the term of the CD and how many times per year the interest is compounded, such as quarterly would be four time a year.

Instructions

1. Enter the principal amount of your deposit into the compound interest calculator. This is the amount of money that you deposit into the certificate of deposit when you open it at the banks. For example, if you deposit $1,000 in the CD, then this is principal amount.

2. Type in the term of the certificate of deposit. Some calculators require you to type in the number of months, while others request this figure in the number of years until the certificate of deposit matures. For example, a 1-year CD is "1" for a calculator asking for years or "12" for a calculator asking for months.

3. Type in the interest rate that the certificate of deposit is paying. This is the annual interest rate, not the annual yield for the certificate of deposit. The annual yield for the certificate of deposit already accounts for the compounded interest, so make sure you are using the annual interest rate when using a compound interest calculator.

4. Identify how often the interest is compounded. Some certificates of deposit have monthly compounded interest, some are daily, annual, monthly or quarterly. Input how often the interest compounds on your certificate of deposit into the calculator.

5. Click the calculate or submit button on the calculator. The calculator provides you with the balance of the certificate of deposit at the end of the maturity. To determine how much you have earned in interest, subtract your initial deposit amount from the balance in the certificate of deposit at the end of maturity.

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Universities With Automotive Technology

An automotive technologist can fix an automobile's design flaws.

As an automotive technologist, you will work on researching and designing automobiles and the systems that make those vehicles work. Although there is a plethora of universities across the United States that offer programs in automotive technology, each has similar admissions requirements, program goals and coursework. Some of the more well-known automotive technology universities are Weber State University, Southern Illinois University Carbondale and Ferris State University.

Admissions

The admissions requirements for automotive technology programs at universities are quite similar. You must have a high school diploma, and at some schools, like Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC), you have to submit your ACT score. Your admission is usually based on your high school grades, your SAT or ACT scores and any aptitude you show toward automotive technology, especially as that aptitude relates to mathematics and mechanics. At SIUC, your admission will be based on a combination of your ACT score, your high school grade point average and the date you applied.

Program Goals

Each automotive technology program offered at a university will prepare you to apply engineering principles to the development, manufacturing or testing of automobiles. Some universities, such as Ferris State University, provide a broad education in all the fields covered within automotive technology, including design and management, so that you can get a job in any automotive technology field. Other universities, such as Weber State Universities, do provide this broad learning environment, but they allow students to specialize their learning. At Weber State, students can choose three paths: field service operations, advanced vehicle systems and collision repair and insurance management.

Coursework

The coursework at universities that have automotive technology programs will combine classroom learning with hands-on education. In the class, you will learn basic principles in such courses as physics, automotive repair, and manufacturing management; while your hands-on education will allow you to work on automobiles with systems and designs malfunctions. At Weber State University, students have the option of receiving hands-on training from Honda's Management Action Program in the areas of service management, parts management, service advisement and sales.

Specialization

Some universities offer certification programs within the automotive technology departments that allow students to specialize in a specific automotive system. For example, at Ferris State University you can work toward obtaining a certificate in Performance Machining, which will teach virtually everything you need to know about the performance of a vehicle's engine, or Performance Motor Sports, which teaches you about the performance in such motorsports engines as those found in race cars and speed boats.

Tags: automotive technology, State University, Weber State, Ferris State, Ferris State University, high school, about performance

Mobile Medical Van Safety Issues

The medical symbol in the upper right of a mobile medical van is instantly recognizable.

Mobile medical vans travel to inner cities and rural areas where medical services are needed most. The vans come in a number of sizes and shapes, but in general they look like a mobile home or a bookmobile van. Safety depends on good suspension, a sterile environment and a consistent supply of energy.

Full Air-Suspension on Chassis

In order to protect fragile equipment, a mobile medical van needs a full air-suspension chassis. The smooth ride it provides will keep instruments and tools from jostling and falling. While these things should be secured, rough roads can sometimes wreck havoc.

Sterile Environment

Since patients will be in close quarters in a mobile medical van, sterility is of the essence. Curtains should be made of antibacterial cloth, and all surfaces should be able to be easily cleaned and disinfected.

Fail-Safe Power Supply

The mobile medical van may use outside electricity when it sets up. However, there needs to be fail-safe back-up power so that doctors and patients are protected during procedures. A generator is a must.

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Become A California Certified Radiologic Technologist

Radiologic technologists see inside the human body.

For most people, the ability to obtain super powers is something to fantasize about, but in some cases, a dedication to training and education can make it a reality. Professionals employed in the radiologic technology field learn to see inside the human body, using medical equipment to aid their "powers." Although certification is not required to obtain a position as a radiologic technologist, pursing those voluntary credentials may give the applicant a boost when applying to jobs in the California area and beyond.

Instructions

1. Determine where to attend radiologic technologist training. A minimum two-year associate degree program is required, but attending a school in California is not required, as degrees are transferable. Visit the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists to find schools accredited for radiologic technology. As of June 2011, 36 schools within California offered accredited programs.

2. Review the school's website or speak with an admissions counselor to check your eligibility and prepare an application packet. For example, applicants to the program at Pasadena City College must have already completed courses in intermediate college algebra, physiology, medical terminology and physics, along with having a 2.0 GPA. Pasadena also prefers students who have volunteered at a medical imaging facility.

3. Enroll in and complete an associate degree program of courses such as those on the Los Angeles City Community College roster: radiographic anatomy and positioning of the skeletal system, radiation protection, radiographic mathematics, fundamentals of X-ray physics and radiographic exposure and technique. Many schools, including Los Angeles City Community College, require students to complete a practicum in clinical settings for hands on experience.

4. Keep the goal of certification in mind. The certifying agency, the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists, has stringent ethics requirements, and may disqualify prospective technologists with felony crimes, court martials, misdemeanors and drug and alcohol convictions.

5. Complete the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists' ethics review pre-application packet six months before graduating. This may speed the certification process.

6. Complete school requirements and graduate. Submit an application packet to take the American Registry's certification exam. Include an application fee and any requested photos, transcripts and signatures.

7. Locate a testing center to take the exam. If testing in California, which uses the ARRT exam for certification, five exam centers are available: Fresno, Milpitas, Oakland, Roseville and Sacramento.

8. Complete the exam, which has a total of 220 items -- 20 are unscored, with a total test taking time of four hours. Await results, which may take approximately two to three weeks.

9. Add certification information to your resume. When going on an interview, make a photocopy of your certification credentials to have ready to supply to the hiring manager and include it in your interview notes.

10. Check both the national job search aggregator websites and ones closer to home such as the California Department of Public Health, searching for positions for radiologic technicians close to your zip code.

Tags: American Registry, American Registry Radiologic, Registry Radiologic, Registry Radiologic Technologists, Angeles City, Angeles City Community, application packet

Signs & Symptoms Of Returning Cervical Cancer

If you have been diagnosed and treated for cervical cancer, you clearly understand the necessity of being proactive in dealing with this serious illness. Although the recurrence of cervical cancer is clearly undesired, you must be on the lookout for signs of this ever-impending threat to your long-term health.

Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer originates in the cervix, which is the lower portion of the uterus. The vast majority of the time, early cervical cancer has no overt symptoms. When they appear, however, they manifest as pain, vaginal discharge, abnormal bleeding or heavier periods. Cervical cancer is the third most common type of cancer in women.

Treatment

While the treatment for cervical cancer varies depending on the specifics of your case, there are a number of different ways to combat it. Typical treatments involve the use of electricity, cryotherapy or laser therapy to remove cancer cells. Additionally, a hysterectomy, or the surgical removal of the uterus, is a common procedure. Radiation and chemotherapy also are viable options for treatment.

Recurring Cervical Cancer

If cervical cancer reappears after successful treatment, the prognosis is not positive, so it is extremely important to be alert for signs of recurrence. Signs include vaginal discharge; localized pain in the hips, lower back or legs; unexpected weight loss; and persistent coughing.

Considerations

If you experience any of the signs or symptoms of recurrence, schedule an appointment with your doctor as soon as possible. Being considered a hypochondriac is a small price to pay for being hypervigilant about detecting the re-emergence of cervical cancer before any real damage is done. Pain in the hips, back, or legs might indicate that the cancer has spread to other areas of the body, so there is no time to waste.

Treatment for Recurrence

In many cases, treatment for a second bout of cervical cancer is far more thorough than the first round. It may involve removal of the entire reproductive area, including the ovaries and vagina. Radiation therapy cannot be safely performed twice, so if you received radiation therapy during your first cervical cancer treatment, another course of action will have to be considered. Chemo is usually the treatment of choice in these cases.

Tags: cervical cancer, cervical cancer, back legs, cancer clearly, cervical cancer clearly, vaginal discharge

Income Requirements For Medicaid In Idaho

Idaho offers families affordable health-care coverage through Medicaid

The state of Idaho offers Medicaid coverage to low-income families and individuals who meet certain income criteria. You may also be covered if you are pregnant and meet the income requirements. Children can be covered either free or through a discounted monthly premium.

Child Insurance With No Monthly Premium

Idaho Medicaid covers children free if the family's monthly before-tax income is below a certain level. The income levels are based on family size. A child may be covered if the family size is two and the income is less than $1,631 per month. For a family of three, it's less than $2,054 per month; a family of four, less than $2,478; a family of five, less than $2,908; a family of six, less than $3,324; a family of seven, less than $3,378; a family of eight, less than $4,171; the state adds $424 for each additional family member.

Children Insurance with Monthly Premium

Idaho Medicaid offers to cover children for a monthly premium if before-tax income is below a certain level. The income levels are based on family size. A child may be covered if the family size is two and the income is less than $2,268 per month. For a family of three income must be less than $2,857; a family of four, less than 3,446; a family of five, less than $4,035; a family of six, less than 4,624; a family of seven, less than $5,213; a family of eight, less than $5,802; the state adds $584 for each additional family member.

Pregnant Woman

Idaho offers assistance for pregnant women who meet income eligibility as well. A single pregnant woman who makes less than $1,207 per month before taxes is eligible for Medicaid coverage. A woman with a family of two is eligible if family income is less than $1,631 per month; family of three, less than $2,054; family of four, less than $2,478; family of five, less than $2,901; family of six, less than $3,324. A woman with a family of seven is eligible if family income is less than $3,748 per month; family of eight, less than $4,171; the state adds $424 to income eligibility for each additional family member.

Adult Coverage

Coverage for adults is much more difficult to acquire. In order to obtain adult or family coverage, income also follows an income-based eligiblity requirement. A single adult must have less than $205 of monthly income before taxes to qualify. An adult with a family of two may be covered if monthly income is less than $251 per month; family of three, less than $317; family of four, less than $402; family of five, less than $448; family of six, less than $513; family of seven, less than $579; family of eight, less than $645. The state adds $65 to income eligilibity for each additional family member.

Tags: less than, less than family, than family, less than month, than month

What Does A Plastic Surgeon Do

Plastic surgeons are medical doctors who specialize in remodeling and restructuring areas of the body. This can be done out of necessity to correct medical problems or as a way to enhance the look of the body. Plastic surgeons perform different procedures on all ages of patients. Many of them choose to specialize in certain fields or parts of the body, such as pediatrics, craniofacial, hands and burns.

Plastic surgeons perform many different operations.

Misconceptions

People often have a preconceived notion that plastic surgery is something people do out of vanity to make their bodies more perfect or to avoid aging. Plastic surgeons can perform cosmetic procedures such as breast implants and face-lifts, but they have a lot of other roles. Plastic surgeons are skilled doctors who also perform surgeries to correct medical problems and defects.

Reconstructive

Many of the procedures that plastic surgeons perform are intended to correct a medical problem in a patient. Patients often are referred to a plastic surgeon following accidents and traumatic injuries. After a bad car accident, surgeons in the hospital can provide life-saving procedures, but sometimes the results of the surgery can leave a patient with permanent deformities and scarring. The plastic surgeon can then perform procedures that will correct the look of the skin and restore function to it. Plastic surgeons often deal with non-emergency situations that cause functional problems. Many breast reductions are done to alleviate back pain and other problems that result. Other reconstructive procedures include skin grafts, scar repair, tumor removal and cleft palate surgery.

Enhancement

Cosmetic surgery is performed to enhance a part of the body. The most common cosmetic procedure performed by plastic surgeons is a breast augmentation. In this surgery, the breasts are enlarged and shaped by the insertion of some type of implant. Other surgeries that enhance the appearance of the body include tummy tucks, rhinoplasty (nose job) and buttock augmentation. They also do procedures that reduce body fat, like liposuction.

Anti-aging

Many cosmetic procedures are used to lessen or reverse the effects of aging on the skin. Many of these surgeries are performed on the face in order to reduce wrinkles and lines, and to tighten facial and neck skin. This includes procedures like face-lifts, brow lifts, cheek lifts and collagen injections. Laser procedures can also be used to resurface the skin and reduce the appearance of wrinkles and age spots.

Pediatric

Plastic surgery isn't always just for adults. Many plastic surgeons specialize in pediatrics. They correct conditions that are best treated and corrected in childhood. Many of these conditions are from birth defects or illnesses. Examples of common pediatric plastic surgery procedures are cleft palate, congenital hand deformities and facial defects. They may also remove birth marks or large moles that could become problematic later in life.

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What Is Medishare Health Insurance

Donation jar.

Medi-Share Health Insurance is a Christian-based program designed to allow members to help each other with medical care costs and create a community for support, prayer and encouragement.

Not Just a Program

Medi-Share is a also ministry. It started informally with church members simply helping each other pay medical bills, and now, after being formalized into a program, "more than $340,000,000 in medical needs have been shared among members."

How It Works

When paying, members show their Medi-Share membership card. The provider bills Medi-Share, the program negotiates on your behalf for a lower bill and submit it to the community of sharers who pay it.

Membership Eligibility

Qualifications are based on biblical principles: close relationship with Jesus Christ, attend and serve in a church, believe in relying on community for help, commitment to sexual purity before marriage, refrain from smoking or using illegal drugs including the abuse of alcohol, and be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident of the U.S.

Join

Fill out an application (downloaded at http://medi-share.org/uploadedFiles/Medi-Share_App_0509_GS.pdf) and mail it to P.O. Box 120099, West Melbourne, FL 32912-0099, with a $50 application fee. You will be contacted by the approval department.

Services

"Office visits, clinic visits, testing, prescription drugs, and hospitalization" along with other American Medical Association-approved treatments are eligible.

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Minnesota Auto Insurance Laws

Auto insurance is absolutely necessary in Minnesota. Every driver in the state of Minnesota is required by law to hold at least the state minimum amount of auto insurance coverage in order to drive a car. Knowing and understanding the laws and regulations on auto insurance in Minnesota can help you avoid heavy penalties and fines.

Types of Coverage

There are four types of required auto insurance coverage, and two optional types of coverage in the state of Minnesota. Required coverage includes Personal Injury Protection (PIP), what is commonly known as "No Fault" insurance, and pays you and your family medical expenses, lost wages and other benefits up to the policy limit if you are involved in a crash. Liability is also a required insurance. This covers claims from another driver if you are in a collision and found to be at fault for the accident. Underinsured coverage, along with your PIP coverage, help pay for expenses if the other driver is at fault for an accident but does not have sufficient coverage to pay the claim owed to you. Uninsured insurance coverage helps cover expenses after your PIP is exhausted and the at fault driver has no insurance.

Optional types of insurance coverage are Collision, covering any damage done to your car if you collide with an object or vehicle, and Comprehensive, which covers anything that may happen to your car that is not a collision. Types of claims may include theft, weather or running into an animal.

Minimum Coverage Amounts

The state of Minnesota requires a minimum amount of coverage for each of the four required types of insurance coverage. An auto insurance policy must have at least much coverage in each specific area: PIP requires $40,000 of coverage. This number includes $20,000 for hospital and medical expenses and $20,000 to make up for lost wages. Liability is $30,000 for an injury to one person, $60,000 for an injury to two or more people, and $10,000 to cover damage done to another person's vehicle or property.

Underinsured covers $25,000 for an injury to one person, and $50,000 for an injury to two or more people. Uninsured covers $25,000 for an injury to one person, and $50,000 for an injury to two or more people. Every reputable insurance company will know and understand these minimum requirements, and any policy purchases in Minnesota should carry at least this much coverage.

Cancellation of a Policy

In Minnesota, insurance companies have the right to cancel a policy within the first 59 days of it being issued for any reason, except for the following: employment status, housing status or not previously having an auto insurance policy. After 59 days, they are no longer allowed to cancel an insurance policy, unless the insured fails to pay for the policy, or commits some form of insurance fraud with the policy.

Rental Car Coverage

Minnesota state law requires all auto insurance policies to offer a minimum of $35,000 of coverage to rental cars. This means that people insured within the state of Minnesota do not need to worry about purchasing additional insurance when renting a car. When renting a car in the state of Minnesota, rental agencies are required to inform customers that purchasing additional insurance is not necessary if their auto policy comes from Minnesota.

Loaning a Car to a Friend

If a friend is driving your car, and is in an accident, his auto insurance policy will cover all injuries. The damages to the car itself will be covered by your auto insurance policy.

Tags: insurance coverage, insurance policy, state Minnesota, auto insurance policy, auto insurance

About Cosmetic Surgery Gone Wrong

About Cosmetic Surgery Gone Wrong

The number of cosmetic surgeries increases more rapidly with each passing year in the United States. From breast implants, to lip enhancements to facelifts and even butt implants, Americans are investing millions of dollars in achieving physical perfection through cosmetic surgery. But although these types of surgeries are popular, there can be dire consequences if the proper research isn't done on cosmetic surgeons and the procedures that they perform. Read on to find out more about cosmetic surgery gone wrong.

Types

Bad breast enhancement jobs tend to be obvious when women afflicted with this bad type of cosmetic surgery reveal a substantial amount of cleavage. Their breasts will often show signs of rippling and wrinkling in some areas, or may appear too far apart due to faulty placement of the implants. Some botched breast jobs may even appear as if the woman has dents in her breasts.

Features

Faulty facelifts can be treacherous. While many people consider this form of cosmetic surgery as they get older, a bad facelift can ruin a face instead of enhancing it. When people have have bad facelifts, their skin will be stretched extremely tight, giving the person an appearance of permanent shock. Generally, a person with a bad facelift will look like the skin on her face has been yanked upward toward the top of her head.

Serious damage can occur as well, including the inability of the person to move his or her facial muscles.

Effects

A poorly executed lip job can make a person appear to have "fish lips." Better known as the "trout pout," a bad lip job can occur as the result of the injection of too much collagen or restylane into the lips. This can also occur when someone requests a lip enhancement that makes her lips look too large for her face.

Misconceptions

While thousands of people across the United States have liposuction procedures done to tighten up loose skin and untoned and fatty areas, this type of cosmetic surgery can be extremely dangerous to the body when the surgery is performed by an inexperienced plastic surgeon. When a person has had a bad liposuction procedure, the area will look lumpy, uneven and unappealing.

Prevention/Solution

There is always a risk of complication when a person decides to have cosmetic surgery. However, it is extremely important that people do thorough research on the surgeon that will perform the surgery. By researching a variety of surgeons, the risk of a bad cosmetic surgical procedure can decrease substantially.

Tags: cosmetic surgery, cosmetic surgery, Cosmetic Surgery, Cosmetic Surgery Gone, Gone Wrong

Apply For Tenncare Online

TennCare benefits are administered by the Tennessee Department of Human Services.

TennCare is a managed-care Medicaid program operated by the state of Tennessee. If you live in Tennessee and you're eligible for Medicaid, you must register with the state's Department of Human Services (DHS) before you can receive Medicaid benefits. The DHS website contains a secure application you can fill out online. Once you've filled out the application form online, you can digitally sign and submit your application to DHS from the comfort of your living room.

Instructions

1. Navigate your Web browser to https://fabenefits.dhs.tn.gov, the secure TennCare signup page.

2. Click the radio button next to the language you wish to use. TennCare signup is available in English and Spanish.

3. Click the "Want to Apply Now" button at the bottom of the page to begin your application.

4. Click the "Sign-up" link, then choose a user name and password for your application. Click "Submit" to create your user account.

5. Click a radio button to indicate who you are filling out the application for, then check the box next to "TennCare Medicaid" and click "Next."

6. Click the radio buttons next to your answers for the "Yes/No" questions on the first page of the form. Click "Next" to continue.

7. Type your personal information into the "Applicant Household Information" form, then check the box next to "TennCare Medicaid" and click "Next."

8. Type your address in the next page of the form, click "Next" and type your phone number into the form.

9. Click the radio button next to "Do you want to add members in your household" if you live with other people. You will be prompted to enter information about the people in your house if you do so. Otherwise, click the "No" radio button and click "Next."

10. Answer all survey questions in the "Household Member Detail" page and click "Next."

11. Check the box that describes your employment status, then click "Next" and provide your income information in the next page. Click "Next" to proceed.

12. Check the box next to any other source of income you receive and specify the amount. If you receive no other income, check the "None of the above" box. Click "Next" to continue.

13. Check the box next to each type of expense you pay and provide information on the amount of the expense. Check the box next to "None of the above" if you do not pay any of the specified household expenses.

14. Check the box next to each type of other asset that you own and provide the requested information about that asset. Click "Next" to continue.

15. Review your application thus far, then click "Next" and click a button next to "Yes" or "No" to indicate whether you are registered to vote. Click "Next" to advance to the digital signature page.

16. Click the radio button next to "Yes," then read the HIPAA statement and release of information statement. Click the radio buttons next to "I agree" and click the "Sign Now" button to digitally sign your application and submit it to the Tennessee Department of Human Services.

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Salary For A Radiography Assistant

Radiological assistants are advanced-level radiologic technologists.

A radiographer works in the medical field using radiation imaging technology like X-ray machinery to produce pictures of various internal body tissues. Radiographers typically work alone, without assistants. However, it is possible for radiographers to earn a significant bump up in salary by obtaining additional certification, allowing them to move up to the position of radiologist assistant.

Radiography

Radiographers are trained in physiology, anatomy and radiographic techniques, including positioning and radiation protection. Radiography education can include a two-year associate degree or a four-year bachelor's degree, depending on the school and the program you enroll in. Radiographers typically work directly with patients in the radiation labs of hospitals or other medical facilities.

Salaries

The salary for a radiographer varies, depending on what type of technology you specialize in. According to the American Medical Association, in 2010, the salary for X-ray technicians ranged between $41,612 and $81,136. The rates for ultrasound technicians were similar. Meanwhile, MRI and nuclear medicine technicians earned a bit more. In 2010, the range for MRI technicians was $48,371 to $83,638, while nuclear medicine technicians earned between $56,400 and $95,906.

Registered Radiologist Assistant

To work as a registered radiologist assistant (RA), you must complete a master's degree and then obtain certification from the American Society of Radiological Technologists. Radiologist assistants work to assist a Radiologist M.D. An RA has three general responsibilities. Like a radiographer, they work directly with the patient, answering questions and preparing them for radiological examinations. In addition, an RA will sometimes perform radiological examinations under the supervision of the radiologist. Finally, an RA is responsible for evaluating the results of examinations and forwarding these observations to the radiologist for further assessment.

Registered Radiologist Assistant Salary

According to the American Medical Association, RA salaries averaged $102,972 in 2008, with top earners earning up to $112,615. The reason RAs earn significantly higher pay on average than radiographers has to do with the fact that this position requires much more education as well as special certification. Additionally, RAs are assigned higher levels of responsibility.

Tags: According American, According American Medical, American Medical, American Medical Association, directly with, Medical Association, medicine technicians

Signs & Symptoms Of Having A Low Platelet Count

According to the Mayo Clinic, the medical term for low blood platelets is thrombocytopenia. It indicates a deficiency in the necessary blood platelets to keep your blood functioning as it should. Although it sometimes comes on with no signs or symptoms, when signs and symptoms do show, they are quite dramatic and alarming and should lead to a trip to the doctor. As LowPlatelets.com points out, signs are things you see while symptoms are sensations you feel.

General Tiredness

An example of a symptom, according to LowPlatelets.com, is a general feeling of tiredness, acquired through normal daily activities. It is normal to feel exhausted after a long day at the job. But if you constantly feel physically depleted after walking down the street to the store, or using the vacuum in the living room, it may be time for a checkup at the doctor's office.

Fear or Uncertainty

Fear without a specific cause can be a sign of trouble as well, according to LowPlatelets.com. Although fear and uncertainty are emotions, it could be an indication that this disorder has begun to affect the brain. Bleeding in the brain can be fatal and indicates a medical emergency.

Hematuria

Hematuria, according to HealthBlurbs.com, is the medical term for a sign involving red blood cells that show up in the urine. As HealthBlurbs.com points out, it can arise from kidney, prostate or bladder cancer, or it can be the result of a problem that's less severe. The mere presence of blood, however, always necessitates a trip to the doctor for evaluation, as HealthBlurbs.com points out.

Purpura

According to LowPlatelets.com, purpura is another example of a sign. It involves large purple spots on the skin. They can be red or purple and are the result of bleeding under the skin.

Petechiae

According to HealthBlurbs.com, petechiae are smaller red or purple spots which can be evidence of blood underneath the skin that leaks from the capillaries, or small blood vessels. As the Web page also points out, the marks usually originate on the lower leg, but you can have these spots anywhere on your leg. According to LowPlatelets.com, they appear as a rash.

Nosebleeds

According to HealthBlurbs.com, nosebleeds are caused by irritation of your nose lining, especially when dry. They are cause for alarm when the blood is especially profuse and when they happen for no apparent reason.

Easy Bruising

According to the HealthBlurbs Web page, bruising usually starts reddish in color but will morph into green, then to yellow before fading away. Doctors usually test people who bruise easily for leukemia or other serious blood disorders.

Heavy Periods

Most women have a period in their menstrual cycle when bleeding is heaviest. However, if you notice that you are bleeding more heavily than normal, and, as HealthBlurbs points out, it's been seven days or more, see your doctor.

Tags: HealthBlurbs points, According HealthBlurbs, According LowPlatelets, according LowPlatelets, blood platelets, medical term, purple spots

Do You Need A License In The State Of Missouri To Be A Radiology Technician

Radiology technicians use radioactive materials to take images, requiring training.

Radiology technicians, or RTs, perform diagnostic tests that help doctors and other medical personnel to assess a patient's condition and aid in creating the proper treatment plan. X-rays, fluoroscopic equipment, CT scanners, MRI machines and mammography equipment are some of the potentially dangerous equipment used by these technicians. Federal law requires that radiology techs possess a minimum level of knowledge and competency in order to use these machines, but not every state complies with the federal standard. Missouri is one of them.

State Licensing

Missouri is one of six states -- including Alabama, Alaska, Idaho, North Carolina and South Dakota, along with the District of Columbia -- that does not require any form of licensing, certification or minimum standards for RTs. Anyone with a few weeks of basic education in radiologic equipment is legally able to operate the machines. Most states require RTs to hold a license, though not all of these states' licensing requirements meet minimum federal standards.

Federal Standards

In 1981, Congress passed the Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act. The legislation required states to conform to minimum licensing or certification standards, but the suitable enforcement was amended out of the bill. This allowed states to decide for themselves if they wished to meet the federal guidelines. The proposed Consistency, Accuracy, Responsibility, and Excellence (CARE) in Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy bill, in committee since September 2009, ties Medicare and Medicaid funding to minimum standards for RTs, which would close the loophole and make the standards enforceable. RTs in Missouri would have to hold a license or state-approved certification if the bill passes.

Hospital Standards

Even though the state of Missouri does not require a license, many Missouri hospitals and medical facilities have minimum standards for RTs. Many look for candidates who possess a certification as a RT, particularly one issued through the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists. Some will not hire a non-certified RT at all, even if they hold a license in another state. This helps them to avoid potential liability issues and may follow guidelines set down by their insurers.

ARRT Certification

The ARRT certification exam is a comprehensive test; some states even use the ARRT to administer their state tests. To be eligible for the exam, all candidates must complete an AART-approved course and meet the association's ethical standards. In 2015, the AART will require all exam candidates to hold a minimum of an ARRT-acceptable associate degree before they are eligible to take the exam.

Tags: hold license, minimum standards, does require, exam candidates, licensing certification, Radiology technicians

Discover Your Binaural Frequency

Binaural beats use the left and right channels of stereo headphones.

Binaural frequencies are sound frequencies that guide the brain to certain states of mind (beta, alpha, theta, delta). An individual does not have "a frequency"; instead, his mind goes through the aforementioned four states several times within a day. During the day, at work, the human mind is very much in the beta state. The beta state is characterized by an active fully functioning mind state that is engaged in the physical world. The other three mind states are typically more active during rest, meditation and sleep.

Instructions

1. Determine what mind state you are in. According to doctorhugo.org, the mind states are characterized as follows: "The beta state occurs when we are consciously alert or when we feel agitated, tense or afraid. The alpha state occurs when we are in a state of physical and mental relaxation, while remaining aware of what is happening around us. The theta state is a state of somnolence with reduced consciousness. The delta state occurs when there is unconsciousness, deep sleep or catalepsy." Chances are if someone is capable of observing their mind state, he is in beta or alpha. Only those adept at meditation can maintain consciousness while achieving the theta or delta state.

2. Use an EEG or electroencephalogram machine to determine what exact frequency the mind is operating at. An EEG machine measures the frequency of brainwave activity, this frequency can be thought of as the binaural frequency. The sound frequency of the binaural beat and the frequency of the mind state from the EEG use measurements that can easily be compared.

According to thelearningweb.net, an EEG machine measures the mind states as follows, "the beta level is measured at 13 to 25 cycles per second. The alpha state is measured at 8 to 12 cycles per second. The theta level is measured at 4 to 7 cycles per second. The delta level is measured at .5 to 3 cycles per second."

The equivalent frequencies in binaural beats, according to rainfall.com, would have "the beta level's sound frequency operating at 13.0 hz to 40.0 hz, while alpha waves record at 7.0 hz to 13.0 hz. The theta sound waves fall between 3.5 hz to 7.0 hz, while delta sound waves fall below 3.5 hz."

3. Use the measurements from the EEG machine and match them to the binaural frequencies. For example, if the EEG machine registers 15 cycles per second, then the mind state would be beta. The corresponding binaural frequency would be between roughly 15hz as the two measurements are co-related. Now that the binaural frequency has been determined, a person can use binaural beats to change that mind state to another one.

Tags: mind state, cycles second, measured cycles, measured cycles second, beta state, binaural frequency, level measured

Make A Breast Cancer Lapel Ribbon

The pink ribbon has been the ubiquitous sign of breast cancer awareness since the first pink ribbon campaign launched in 1991. It's now on everything from cookies to vacuum cleaners, but it started out as a simple lapel pin. To keep that traditional alive, you can make your own breast cancer lapel ribbon. You can also make several dozen to spread the word to friends and family or even host your own fund-raiser to help find the cure.

Instructions

1. Trim off a section of ribbon that is 3 1/2 inches long. Cut both edges at 90 degrees. Do not use pinking shears.

2. Place the ribbon on the table in front of you horizontally. Starting at the top of the ribbon, trim 1/4 inch off each end at a 45 degree outward angle. Now the top of the ribbon should be slightly shorter than the bottom and the ribbon will look like a long, thin trapezoid.

3. Find the middle of your ribbon and push down on it with your right hand. Pull the left end of the ribbon toward you, without it leaving the table. Stop when it is spatially in front of the middle of the ribbon and pull it 1/4 inch to the right. Make sure it stays flat.

4. Repeat Step 3 with the right end of the ribbon, except pull it slightly to the left. Cross it over the left side of the ribbon at the meeting point.

5. Stop putting pressure on the midpoint of the ribbon. It is now the top of your loop. Take the end of your safety pin or straight pin and poke it through both layers of ribbon at the meeting point. Let it pass through the back ribbon as little as possible before tucking it back through the front one again. (Make it go through just enough to hold the loop together yet not show.)

6. Flip the ribbon over. The side facing you now is the front. Now you can pin the ribbon to your lapel.

Tags: breast cancer, meeting point, pink ribbon, ribbon meeting, ribbon meeting point, ribbon your

Women'S Activities In Broward County Florida

If you live in Broward County, Florida, there are numerous activities and groups for women of all ages and backgrounds. Many women enjoy the camaraderie that comes with meeting other like-minded women. In Broward County it is easier than ever to find activities that reflect your interests, whether they're related to career, family or a hobby.

Fort Lauderdale Woman's Club, Inc.

Open to all ages, this group encourages educational and charitable activities by getting female volunteers involved. Various programs are emphasized, including art, conservation, health, home and family, scholarships, charitable causes and international issues. Fun activities are also included in the cost of membership. A membership application can be printed from their website. For more information, or to mail your application, contact them directly.

Fort Lauderdale Woman's Club, Inc.

P.O. Box 2487

Fort Lauderdale, FL 33303

(954) 761-9407

Meet-Up.Com

This website caters to just about every hobby and interest, providing information on over 1100 groups that meet in the Fort Lauderdale area. From arts and entertainment, religion, politics, family, business, recreation and even health, women can join a group meeting around a central theme to promote friendship and fun. To find a group that reflects your interests, visit meet-up.com and browse groups under their various categories. If you find a group that you're interested in contact that group's leader for more information on membership.

National Association of Women Business Owners - Ft Lauderdale/Broward County Chapter

Started in 1974, NAWBO's vision is to assist female entrepeneurs of all backgrounds to excel in leadership and business. Membership costs vary per state, starting at $160 for basic involvement. Local and regional events, as well as conferences, are offered. For more information, visit their website or contact their Fort Lauderdale offices.

NAWBO

825 NW 61st St

Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309

(954) 767-8600

National Women's History Project

This 501(3)(c) organization was begun in 1980 to educate and celebrate the historic and diverse accomplishments of women to our country's history. Membership includes invitations to special events, a monthly newsletter, special discounts and sales, and pre-notifications of special events. There is an annual membership fee. For more information visit their website or contact them directly in Fort Lauderdale.

National Women's History Project

Broward County Women's History Coalition

1350 East Sunrise Blvd., # 114

Fort Lauderdale, FL 33304

(954) 467-2999

Tags: Fort Lauderdale, Broward County, more information, their website, Women History, Broward County Florida, contact them

The Definition Of Incorporation Theory

Incorporation deals with American Constitutional law.

Incorporation theory seems simple on its face. A simple definition is that "incorporation" refers to the absorption of state law under the specific protections of the U.S. Constitution, or more specifically, the Bill of Rights. But the implication here is complex: that the U.S. Constitution should override all state constitutions and state laws.

History

Most of the framers of the Constitution, and especially the Anti-Federalist dissidents, thought a Bill of Rights necessary to protect states from the encroachments of the proposed Federal Government. The text of the First Amendment, for example, states that "Congress shall make no law. . ." This strongly suggests that the purpose was to protect states from Congress, rather than have the Constitution be imposed upon them.

Features

Incorporation was first developed in response to the passage of the 14th Amendment. This Amendment (Section 1) specifically says, "No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." Liberal judges have interpreted this to mean the states are now under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Constitution and must use it to define what "privileges or immunities" actually are.

Function

Incorporation theory is meant to create a unitary state over and above the federal arrangement of 50 sovereign states. If the 14th Amendment means what liberal courts claim it does, then the nature of "privileges and immunities" are defined by the Bill of Rights, hence meaning that states must frame law in accordance with the Federal Constitution, rather than their own law, tradition or circumstances. Conservatives have traditionally held that states are sovereign and may pass laws that are in accordance with their own constitutions, not specifically the Federal version.

Significance

More broadly, Incorporation theory holds that there are certain parts of the Bill of Rights that are fundamental to any form of the "rule of law" functioning at all. This was the decision of the landmark 1963 Supreme Court case Gideon v. Wainwright. The basic argument was that things such as security of property and freedom of speech were so "fundamental" to the rule of law, there is no way that this can fail to be incorporated without making the dissenting state into an arbitrary dictatorship. Therefore, the basic principles of free government (rather than the Constitution in itself) dictate the necessity of Incorporation. In other words, no constitution can be legitimate without such protections, and therefore, Incorporation is a fact, rather than a theory.

Effects

The famous "Necessary and Proper" clause (Section VIII) of the Constitution, liberals argue, acts as the mechanism for Incorporation. If the Federal Government can do whatever is "necessary and proper" to enforce and promulgate its own laws, then Incorporation is unavoidable. So, for example, if the Federal Government is going to enforce the 14th Amendment, it must be able to override certain forms of state legislation that impinge on the "privileges and immunities" that people have as citizens of the United States (rather than being citizens of a specific state).

Tags: rather than, Bill Rights, privileges immunities, 14th Amendment, Federal Government, Incorporation theory

Heal A Broken Sternum

The sternum, also called the breastbone, is a bone that connects the ribs in front of the heart. Broken sternums are painful and slow to heal, with bed rest and anti-inflammatory medication being the most effective treatment. In cases of severe fracture, surgery may be required along with a monitoring of the heart through electrocardiograms. If the sternal fracture interferes with breathing, mechanical ventilation through intubation may also be required to reduce pressure from the lungs on the sternum. Most commonly, simple steps may lead to a successful recovery with time.

Instructions

1. Make a doctor's appointment immediately if a sternal fracture is suspected.

2. Have X-rays of the front and side of chest and other tests, such as electrocardiograms, taken following the doctor's assessment.

3. Take anti-inflammatory medication to reduce the pressure on the broken area of chest along with pain-relieving medication to reduce the stress caused by the pain associated with the fracture.

4. Stay immobilized for a minimum of two weeks, administering pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory medication as needed or prescribed by the doctor.

5. Supplement the healing of sternal fracture with comfrey poultices applied to the sternum area daily while on bed rest. Comfrey herb is easily absorbed through the skin and promotes the growth of connective tissue, bone and cartilage because of its high allantoin content.

6. Monitor improvements and keep sternum area immobilized until at least 75 percent of healing process has occurred.

7. Take any additional treatments advised by your physician for more-severe sternal fractures. Bed rest and medications will also be a part of the healing process of a broken sternum if surgery or intubation are required.

Tags: anti-inflammatory medication, sternal fracture, along with, healing process, medication reduce, reduce pressure, sternum area

Quick Face Lift Procedures

Face-lifts are invasive plastic surgery procedures that aim to give the patient a dramatically more youthful look. There are a variety of different face-lift techniques that have stemmed from the platform of the traditional face-lift, and to many patients these days, the rapidity of the procedure is an important factor in selecting the optimal technique. But the "quickness" of a face-lift has different elements, including not only the length of the procedure, but the recovery time, as well. Does this Spark an idea?

How Face-Lifts Work

Plastic surgeons have two basic objectives during a face-lift. The first is to tighten the skin. In a traditional face-lift, which is certainly not quick, as it requires an overnight stay in a hospital and can require weeks of recovery time, incisions are made to actually lift all of the facial skin layers and pull the skin tightly; then the excess skin around the jowl, neck and chin is cut off. Before suturing (surgically sewing) the skin back into place, the surgeon may manipulate the muscles and tissue beneath the skin, to achieve the "lifting" illusion objective of the face-lift. Lifting must be achieved so that not only is the skin pulled tightly from side to side, but it is done in such a way that it yields a top-to-bottom facial aesthetic that makes visual sense, as well. The lifting aspect of a face-lift ensures that the tissue will be manipulated upward in addition to being tightened from side to side.

Developments in Face-Lift Technique

The traditional face-lift, still widely used, is the most invasive face-lift technique, as it requires large, multiple incisions, and shifts the entire facial tissue as a whole. Because this technique bears many complications, risks and side effects, in addition to a lengthy recovery time, doctors have developed other techniques that focus on delivering effective results with minimal incision (and therefore less scarring), less risk and more rapid recovery. The goal with newer face-lift techniques is to target specific areas of the face that show aging through sagging skin and coarse wrinkles. Doctors developed these techniques to deliver effective results that have a more natural look, without the trauma that often comes with a traditional face-lift.

The Mini Face-Lift

The mini face-lift is the fastest face-lift technique, and is popularly referred to as the "weekend" face-lift. It is designed for patients of the younger face-lift age spectrum, who are usually in their late 30s, 40s or early 50s. This technique is also as a preventative treatment, in addition to its corrective purposes. Small incisions (tiny in comparison with a traditional face-lift) are made in "hidden" places in the hairline, and are used to target certain "trouble areas" of the face, rather than altering the entire underlying facial architecture. The mini face-lift can target the jowl area, the neck area, nasolabial folds (from the nostrils to the corners of the mouth) and/or the cheeks. The effects of this procedure are less dramatic than other techniques, yet still substantially visible. The procedure is performed in about an hour, does not require an overnight hospital stay, and downtime is limited to a day or two.

Endoscopic Face-Lifts

Endoscopic face-lifts are performed in a two-hour procedure, and are nicknamed "scarless" face-lifts. The key to this type of face-lift is the technology used. Tiny cameras are inserted beneath the patient's facial tissue through small, hidden incisions. This allows the surgeon to work with extreme precision, as the cameras' projections are broadcast before the patient in real time. Typical endoscopic face-lift patients do not have as much of the sagging, excess skin as face-lift patients who choose the traditional technique. The endoscopic face-lift, like the mini face-lift, can address specific facial areas, which decreases recovery time and side effects. This technique offers extreme precision, and therefore, ultimately, swelling and bruising are minimal. Endoscopic face-lift patients may often return to work in a day or two.

The Thread Lift

The thread lift, also called the feather lift, is of the latest face-lift techniques as of 2009, and is one of the least invasive face-lift procedures. This procedure also promises that patients can return to normal activities within a day or two. Surgeons use special surgical threads to lift and suspend targeted muscle and facial tissues with utmost precision. This technique can provide dramatic results with minimal complications and side effects. Patients of this method not only benefit from a speedy procedure and recovery, but also benefit from the more natural-looking results that precision thread lifts can yield. However, because the technique has only been used since the early 2000s, the long-term results are still unknown.

Warning

While the aforementioned face-lift techniques have minimal reported complaints, and are regarded as safe within the medical field, this does not guarantee that a patient will not experience complications or take on risks. All plastic surgery procedures, as they involve blood and manipulating the skin organ and muscle tissue beneath it, have risks. Neither can a plastic surgeon---no matter how skilled---100 percent guarantee a patient will be happy with the aesthetic results; that is impossible.

Tags: traditional face-lift, face-lift techniques, recovery time, face-lift patients, results that

Radiology Tech Schools

Radiology Technician Schools

The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that radiology technicians filled about 214,700 jobs in 2008. Over half of these jobs were performed at hospitals. Employment for the career field is expected to rise by about 17 percent over the next decade. Radiology technician schools equip medical professionals with the proper training so that they can enjoy a rewarding career as a radiologist.

Florida Hospital College of Health Sciences

Advanced imaging program certificates and associate and bachelor's radiology technical degrees are offered at Florida Hospital College of Health Sciences. Students in the one year certificate programs must maintain at least a "C" average in each course in order to take another course and failed courses must be repeated. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the two certificate program tracts. Sectional anatomy, advanced procedures and technology in computed tomography, physics, instrumentation and case study reviews are covered in the CT certificate program. MRI imaging procedures, MRI case studies and technology are also covered in the MRI certificate program.

Students must complete 76 trimester hours before they graduate with an associate degree. They must also complete 50 hours of residence training and 30 hours of project related community service. Introduction to radiology, patient care, clinical education, image production principles and radiographic pathology are areas covered in the associate degree program.

To earn a Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Sciences degree, students must complete 124 trimester hours. Principles of quality management, mammography, computed tomography, physics, instrumentation, medical imaging and health care issues and trends are covered in the bachelor degree program. Florida Hospital College of Health Sciences is accredited by the Accrediting Association of Seventh-Day Adventists Schools, Colleges and Universities, the National League for Nursing Accrediting Commissions and the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education.

Florida Hospital College of Health Sciences

671 Winyah Drive

Orlando, Florida 32803

407-303-7747

fhchs.edu

MedVance Institute

MedVance Institute was established in June 1970. The school's Radiologic Technology program is a two year associate degree program that covers imaging procedures and practices, physics, instrumentation, film critique and patient care. Nuclear medicine, intervention procedures and ultrasound practices and procedures are also covered. After completing the courses, students will be prepared to take the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) National Certification exam. MedVance Institute has ten campuses throughout the Southeastern part of the United States. Graduates can work in hospitals, diagnostic centers, clinics and private physician offices. Financial aid is available in the form of grants and loans. Job placement services are available to students through the Career Services Department. MedVance Institute is accredited by the Accrediting Commission of the Council on Occupational Education and the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology.

MedVance Institute

9255 Interline Ave.

Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70809

877-606-3382

medvance.edu

Pima Medical Institute

Pima Medical Institute was started in 1972. The school offers associate and bachelor radiography degrees at 11 different campuses in seven states. The associate degree program covers imaging techniques for bone densitometry, cardiovascular intervention radiology, nuclear medicine and ultrasound. Diagnosing illnesses, computed tomography, patient care and quality management are also covered.

Psychology, pharmacology, sectional anatomy, quality management and advanced modalities are also covered in the bachelor degree program. The bachelor's degree program is conducted online and is geared toward students who already have an associate degree or an American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) certificate. Pima Medical Institute is accredited by the Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools and the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology.

Pima Medical Institute

3350 East Grant Road, Suite 200

Tuscan, Arizona 85716

800-477-7462

pmi.edu

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What Is Robotic Surgery

Traditional surgical instruments

Robotic surgery, first performed in 1987, is surgery performed with the use of some type of robotic instrument. Robotic assistance allows surgeons to manipulate the instrument while watching on a video screen. Various systems have been designed to assist in different types of surgery.

AESOP Endoscope Positioner

Computer Motion, Inc. created a voice-activated system specifically for endoscopic procedures, and the first FDA-approved system for surgery.

HERMES Control Center

The HERMES Control Center is a voice command and recognition system developed by Computer Motion, Inc. for broader functioning with multiple physicians.

Surgical System

Intuitive Surgery, Inc. designed this system for general laparoscopic surgery, mitral value repair and endoscopic coronary artery bypass graft surgery. This system uses 3-D visualization.

SOCRATES

Created by Computer Motion, Inc., this system incorporates telecommunications for remote surgical procedures.

ZEUS

Computer Motion and Intuitive Surgical, Inc. merged to create this system with a surgeon control center. Table-mounted robotic arms are used by the surgeon for multiple endoscopic procedures.

Procedure

Using robotics can be less traumatic and, along with the expertise of the surgeon, will produce fewer mistakes. Continued research is being conducted for additional systems to eventually have options for all surgical procedures.

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Incorporate A Nonprofit In Florida

The Articles of Incorporation creates a formal organization.

Incorporating a non-profit company has benefits. In order to obtain tax-exempt status with the IRS, a non-profit agency must be a formal organization. Incorporating is part of that step. A non-profit organization does not allocate funds, above operating costs, to owners or shareholders. In other words, the profits received from commerce go towards other things, such as charity. Becoming a corporation in Florida requires the Articles of Incorporation and payment of the appropriate fees.

Instructions

1. Check the name availability on the Division of Corporation's database (see Resources). All corporation names must be unique. Any name used previously will be unavailable.

2. Develop your bylaws. This would include basic operational guidelines, administrative standards and a board of directors. The Articles of Incorporation will require much of this information.

3. Download the Articles of Incorporation form (see Resources). The Articles of Incorporation consists of seven sections. Information you will need to complete this document includes: corporation name (with Corporation, Corp. or Inc. attached), principle address of the nonprofit business, bylaw information such as directors and purpose of the corporation, name and address of all directors or officers, registered agent, name, address and signature. The Registered Agent is responsible for accepting official documents, such as an officer or lawyer. Also needed are the name, address and signature of incorporator. The Incorporator is the person responsible for processing the incorporation; It is usually the person filling out the forms to set up the corporation.

4. Submit document 501(c)(3) for tax-exempt status with the IRS and pay the filing fee (see Resources).

5. Obtain and submit the Application for Consumer's Certificate of Exemption (Form DR-5) from the Florida Department of Revenue (see Resources). This frees you from paying sales tax for business supplies and purchases.

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Radiology Administrator Job Description

A radiology administrator directs and oversees radiology services and staff.

A radiology administrator directs and oversees a hospital radiology department or radiology imaging facility.

Education and Certification

Most positions require a bachelor's degree in health care, business or related discipline. Radiology technology (RT) certification is preferred.

Skills and Experience

Previous management experience of a radiology department or imaging services is preferred. Several years of supervisory experience in a health-care setting is required, as well as excellent organization, management and customer-service skills.

Responsibilities

Managing all aspects of facility operations includes physician referrals, compliance requirements, directing patient services, marketing efforts, customer service and maintaining financial records.

Job Outlook

The Bureau of Labor Statistics said radiology careers were expected to increase 15 percent from 2006 through 2016, and "As the population grows and ages, there will be an increasing demand for diagnostic imaging."

Salary

As of October 2009, average salaries were $81,000 per year, according to indeed.com.

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How Long Does It Take To Become A Diagnostic Radiologist

Diagnostic radiology training can be completed within eight to 10 years.

Diagnostic radiologists are physicians who specialize in medical imaging, using a wide array of medical technologies to diagnose and treat diseases. Diagnostic radiologists must first complete medical school and general residency requirements, after which they can specialize in medical imaging. In total, training takes eight to 10 years. In addition to being licensed, diagnostic radiologists must gain certification in medical imaging.

Medical School

Before specializing in diagnostic radiology, prospective students must first complete their four-year medical training at an institution that is accredited by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education. During their first two years, students conduct laboratory studies and attend classroom lectures on topics such as anatomy and physiology, microbiology, pathology and pharmacology. In their final two years, medical students must fulfill their clinical requirements by performing rotations in family practice, internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology and pediatrics.

Residency

After completing their medical training in general medicine, diagnostic radiologists receive clinical training in medical imaging by conducting general rounds, attending lectures and conducting independent research. Diagnostic radiology residents use state-of-the-art technologies such as CT scanners and high field MRIs; they learn diagnose, monitor and treat patients based on their findings from medical images. Diagnostic radiology residents have the option of specializing in medical imaging research. Residency training in diagnostic radiology can be completed within four years.

Licensure

Diagnostic radiologists must be licensed after completing their residency training. The path to licensure includes passing the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE). To qualify for state licensure, diagnostic radiologists must complete their medical training at an accredited institution and satisfy all of their degree requirements. The USMLE is a three-part examination that is designed to evaluate a candidate's general patient care knowledge. All physicians must pass the USMLE before they can practice medicine in the United States.

Certification

In addition to being certified in general medical imaging, diagnostic radiologists can choose subspecialty fields in areas such as breast imaging, cross-sectional imaging, thoracic imaging and genitourinary radiology. Subspecialty training in diagnostic radiology requires an additional one to two years of clinical practice, research and formal training. Among other professional associations, the American Board of Radiology (ABR) certifies eligible candidates. To qualify for ABR certification, candidates must complete at least five years of approved training. Certified diagnostic radiologists must maintain their credentials by taking professional development training and passing a qualifying examination every 10 years.

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