Payroll Supervisor Salaries In Central Florida

The Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation predicts that the demand for payroll supervisors in the state will increase by more than 13 percent from 2008 through 2018. This increase in the demand for payroll supervisors in Florida will create more than 240 new jobs across the state. The salary of payroll supervisors in Central Florida varies among experience levels, industries and geographic areas.

Northport, Bradenton and Sarasota

Payroll supervisors in the Northport, Bradenton and Sarasota area earned the most among those in Central Florida as of 2009, according to the Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation. The cities were also the second highest-paying statewide. Salaries in the cities averaged $58.20 per hour and $121,063 per year. Entry-level supervisors in the Northport, Bradenton and Sarasota area made an average of $42.97 per hour and $89,287 per year, while the most experienced received an average of $65.84 per hour and $136,951 per year.

Tampa, St. Petersburg and Clearwater

Payroll supervisors employed in Tampa, Clearwater and St. Petersburg earned an average of $54.64 per hour and $113,651 per year as of 2009, estimates the Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation. Starting wages for payroll supervisors in the Tampa Bay area averaged $33.89 per hour and $70,495 per year. The most experienced payroll supervisors in the area made an average of $65.01 per hour and $135,229 per year. Holding and management companies paid the highest wages at an average of $61.03 per hour and $126,941 per year. Retail establishments had the lowest wages at an average of $42.64 per hour and $88,691 per year.

Orlando and Kissimmee

Payroll supervisors in Orlando and Kissimmee made an average of $47.54 per hour and $98,899 per year as of May 2009, reports the Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation. Wages in the cities were the lowest in Central Florida. Salaries ranged from an average of $29.26 per hour and $60,876 per year at the entry level to $56.69 per hour and $117,910 per year for experienced supervisors. Supervisors who worked for holding companies and other managing firms in Orlando and Kissimmee earned the most at an average of $50.98 per hour and $106,036 per year. In the accommodations and food service industry, payroll supervisors earned an average of $39.18 per hour and $81,481 per year.

Other Areas

Lakeland had the second-highest wages for payroll supervisors in Central Florida at an average of $56.38 per hour and $117,274 per year as of 2009, reports the Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation. Entry-level supervisors in Lakeland made an average of $36.31 per hour and $75,537 per year. Experienced supervisors in the Lakeland area averaged $66.42 per hour and $138,142 per year. In the Palm Bay, Melbourne and Titusville area, payroll supervisors received an average of $55.99 per hour and $116,453 per year. Salaries ranged from $28.28 per hour and $58,831 per year at the entry level to $69.84 per hour and $145,264 per year at the experienced level.

Tags: hour year, average hour, average hour year, payroll supervisors, Agency Workforce, Agency Workforce Innovation, Central Florida

The Education Needed To Become A Histology Technician

Histology technicians (or technologists) are trained medical professionals who assist pathologists by preparing tissue samples for microscopic examination. According to the Mayo Clinic's Career Exploration website, histology technicians must have excellent hand and eye coordination, eyesight, and a teamwork-centered temperament, as histology technicians work closely with other technicians, pathologists, clerks, and others scientists.

Job Duties

Preparing tissue samples for examination is the primary job of a histology technician. This job requires the usage of a number of computerized equipment, machines, and excellent manual dexterity. For these reasons, if you wish to become a histology technician, you should take advanced (college level) courses in medical technology and medical terminology. Histology technicians also use a variety of chemicals and chemical compounds to treat various types of tissue for examination, so you should also take high school and/or college level courses in chemistry, biology, and mathematics.

Education

According to SchoolsintheUSA.com, histology technicians usually begin their careers by completing two year associate's degrees in histology. For those in high school considering a career in histology, the Mayo Clinic Career Exploration website suggests you take advanced math, chemistry, and biology courses. Because histology technicians must prepare tissue samples using computerized equipment, it is also helpful to take college level courses in medical technology and medical terminology. In addition to completing an associate's degree, many histology technicians also supplement their education by volunteering in hospitals and clinical labs.

Salary and Career Advancement

Once established in the field, histology technicians can advance from positions as technicians to lab supervisors or supplement their income as instructors in the subject. If you wish to further your education, many histology technicians earn bachelor's degrees in chemistry or biology. This will enable you to handle positions such as lab supervisor, or as a senior histology technician. According to SchoolsintheUSA.com, histology technicians begin earning a yearly salary of around $32,000. Once established in their field, histology technicians can earn up to approximately $46,000 a year.

Tags: histology technicians, chemistry biology, college level, college level courses, histology technician, level courses, tissue samples

Dot Requirements For Drug Testing

Implemented by The Department of Transportation, the Omnibus Transportation Employee Testing Act of 1991 mandates that all workers in the transportation industry, including airlines, railroads, and mass transit and trucking companies, be tested for drugs and alcohol. The DOT has published specific requirements regarding compliance with this Act.

Employers

Upon verification, employers are also required to immediately remove any employee who tests positive from any position that has a bearing upon public safety. They are also required to test all employees who begin safety-sensitive jobs, regardless of whether or not they are new employees.

Collectors

Collectors are required to receive training from the DOT and to demonstrate proficiency and understanding of the regulations before collecting samples. It is required that the immediate supervisor of the person being tested does not serve as the collector unless there is a time sensitivity that prohibits acquiring another collector.

Site specifications

The collection site is required to have a restroom free of sinks or any other device that can bring water into the room and single stalled restrooms are preferred to multi-stalled. In addition, no soaps or creams of any kind can be available inside the site.

Site restrictions

It is required that no other employee be present in the collection site and that the site be in an area with limited access to other employees.

Monitoring

To reduce distractions, collectors are required to conduct only one collection at a time. They are also required to ensure that no one but the employee and themselves touches the specimen before it is poured into a tamper-proof sealed container.

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United States Bankruptcy Court Rules In Arizona

Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 are the primary bankruptcy filings for individuals in the United States. Both Chapter 7 and 13 bankruptcy in Arizona comes under the jurisdiction of the United States Bankruptcy Code (Title 11, United States Code), the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure, and the Local Rules for the United States Bankruptcy Court in the District of Arizona. Bankruptcy rules can be divided into three parts: before filing, when you file and after filing. It is critical to consult an attorney.

Self-Help Centers for Bankruptcy Rules

According to the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Arizona, bankruptcy courts in Arizona are located in Tucson, Phoenix and Yuma. Walk-in Self Help Centers are located in the bankruptcy court in Phoenix and in Tucson. The Self Help Centers provide people with information about bankruptcy rules in Arizona specifically. Individuals with questions about bankruptcy rules can consult with volunteer attorneys from the Bankruptcy Section of the State Bar of Arizona free of charge for approximately 20 to 30 minutes.

Credit Counseling

Credit counseling from a United States trustee-approved credit counseling agency must be completed within 180 days before you file for Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy, according to the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Arizona. Failure to complete the credit counseling course before the bankruptcy filing could result in your bankruptcy case being dismissed, according to the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Arizona.

Rules for Documents for Chapter 7 and 13

According to the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Arizona, a mailing list of creditors must accompany the petition for Chapter 7 or 13 bankruptcy in Arizona. If it is not filed with the petition, the creditor mailing list must be filed within seven days of filing the petition. A statement of Social Security number must accompany the petition or be filed within seven days in Arizona.

The required credit counseling certificate must be filed within seven days of the bankruptcy petition. The following documents must be filed within 14 days of the Chapter 7 or 13 petition if it is not attached to the original petition: Schedules A through J and Summary, Statement of Financial Affairs, Statement of Intention, Statement of Current Monthly Income and Means Test, and Declaration of Evidence of Employers' Payments within 60 days.

All of these forms are available at the Clerk's Office in Arizona. For a Chapter 13 bankruptcy filing in Arizona, a Chapter 13 Plan must accompany the petition or be filed within 14 days, according to the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Arizona.

Bankruptcy Filing Fees

According to the Local Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure for the District of Arizona effective January 1, 2010, these local rules modify the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure. If the individual filing for bankruptcy in the district of Arizona cannot pay the full filing fee at the time of petition, a minimum fee of $50 must accompany the bankruptcy petition. If the individual filing for bankruptcy cannot pay the minimum down payment of $50 at the time of petition, the $50 is to be paid within 14 days of filing or the case will be dismissed.

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Filing Requirements

According to the Local Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure for the District of Arizona effective January 1, 2010, if the individual debtor does not file electronically, an original and four copies of a Chapter 13 plan; an original and four copies of a disclosure statement of compensation paid to the attorney of the debtor; and an original and four copies of the application for payment of the filing fee in installments are required. According to the Local Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure for the District of Arizona, if the individual debtor is self-employed, a statement of financial affairs and a current and ongoing monthly operating reports must be filed. Under local rules, if documents are not filed on time, the Chapter 13 trustee can recommend dismissal of the case.

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Symptoms Of Cancer In The Lymph Nodes

Cancer can affect any part of the body. Recognizing signs and symptoms of cancer, especially of the lymph nodes, is one of the best methods utilized to help procure a prompt diagnosis and treatment that may slow or kill cancer growth and save lives.

What Are Lymph Nodes?

Lymph nodes are part of the lymphatic system, which is part of the immune system. Clusters of lymph nodes are commonly found in the neck, the upper chest, under the armpit and in the groin area. Lymph nodes are part of the immune system that fights bacteria and infection. Sometimes they can be felt as small, raisin-sized lumps of tissue just beneath the surface of the skin.

What is Lymphoma?

Lymphoma is one of the most common types of cancer, and is usually classified as either Hodgkin's lymphoma or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hodgkin's lymphoma is usually treatable if detected early, and is usually diagnosed in those in young adulthood or in seniors. According to the Mayo Clinic, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is more common. But in either case, abnormal growth and dispersal of cancerous tissues spread beyond the lymph nodes and glands and travel to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system.

Symptoms of Lymphoma

Some of the most common symptoms of lymphoma include but are not limited to sweating, night sweats, fever and fatigue or lethargy. In many ways, the symptoms of lymphoma are very similar to those experienced by flu sufferers. In addition, many individuals experience loss of appetite and weight loss, and intense itching and rashes that cannot be explained. For some, enlarged lymph nodes may be seen and felt, and they usually don't produce pain when palpated or manipulated.

Tests for Determining Lymphatic Cancer

In addition to symptoms, laboratory or diagnostic imaging tests can often detect lymphatic cancer. In some cases, abnormal findings on X-rays, biopsies of questionable lymph nodes, CT (computerized tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) are often prime indicators of the presence of the disease. A Gallium scan may be performed to pinpoint specific locations of Hodgkin's disease.

Reducing Risks

Although no one can prevent cancer from developing, being proactive can help reduce the chances of lymphatic cancers spreading. If there's a history of lymphatic cancer in the family, get screened regularly in order to detect signs of the disease at an early stage. Men are more likely to suffer from lymphoma cancers than women, as are those with compromised immune systems.

Tags: lymph nodes, Hodgkin lymphoma, immune system, lymph nodes, Lymph nodes part

The Best Gunsmithing Schools

Quality gunsmith schools can be found throughout the country.

Compared to other trade schools, there are not a lot gunsmithing colleges to choose from, but this does not mean you can't find a few well-respected and high-quality gunsmith institutions around the country. These schools offer degrees that make it possible to become a gunsmith upon graduation. Some of the schools are part of regular colleges.

Yavapai College

Located in the city of Prescott in the mountains of Arizona, Yavapai College consistently receives high marks for its school that offers a two-year associate degree in gunsmithing. Students, who typically can complete their degree in four semesters, receive personal instruction in the school's machine shop facility and are taught skills such as refinishing metals, technical math and assembling and disassembling rifles, hand guns and shot guns.

The college also has a gunsmith certificate program that takes 31 hours and provides additional training for gunsmithing jobs. Yavapai College also offers business classes that teach students set up their own gunsmith shops.

Yavapai College

1100 East Sheldon Street

Prescott, AZ 86301

928-445-7300

yc.edu

Pennsylvania Gunsmith School

Situated in the suburbs of Pittsburgh and opened in 1949, the Pennsylvania Gunsmith School is named in several reviews as the best gunsmith school in the eastern part of the country and also one of the premier schools of its kind in the United States. The school offers a master's program in gunsmithing and has a 16-month program that trains its students for entry-level jobs. Polishing techniques, metallurgy, spring making, altering guns and reassembling and disassembling firearms are some of the skills students learn. The school's staff has more than 80 years of combined gunsmithing experience, and they teach students the skills they need for all kinds of different guns.

Pennsylvania Gunsmith School

812 Ohio River Boulevard

Pittsburgh, PA 15202

412-766-1812

pagunsmith.edu

Trinidad State Junior College

Billing itself as the premier gunsmithing school in the nation, Trinidad State Junior College in Colorado is recognized by several websites for its excellent gumsmithing curriculum and program. Founded in 1947, the school offers two-year associate degrees and teaches students the skills they need to become professional gunsmiths in its gunsmithing school. Courses include gun repair, machine operations and stock making. Classes are offered on different kinds of guns, including rifles, revolvers and shot guns. The school also offers students the option of taking part in a National Rifle Association (NRA) Law Enforcement Instructor Development program. The gunsmithing school is part of a junior college that includes various clubs, athletic teams and dorms for students.

Trinidad State Junior College

600 Prospect Street

Trinidad, CO 81082

800-621-8752

trinidadstate.edu

Tags: Yavapai College, gunsmithing school, Junior College, Pennsylvania Gunsmith, Pennsylvania Gunsmith School, State Junior

Massage Therapist Continuing Education

A massage therapist works with clients to massage out tension and pain in the muscles. A qualified massage therapist will understand the muscular structure and what type of massage works best for different ailments. Massage therapists need to participate in continuing education to stay licensed in many states.

Requirements

A massage therapist is required by state law to participate in continuing education courses (CEs). The time spent on these courses and the frequency varies from state to state but most massage therapists average six credit hours of CEs annually.

Time Frame

Depending on the state where you work, you will have to participate in six to 12 credit hours of CE courses. These courses must be completed in either one or two years, but many of the courses are offered online or as part of a day-long seminar.

Types

Continuing education courses for massage therapy are available through online courses, classroom courses and on-site training provided by an employer.

Required Courses

Many states require refresher courses as part of the continuing education experience. Some of the required credits include courses in ethics and career plan development.

Optional Courses

Some CE courses are provided to massage therapists as options to learn a new skill in their field. These courses can prepare a massage therapist for working in a new area of therapy such as hot stone therapy, reflexology and orthomassage.

Tags: continuing education, credit hours, education courses, massage therapist, massage therapist, massage therapists

The Best Foods For Breast Cancer

In addition to other contributing factors, dietary choices may effect the development of breast cancer. There is considerable evidence that avoiding fatty foods can help prevent the disease, as well as eating foods that are rich in cancer-fighting vitamins, minerals and chemicals. Additionally, certain foods may diminish the recurrence of breast cancer and lessen the adverse effects of treatment once diagnosed with the disease. While eating foods loaded with antioxidants and other nutrients may stave off breast cancer, maintaining a healthy diet is key.

The Facts

According to Medical News Today, breast cancer is the seventh leading cause of mortality in the United States and results in approximately 41,000 deaths each year. Although genetic factors are important, there is considerable evidence that breast cancer risk is related to modifiable lifestyle factors, including dietary choices. While no single food or food substances can protect you against breast cancer, scientists believe that the right combination of foods may.

Preventative Foods

According to a new study conducted by the American Institute for Cancer Research/World Cancer Research Fund (AICR/WCRF), there is a link between body fat and the development of breast cancer. Therefore, to help prevent breast cancer, one should consume foods low in fat and calories. Also, fruits, vegetables and whole grains are especially rich in vitamins, minerals and chemicals that prevent the development of cancer. Specifically, green, yellow, orange and red vegetables such as broccoli, spinach, sweet potatoes and carrots contain substances which help to fight cancer. Red fruits such as tomatoes and watermelon are a source of lycopene, a cancer-fighting agent. Berries and green tea are rich sources of antioxidants. Additionally, flax, fish, beans, soy and nuts all contain nutrients which help to fight breast cancer.

Post-Diagnosis Foods

In addition to eating at least five servings of fruits or vegetables everyday, according to The Diet Channel, those that have already been diagnosed with breast cancer should replace white or processed carbohydrates with whole grain varieties to increase B vitamins and fiber. Post-diagnosis, patients should also eat two to three servings of low fat dairy daily because cancer treatment may negatively effect bone health. It is important to incorporate calcium-rich foods into one's diet. Lean meats, poultry, fish, nuts, seeds, legumes and beans should be incorporated into meals to ensure an adequate amount of protein is consumed.

Foods to Avoid

Because of the link between obesity and breast cancer, ReduceBreastCancerRisk.com recommends that saturated fats found in meats, whole-fat dairy products, vegetable shortening and coconut and palm oils, as well as trans fats in fried foods, pastries, margarine, cookies, chips, crackers and many processed foods should be avoided. Additionally, because alcohol may act to promote cancer by depleting folic acid, having more than one drink a day increases one's risk of developing breast cancer.

Considerations

According to the AICR/WCRF study, over 70,000 U.S. breast cancer cases could be prevented each year by dietary changes. Breast cancer rates vary in different parts of the world, and the incidence seems to be associated with the amount of fat in the diet. Even more striking, when women move from a country where the diet is low in fat to a country where fat consumption is higher, their risk for breast cancer increases. While foods rich in cancer-fighting vitamins, minerals and chemicals also help to prevent breast cancer, maintaining a healthy diet appears to be a key component in warding off the disease.

Tags: breast cancer, breast cancer, help prevent, minerals chemicals, vitamins minerals

Community Colleges In Augusta Georgia

Augusta, GA is known for hosting The Masters each spring.

The second largest city in Georgia, Augusta is in Richmond County and borders South Carolina. Popularly known for hosting The Masters, a world famous golf tournament, Augusta is a popular golfing destination. Other attractions in the area include the Riverwalk, the Augusta Canal, Aqueduck Park and Phinizy Swamp Nature Park.

Cambridge College

Cambridge College, founded originally in Cambridge, Massachusetts, has a regional campus in Augusta. Cambridge College of Augusta is a private, nonprofit institution accredited by the Georgia Nonpublic Postsecondary Education Commission. Students at Cambridge College can work toward a bachelors degree or a masters degree. The school has roughly 1,500 undergraduates and 5,300 graduate students.

Cambridge College

753 Broad Street

Augusta, GA 30901-5008

(706) 821-3965‎

cambridgecollege.edu

Augusta State University

Founded in 1925, Augusta State University, or ASU, is an accredited institution with more than 50 academic programs to choose from. Students can earn an associate degree, bachelor's degree, master's degree or specialist's degree. ASU also awards paralegal certificates and cooperative doctorates. Additionally, with a 19-to-1 student-to-teacher ratio, ASU describes itself as a hands-on learning institution.

Augusta State University

2500 Walton Way

Augusta, GA 30904

(706) 737-1405‎

(706) 737-1444‎

aug.edu

Savannah River College

Established in 1981 as Kerr Business College, Savannah River College is a small community college with fewer than 2,000 students. Students at Savannah River College can work toward an associates degree or diploma in accounting, business administration, office administration, systems administration, network engineering, medical assistance and medical billing. Savannah River College also offers certifications of Microsoft Systems through Savannah River College's Microsoft IT Academy.

Savannah River College

2528 Center West Parkway

Augusta, GA 30909

(706) 738-5046‎

savannahrivercollege.edu

Tags: River College, Savannah River, Savannah River College, Cambridge College, Augusta State

State Of North Carolina Health Insurance Laws

North Carolina protects the interests of its residents regarding health insurance.

The North Carolina Department of Insurance helps its residents by governing and regulating the insurance industry. The department educate North Carolina consumers about insurance and handles their complaints. Any insurance sales business must be approved before they are granted a license and they must meet the standards and health insurance laws required by the state.

Basic Coverage Policy Laws

Insurance carriers that conduct business in the state of North Carolina must provide certain benefits in accordance with the state health insurance laws. Major medical health insurance plans have to contain a provision for emergency services that allows the injured person to be screened and stabilized without requiring prior authorization or an in-network emergency room. The health insurance laws also state that all policies must cover pap smears and mammograms, necessary treatment and services for diabetes patients, and coverage for reconstructive breast surgery. The law requires that a doctor can decide how long the patient should remain hospitalized after a mastectomy that was performed as treatment for cancer or breast disease. Insurance companies that offer group policies must include treatment and care for chemical dependency; if they offer prescription drug coverage, it must also include prescribed contraceptives.

Children's Coverage Policy Laws

Insurance carriers must abide by health insurance laws covering North Carolina children in their policies. The law requires immediate coverage for newborns, newly adopted and newly placed foster children as long as the health insurance policy is effective when the child is born or brought into the home. The company can not impose any exclusions for pre-existing health conditions or waiting periods unless the person's policy requires additional premium to cover the children. The policy holder can avoid exclusions and waiting periods by notifying the company within 30 days of the birth or placement of children. All health insurance companies operating in North Carolina must cover hearing screenings for newborns and they must adhere to lifting the age limitations for dependent mentally retarded and physically handicapped children.

Disclosure Laws

North Carolina health insurance laws also apply to the information that insurance companies provide about themselves and their products. They must give a clear description of their health insurance benefits as well as a complete list of services and conditions that are not covered under their health plan. The company has to provide the length of time you have to wait if your policy contains limitations on pre-existing health conditions. They also have to give an explanation of how they calculate their claim costs, your share of the costs and they have to provide an example showing how they make these calculations. North Carolina laws also state that insurance companies have to give their renewal terms, premium rate terms and all related provisions.

Tags: North Carolina, health insurance, insurance laws, health insurance laws, health insurance, insurance companies

Foods That Help With Breast Growth

Food fuels the human body, giving us energy to live our daily lives and powering the body's involuntary processes. Many people use food as a means to an end, regulating food intake to lose weight, gain weight, or simply as a comfort. But science has found yet another use for food: helping women increase their bust size. Research indicates that certain foods do in fact bolster breast size, but there are some drawbacks.

Better Living Through Chemistry

Researchers in the field of botany have discovered specific plant compounds in the leaves of plants that when combined with elements of a female's body chemistry, made notable increases in breast tissue growth. These chemical agents, which scientists have termed phytoestrogens, normally fluctuate during pregnancy or puberty and act on estrogen levels to increase bust size. Scientists have found that consuming foods on a regular basis that contain phytoestrogen plants had some effect on cup size.

Salad Fare

Plants such as alfalfa, usually found in salads, contains a high amount of phytoestrogens. Alfalfa is known to increase lactation in expectant mothers and is sometimes recommended by pediatricians for pregnant women who plan on breast feeding their babies. Other known veggies that contain trace amounts of phytoestrogens are soy, celery, certain types of yams and carrots.

Spice of Life

Fenugreek is a spice typically found in many Asian-based dishes and is unusually high in phytoestrogen count. Also known to botanists as trigonella, fenugreek is often prescribed by natural medicine doctors to lower cholesterol. Much like alfalfa, fenugreek bolsters breast milk stores, which increases bust size.

Herbs

Many popular Chinese herbs like ginseng, ginko biloba and dong quai, which have been prescribed by herbal advocates for hundreds of years for a variety of maladies, contain large amounts of phytoestrogens. These herbs are widely available at many health food stores and are typically used to boost energy levels or are used to promote general health.

Warning

The FDA warns against herb use, as it has been documented that overconsumption of many herbs can have undesired side effects. Headaches, intestinal gas, pain and bloating, memory problems, diarrhea and fluctuating energy levels have all been recorded in herb users. Women who are pregnant should seek the advice of their physician before taking any herbal supplements.

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The Basics Of Universal Healthcare

Universal healthcare is a system in which the government helps pay for medical expenses of its citizens. This type of care comes with some benefits to citizens as well as a few drawbacks. The universal health care system is paid for with tax dollars provided by the citizens and allows those citizens to obtain free health care as needed.

Government Provided

Universal healthcare is provided by the government of the country in which the system is used. Many countries use this type of healthcare system including Canada, the United Kingdom and Switzerland. Some of the universal healthcare systems provide completely free care to the citizens while others require the citizens to purchase health insurance from a list of insurance providers. With the insurance system, some countries subsidize households that make below a certain amount of money.

Taxes

Since the government of the country with the universal healthcare system pays for the care, taxes fund this system. With the countries who offer free healthcare to all of its citizens, the entire program is funded with tax money. With programs that require citizens to buy insurance, taxes fund the subsidizations that go out to those who have low incomes. In some cases, this leads to higher taxes in order to fund the system for the citizens. Peter J. Ferrara's report in the Heartland Institute summarized that "nationalizing health insurance in America would require major tax increases, slow economic growth, and increase the national debt."

Continuity

One of the benefits of universal healthcare is that it can provide continuity of insurance coverage for citizens. Without this type of system, it is not uncommon for citizens to lose their insurance coverage if they lose their job or quit. With universal healthcare, the insurance coverage will always be there regardless of where you work. This type of coverage can provide continuity and it will eliminate the need for insurance companies to worry about pre-existing conditions or other similar restrictions.

Costs

A study cited by the University of Dayton website examined the health care system in China. The study concluded that the implementation of the program resulted in a more equitable distribution of primary care services and reduced the cost through utilization of clinics over emergency rooms." This means that more people used the available medical clinics instead of trying to use the emergency room for routine medical needs. This had the effect of lowering costs for the country as a whole and making healthcare more affordable for the poor.

Tags: health care, healthcare system, insurance coverage, care system, government country, health care system

What Are Things We Can Do To Help The People In Poverty

Poverty affects people in U.S. cities and in villages on the other side of the world.

Poverty is a social problem, which, according to the Poverty Education website, affects around a sixth of the world's population. At an extreme level, poverty threatens an individual's ability to find food and shelter, and ultimately to survive from day to day. As an individual, you may not have the ability to pass laws or create change on a sweeping scale, but you can take action today that will make a difference in people's lives.

Volunteering

Many organizations have set up development projects, covering areas such as health and sanitation, in countries all around the world, but these organizations rarely have the manpower needed to sustain this useful work. This is where volunteers come in. Individuals can give up their time and travel to communities blighted by poverty. You might volunteer to head abroad, aiding a local development project, or perhaps work locally, teaching out-of-work individuals skills to help them into employment.

Raise Money for Charity

Charities are working hard to end poverty, but they need a constant supply of funding to complete or sustain the projects they begin. You can help to raise more money for charities working toward these goals by holding a fundraiser in your area. Ask your friends to sponsor you as you run a marathon, climb a mountain, try to break a world record or attempt to go days without talking. You might instead organize a community event, such as a fair or a non-uniform day at school, where you can ask every attendee to pay a small fee.

Donate to Charity

If you'd rather just give a donation to a charity, you'll have no difficulty finding a range of organizations that work to improve community infrastructure or provide clean water supplies, for example, with a quick Internet search. You can either make a one-time donation or set up a regular bank transfer with your chosen charity.

Support Charity Schemes

Some charities run schemes that focus on a particular way of helping out those in poverty, which you can support either by promoting such an activity or buying into it. For example, Oxfam, which works to end poverty, produces a whole catalogue of gifts individuals can buy for those in need, such as a water tank to distribute clean water.

Fair Trade

Fair Trade is the name of a plan designed to ensure that the producers of items such as coffee and clothing are treated fairly and not ripped off when it comes to payment for their work. Because the communities who benefit most from the Fair Trade movement are often those hugely affected by poverty, by supporting Fair Trade you can make a difference to the lives of these people. Show your support by buying goods marked as Fair Trade, and by encouraging businesses you know to stock Fair Trade products.

Tags: Fair Trade, clean water, make difference

Care For Areola Scar After Breast Augmentation

After breast augmentation surgery, there are scars on the areolas. When treated properly, these scars will fade and be unnoticeable. When left unattended, however, the scars will become permanent.

Instructions

1. Apply scar treatment cream in the morning as you get ready. It should be rubbed onto the scar gently until it is fully absorbed into the skin. Only apply the cream after the wound has completely closed and scarred over.

2. Apply scar reduction silicone sheets to your bare breasts before getting dressed. The sheets are self-adhesive and cover the areola scars. They help reduce scars in two ways: First, the sheets press down on the scar, making it part of the skin so the scar goes down. Second, it acts as a shield against fabrics that may rub against the scar, making it reopen.

3. Remove the silicone sheets at the end of the day. For eight hours a day, the skin needs to be able to breathe.

4. Apply the scar treatment cream for a second time before going to bed.

Tags: Apply scar, Apply scar treatment, scar making, scar treatment, scar treatment cream, scars will

How Does The Recession Affect The Bakery Industry In The U S

Consumers

A recession occurs when the nation's gross domestic product and employment rate decline for six months or more. In the United States, the recession of the late 2000s has caused several industries to experience a decline in sales. Consumers are spending less money at bakeries, but customers have actually increased for many small bakeries, according to Modern Baking.

Change in Baked Goods

In tough times, it isn't uncommon for people to turn to comfort foods, according to bakers quoted in a March 2009 article in the Tacoma "News Tribune." In response, many bakeries have opted to produce smaller treats. Cupcake, cookie and brownie sales have actually increased in many bakeries. Cupcakes specifically have incited a new trend, since the small treat can be perfect for one person or for parties, according to a June 2009 article in Maryland newspaper "The Gazette."

Ingredient Prices

Ninety-seven percent of bakers reported an increase in ingredient prices in 2008 and early 2009. In response, most bakeries raised the cost of their goods by almost 10 percent, according to Modern Baking. Some also opted to reduce the variety of goods so fewer types of ingredients would need to be purchased.

Special Occasions

Special occasions seem to be recession-proof for many bakeries. Modern Baking found that most bakeries reported an increase in custom-ordered cakes. While many still choose to go all out for special occasions, the price paid for weddings and wedding cakes, for example, has seen a slight decline, according to the "News Tribune."

Tags: many bakeries, Modern Baking, 2009 article, according Modern, according Modern Baking

The Average Seattle Radio Dj Salary

Seattle's DJs earn salaries much above the national average for the position.

Although the legendary "golden voice" helps a radio disc jockey get a foothold in the industry, DJs must also be able to multitask, keep up on station-related paperwork and documentation behind the scenes. Because radio DJs in large markets typically have larger audiences than those in small towns, they often receive larger salaries than the national average. Radio DJs who work in Seattle, Washington, are no exception, and tend to earn wages much higher than their counterparts at many stations around the country.

Average Seattle DJ Salary

The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that about 280 people worked as radio DJs and television voice-over announcers -- as opposed to on-air television personalities -- in Seattle as of May 2010. These workers earned an average hourly salary of $33.59, the equivalent of $69,860 per hour if these DJs worked full time, although the bureau doesn't keep statistics regarding the amount of work the average DJ or television announcer performs each week. The range of wages for announcers is very large, however, with the half of all DJs and television announcers in Seattle receiving hourly wages between $13.68 and $42.64. Other sources list slightly different salaries for Seattle radio DJs, with Salary Expert listing the average salary at $84,488 annually and SimplyHired listing their average salaries as $74,000.

Comparison to National Average

Seattle's DJs earn wages that far outstrip the national average for the position. The average hourly wage for DJs and television announcers nationwide was $19.19 as of May 2010, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Working full time, those DJs earn an annual salary of $39,910, about 57 percent of their Seattle counterparts. Nationwide, only 10 percent of DJs earn more than $72,500, placing the Seattle average near the top earnings for all such jobs in the country.

Work Conditions

Many of the city's DJs must work overnight shifts, and some of the most traditionally popular shifts, morning drive-time shows require DJs to be at work much earlier than the traditional start of the workday. Because drive-time audiences are typically the largest of any time of day, morning and evening rush-hour DJs traditionally garner more listeners and, therefore, the highest on-air salaries. DJs often make promotional appearances when they're not on the air, requiring them to put additional time into their job and potentially disrupt their personal lives with split-shift conditions.

Education and Training

Many television and radio announcers attend a trade school or enroll in a communications or broadcasting degree in a traditional college to prepare themselves for a career in the industry, according to the Occupational Outlook Handbook. After formal education, DJs typically require on-the-job training, whether at a college radio station or as an intern at a commercial station. While Washington University in Seattle operates KEXP as a public-radio format with professional DJs, other colleges -- KUGS at Western Washington University in Bellingham, KMWS and Washington State's KNWP in Mount Vernon and Port Angeles -- may provide students with on-air experience. The National Broadcasting School the Entertainment Career Center in Seattle offers focused training in the field.

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Advantages And Disadvantages Of Group Work

Group work is an opportunity to learn from your peers.

Usually when a professor assigns group work a collective sigh rises from students. The professor is not only trying to reduce their marking, group work is a valuable skill necessary in the working world. It does not have to be a source of dread; the key is choosing people who complement your skills or weaknesses while learning communicate with people to get the job done.

Pro: New Ideas

More people on a project leads to more points of view and ideas. In a group, you can bounce ideas off one another or generate new ideas, which in turn leads to creative ways to approach or solve a project or problem.

Pro: Less Work

If there is one bonus to a 20-page group paper, it is that you only have to write four or five of those pages. Assign one person less writing (e.g., the introduction and conclusion) and the responsibility to tie the peices together. Agree ahead on what each section will include and talk often to avoid repetition. Also agree on a citation style.

Con: Efficiency

More people generally mean less efficiency. Group work requires effort to stay on task. At group meetings, the conversation may stray from the topic or people will try to push their ideas through. An agenda should be established beforehand and followed closely to stay on the point of the meeting.

Con: Quality

The tendency in group work is for one person to lower the quality of the assignment. Even worse is that one person may not do their share of work. Try to address these problems early within the group. Group members may have to help each other by reading drafts, for example, which would improve the overall project.

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Top Radiology Programs

Radiology programs that are ranked among the best in the country.

Radiology is a medical specialty that obtains and interprets images for diagnostic and treatment purposes. The field uses imaging technologies such as X-rays, MRIs, nuclear medicine and CT scans to look inside the human body. In 2009, Auntminnie.com ranked Stanford University as its top radiology program. The Mallinckrodt Institute of Technology and Johns Hopkins Hospital had their radiology programs nominated for this designation.

Stanford University

Stanford University's Department of Radiology program teaches various areas of radiology. The four-year residency program combines clinical training with research opportunities. Training and education are offered through Stanford Hospital, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital and Palo Alto VA Medical Center. The curriculum includes courses in breast imaging, cardiothoracic imaging, neuroradiology, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Elective opportunities are available in nuclear medicine, pediatric radiology and diagnostic radiology.

Stanford University

300 Pasteur Drive

Stanford, CA 94305

650-723-7816

xray.stanford.edu

Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology

The Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology at Washington University in St. Louis offers clinical training and biomedical research. The four-year program offers clinical rotations at Barnes-Jewish Hospital in body-computed tomography, pediatrics, nuclear medicine, gastrointestinal, vascular ultrasound and musculoskeletal magnetic resonance. This residency program allows for 48 weeks of full-time research at the Washington University laboratory.

Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology

510 S. Kingshighway Boulevard

St. Louis, MO 63110

314-362-2978

mir.wustl.edu

The Johns Hopkins Hospital

The Johns Hopkins Department of Radiology provides clinical training in various area of diagnostic imaging. This is a five-year residency program that requires you to participate in clinical rotations and research opportunities during the first three years. The fourth year allows you an opportunity to focus on a specific discipline within radiology, while the fifth year allows you to complete a fellowship in the same specialty. Research opportunities are available through the F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Small Animal Imaging Resource Program, Radionuclide Therapy and Dosimetry Lab and Division of MR Research.

The Johns Hopkins Hospital

600 North Wolfe Street

Baltimore, Maryland 21287

410-955-6501

hopkinsradiology.org

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Argentina Immigration Requirements

Immigrate to Argentina for an exciting new start.

Argentina's department of tourism website describes Buenos Aires as "the great cosmopolitan door to South America." If you find your career endeavors running up against a brick wall in your own country, immigration to Argentina could provide you with an exciting new pathway to success. To immigrate to Argentina, perhaps you can fulfill one of its residency program requirements.

General Requirements

You may visit Argentina for up to 90 days on a tourist visa by just showing a valid U.S. passport when you arrive. For a residence visa you must have a passport valid for at least six months longer than your arrival date. You may need a physician's report to ensure you are in good health. You may also need a criminal background check, depending on the consulate where you apply. These documents must be translated into Spanish and notarized. Check with the Argentine consulate where you make your visa application for acceptable translators and notaries.

Immigrant with Capital

To apply for this visa, you must prove that you have the equivalent of $40,000 that you plan to invest in a business activity in Argentina. The government may ask you to file a business plan, depending on the type of business you plan to open. You may buy property in Argentina without a residence visa, but buying property does not automatically qualify you for a residence visa.

Financier

To get this visa you must prove to the Argentine consulate that you earn at least $900 a month from some source that does not require your presence outside of Argentina. It can be stock income, annuities or distributions from a business you own. But you must prove that the income will continue when you move to Argentina to live.

Entrepreneur / Businesspeople

For this visa you only need to prove you have business experience and provide commercial references to get an endorsement from an Argentine consulate in your home country. Contact your nearest Argentine consulate for specific details. A personal visit or two can help avoid surprises before you submit your final visa application.

Contracted Personnel

For this visa you must apply and be accepted for a job with a company operating in Argentina before you arrive. You cannot come to Argentina and look for work in this capacity. The company must be looking for employees outside of Argentina.

Pensioner

If you are retired, you need to prove that you make at least $700 a month and that you can transfer that money to Argentina. You can do this with a letter from the Social Security Administration showing your monthly pension and an ATM card with a bank that allows withdrawals at banks in Argentina.

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Diagnostic Radiography Salary

As part of the health care professions, radiologic technologists and technicians are in high demand. The elderly population is blossoming more than ever, and with the burgeoning rise of seniors comes an increased demand for careers within the medical field. As a radiologic technologist or radiology technician, as the profession is most commonly called, you would have ample opportunities for career opportunities anywhere in the nation.

What is a Radiology Technician?

Radiology technicians usually work with X-ray machines in hospitals. They are in charge of taking X-rays, preparing patients for X-rays and administering nonradioactive materials into patients' bloodstreams for diagnostic evaluation. Radiologist technicians generally work under the supervision of physicians, who instruct them where and how patient X-rays are to be done. Because radiology involves a high amount of radiation, the technicians are also taught techniques protect themselves and their patients from intensive amounts of radiation.

Average Salary

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics the average annual wage for radiologic technologists and technicians as of May 2008 was $53,230 annually. They also reported an hourly wage of $25.59.

Top Paying Industries

The top five paying industries for radiologist technicians as listed by U.S. Department of Labor, ranked from highest to lowest, were scientific research and development services that were listed as having an average annual salary of $63,580; employment services with an annual salary of $60,140; office administrative services with a salary of $57,520; colleges, universities and professional schools with a salary of $56,720; and lastly specialty hospitals--excluding psychiatric and substance abuse medical centers--at $56,500.

Industries by Employment

The U.S. Bureau of Statistics also reported the top five industries that employ the most amount of workers. As expected, general medical and surgical hospitals were listed as the No. 1 employing industry. Below hospitals, the offices of physicians was placed in second. Medical and diagnostic laboratories were third followed by outpatient care centers and lastly the federal executive branch of the government.

Job Outlook

The U.S. Bureau of Labor is incredibly optimistic about the job outlook for radiologist technicians. The bureau projects that between 2006 and 2016 their will be a rise in demand of 15 percent, 4 percentage points more than majority of professions. States such as Massachusetts, Nevada, Maryland, New Jersey and California were estimated to be the highest-paying states with average salaries between $61,780 and $67,240 annually.

Further, the bureau reports that radiologist technicians willing to relocate will have an even greater job prospect. It's estimated that a large number of radiologists will be retiring from the career. As such new radiologist technicians who are willing to relocate and are experienced in the procedures of computed tomography scan (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and mammography will be in high demand.

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Information On Calcium Deposits

Calcium deposits are a buildup of calcium in a particular area of the body. Calcium deposits are usually felt as they first begin to grow, but may remain soft for a long period of time. Calcium deposits are not harmful, but can cause significant pain and discomfort when they harden.

Identification

Calcium deposits can form anywhere on the body, but they commonly form on the shoulders. Some people describe the feeling of having a rock on their shoulder.

Significance

Women are more likely to develop calcium deposits then men. People between the ages of 35 and 65 are most commonly affected by calcium deposits.

Treatment

Icing the area with cold packs will reduce inflammation and reduce pain. Oral medications, such as Tylenol and aspirin, can be used to treat inflammation and pain. When the pain becomes too high, arthroscopic surgery may be considered by you and your health care provider.

Causes

There is no specific cause of calcium deposits, although diet and hormonal balance may be factors. It is not recommended that you limit or reduce your calcium intake below normal nutritional needs in an attempt to avoid deposits.

Considerations

Calcium deposits in breast tissue can be an early indicator of breast cancer. A biopsy will determine whether the deposit is malignant or benign. Often deposits in the breast are monitored to determine changes in size and shape.

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Online Billing & Coding Schools

Medical billing and coding specialists use their knowledge of human anatomy, medical terminology and diagnosis recognition to properly complete and file medical insurance forms for private health providers and public hospitals. While the majority of medical billing and coding schools are on-campus, several online billing and coding schools offer courses, certification programs and degree programs.

American Health Information Management Association

American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) is one of the largest health information training networks in the United States, and offers an online medical billing and coding 12-course program that takes approximately 15 months to complete. In this program, students learn the following skills: utilize ICD-9-CM, CPT and HCPCS medical codes, accurately interpret diagnoses and properly fill out insurance forms using coding assessments. Online courses are self-directed, and AHIMA provides students with both physical learning materials and online lectures which give students the flexibility to learn whenever and wherever they choose. The AHIMA program prepares students to take the Certified Coding Associate (CCA) national examination.

American Academy of Professional Coders

The American Academy of Professional Coders (AAPC), the largest medical coding training organization in the United States, offers an online medical billing and coding program that prepares students to become certified professional coders. AAPC offers online courses in both medical billing and coding, which train students to accurately utilize medical coding languages, interpret coded diagnoses and properly administer outpatient insurance forms. Courses are delivered via both physical learning materials, including textbooks and audio lectures, and archived learning resources online. At the time of writing, students who complete AAPC medical billing and coding courses can earn credit for University of Phoenix health-care degrees for those who wish to extend their studies to an associate's or bachelor's degree in medical management.

Everest University

Everest University, a for-profit institution based in Florida and accredited by the Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools, offers an online associate's degree in medical billing and coding. The degree program, which takes approximately two years to complete for those with no prior college credits, trains students for careers as medical receptionists and medical insurance billing specialists by offering courses in medical terminology, human anatomy, diagnostic coding and procedural coding. Online courses are offered on an asynchronous schedule, allowing students to log in and learn whenever it is most convenient for them. Online students have access to assignment schedules, learning materials, archived lectures and student support services via Everest University's centralized online platform.

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Integrate Behavioral Health Into Primary Care

Many people go to their primary care physician with concerns that are actually more aligned with behavioral or mental health. In these cases, a primary care provider may not be able to provide services to that patient but instead have to refer him to a mental health professional. This leads to a disconnected scenario where two separate doctors are treating a patient without interacting with one another. To help solve this problem, integrated primary care centers can provide services for physical and mental health under one roof.

Instructions

1. Consider how you will set up your practice. You may wish to contract with a behavioral health facility that is separate from your own primary care office. In this case, you would refer your patients to that facility for their behavioral health needs but maintain open communication between both offices to best serve your patients. In another option, you could hire behavioral health professionals to work in your office to see patients; that way, all your files could be combined and kept in a central location and your patients would only have to come to one office for all their health care needs.

2. Perform a basic assessment on any patient who comes in with behavioral health concerns. Your adult patients are most likely to suffer from depression or stress, while younger patients may have issues regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or anxiety. By assessing a patient's behavioral health concerns and needs during the primary care appointment, you can fully prepare the behavioral health care provider about that patient's needs and make an educated recommendation for any behavioral health care.

3. Collaborate with one another. In some cases, you may only need to consult with a behavioral health specialist about one of your patients and proceed with medical care on your own. In other cases, you may refer a patient to a behavioral health specialist for counseling and further treatment. Maintaining open lines of communication between primary care and behavioral health providers allows your patients to receive the most well-rounded care possible.

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Foods That Lower Ldl Cholesterol

Dietary changes are the most important way to lower your LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, also known as your bad cholesterol. When your LDL cholesterol level is too high, it can form plaque in your arteries that makes it difficult for your blood to circulate. If this buildup gets too severe, a heart attack or stroke may be the result. But, by making changes in your diet, you can lower your LDL cholesterol level.

Foods With Soluble Fiber

Soluble fiber lowers the absorption of cholesterol in your intestines, and it is found in oatmeal, kidney beans, apples and bananas. Eating 10 grams per day will lower your cholesterol.

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Walnuts and almonds are full of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which help keep the blood vessels healthy. Since walnuts and almonds are high in calories, eat only a handful at a time.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Foods such as fish that are rich with omega-3 fatty acids are good for the heart, because they lower blood pressure and cholesterol. Fish such as sardines, tuna and salmon have a lot of omega-3 fatty acids, and doctors recommend two servings of fish per week.

Olive Oil

Olive oil is rich in antioxidants that lower your LDL cholesterol. Research has found extra virgin olive oil to be even more effective, and doctors recommend 2 tbsp. per day.

Plant Sterols

Food fortified with plant sterols, such as margarine, juices and yogurt, help block the absorption of cholesterol.

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How Do Xrays Influence Health

X-rays are electromagnetic radiations that cannot be perceived by human eye. Since its discovery in 1895, it has been employed for many purposes in airports, hospitals and security checking counters. The basic aim of its usage being to observe what is not visible to the naked eye on the outset. Despite its numerous pros, it has its cons; the primary being "its impact on health" in different ways.

Impact on Body Cells

X-rays can affect the structure of body cells. If an X-ray beam hits a sensitive area of your cell, such as the protoplasm, then there is a very high chance of the cell's death. This situation becomes critical with regards to health of an individual as the atrophying cells can decrease the lifespan of an individual. Hence, it is best to go under these rays sparingly.

Impact on Chromosomes

Chromosomes are the blueprints that form the bedrock of cell formation. Even these chromosomes can be affected by excessive X-rays. The chromosomes structure is impacted by these rays that results in mutation of cells in the body. Mutation causes cell abnormalities in the body that impedes proper development of cells.

Impact on DNA

The DNA of an individual can get directly affected due to exposure to X-rays. This results in unregulated growth of cells that may end up resulting in cancer. On the other hand, it can lead to apostasies, i.e., death of cells in succession.

Impact on Tissues

X-rays can affect the tissues inside bones, specifically the bone marrow. The bone marrow is a fragile tissue that occupies the bone cavities. The tissue is susceptible to X-rays and leads to weakness of bones in an individual.

Hair Loss

The hair follicles are very prone to X-rays. If overexposed, the hair follicles are not able to stand the wrath of X-rays. This results in hair loss and eventually--"baldness."

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Automotive Design Degrees

Automotive designers are responsible for designing safety features in cars.

Automotive design degrees are awarded through the engineering department. It is through this degree that students learn about the aesthetics of vehicles and create new designs for vehicles and vehicle components. In order to complete the degree, colleges require certain design courses in this specialty area.

Definition

Automotive designers are individuals who focus on designing the aesthetics and appearance of road vehicles. Designers focus on interior and exterior features including color and trim designs. Creating concept vehicles is also a part of being an automotive designer.

Degrees

Automotive design degrees are typically part of the mechanical engineering department. At Clemson University in South Carolina, a degree in automotive engineering is offered. In this degree, students learn both engineering and design aspects of the automotive field. At Kettering University in Michigan, an Automotive Engineering Design Specialty degree is offered. In this degree, students learn power train engineering, chassis design and vehicle performance.

Courses

Students pursuing an automotive design degree should expect to take courses in three-dimensional modeling, styling and ergonomics. At Clemson University, students are required to take courses in vehicle design and manufacturing project management, lightweight design, integration concepts and architecture methods, and automation. In the vehicle design and manufacturing project management course, students learn problem identification, design methods, project planning and targeting costs. In order to get a degree in Automotive Engineering Design from Kettering University, students must take 39 courses, four of which need to be in their specialty. Some of these courses include failure and material considerations in design, as well as analysis and design of machines and mechanical assemblies. These courses are rounded out by a required vehicle design project at the end of student's academic courses.

Careers

Automotive design degrees lead to many different career opportunities. Automotive designers are responsible for the safety, styling, quality and function of new vehicles. Designers are expected by the firms they are employed by to be able to use computer-aided software, be able to find new design influences and change with growing trends. Automotive designers can go on to have careers designing automotive safety features, new car styles, performance features and automotive interiors.

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Formal Vs Informal Mentoring

Mentoring is the process of teaching an employee about a business and increasing his skills through a one-on-one relationship with another employee, typically a manager, who has a greater amount of experience in the company. Mentoring is used by many companies to teach things that cannot be passed along in broad training: the culture of the company, the wisdom that experience imparts, the inner workings of higher positions that may not be immediately visible and many other types of important information. Mentoring can typically occur in either a formal setting created by a business or an informal setting that occurs more naturally.

Formal

Formal mentoring relationships occur when a business chooses a particular mentor and links her with a particular "student" or lower-level employee. This often occurs during leadership development programs, where a number of employees are chosen based on their potential and trained by mentors to fill higher positions. Formal mentoring allows a business to create very specific goals for the mentorship process and to reach those goals reliably.

Informal

Informal mentoring is an organic process in which junior employees form relationships with employees above them while asking questions about the company and their job. This is more common in companies in which the business culture encourages free-form teaching and on-the-job learning; it is not often found in a company where there are many levels of management. In businesses where management positions are very demanding, few leaders will have the time for informal mentoring.

Indirect Benefits

Indirect benefits refers to the intangible advantages of mentoring, the talents and encouragement that are passed along, which cannot be taught any other way. Informal mentoring works the best for this process. Informal mentoring is based on a rapport that the student and mentor already have, which makes it much easier for the student to pick up indirect benefits. When a company chooses a mentorship strategically, the mentor and student may not like each other at all, so valuable learning opportunities can be lost.

Perception of Mentoring

The perception of mentoring is also very important in a business. Informal mentoring is rarely seen as a threat, especially in a business where the culture encourages such relationships. Formal mentoring, while creating solid expectations, can create more serious interpersonal problems. A mentoring relationship may occur with a leader different from the employee's direct manager. In this case the direct manager may feel threatened by the relationship and try to sabotage the employee to save a job, authority or pride.

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What Makes You Ineligible For Unemployment Benefits

Unemployment benefits help individuals who are between jobs to make ends meet. However, before you collect a dime of benefits, your state's labor office must verify you meet the qualifications. Even after you begin collecting benefits, you may become ineligible if you don't continue to meet the qualifications. The specific qualifications by state, so it's important that you contact your state's labor office for the ones that apply to you. There are, however, certain qualifications that generally apply to everyone.

Still Working

The first qualification requirement is that you be unemployed. The term "unemployed," however, may mean different things in different states. In addition to the traditional completely unemployed status, states often also consider partial unemployment. Partial unemployment is when you do have some income but it's less than full-time work hours and you earn less than your eligible weekly benefit amount. If you're not totally unemployed with no income or able to meet your state's partial unemployment qualifications, you're ineligible for benefits.

Ineligible Job Separation

Another major qualification for unemployment is that you be unemployed through no fault of your own. In almost all cases, this means you must be terminated or leave for reasons beyond your control. For example, if your employer lays you off due to the company's finances, you're eligible for benefits. On the other hand, if you were terminated for failure to do your job, you likely can't collect unemployment. You also won't be able to collect unemployment benefits if you leave you job voluntarily.

Not Looking for New Employment

Once you're approve for benefits, you may still become ineligible for unemployment if you're not making a significant effort to look for new full-time employment. Although all states require you to keep a record of your job search, the content of the records may vary depending on the state. The amount of time you must spend looking for new work varies, too. If the state requests that you show your job search records and you can't provide satisfactory information, you're ineligible to collect benefits.

Maxed Benefit Amount

Each unemployment claim has a maximum benefit amount --- often referred to as MBA or total claim benefits --- that caps the amount of money you may collect. Each state has its own formula for calculating the maximum benefit, but the formula always has a basis in the amount of wages you earned in the 15 to 18 months before you started collecting benefits. Once you've collected your total claim benefits, you're ineligible to collect benefits until the next benefit year.

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Beach Hop Down Mexico'S Pacific Coast

Acapulco shoreline

Taking the slow and winding road down Mexico's Pacific coast will afford a traveler with a vareity of experiences. There are the big resort towns full of high-rise hotels and modern discos, busy ports, secluded backwater beach towns where you're more likely to find a hammock than a king-size bed and fishing villages where you can pull up a seat and sample the catch of the minute. In between, there are winding roads, steep cliffs, cactus-dotted shoreline and countless adventures to be had.

Instructions

1. Chart your course. Grab a map of Mexico (the Guia Roja series is good). You can also find detailed maps in Mexico guidebooks, particularly the Lonely Planet and Moon series. It's best to find a general Mexico or Pacific coast guide, because you don't want to haul around a bunch of reference material.

2. Pick your luggage and pack your bags. If you're taking the buses down the coast, pack a lightweight backpack. Pack light cotton shirts that can dry quickly. Bring one pair of long pants so that you can visit village churches and cathedrals. Bring a thin long-sleeved shirt or two to protect your arms from mosquitoes at night. You can also opt to pack a mosquito net. Most major beach towns sell sunscreen and bug repellent, but if you want the non-DDT stuff, bring your own bottle of Skin So Soft, sold online at Avon's website.

3. Choose an entry point. You can start at the California border if you want to go south to La Paz and then take the ferry across to Mazatlan. Note that this is an 18-hour ride. You can fly into a central coastal city on mainland Mexico, such as Puerto Vallarta, if you want to do a round-trip journey, or start very far south, in Puerto Escondido, and work your way back north.

4. Become bus-savvy. First-class buses in Mexico will get you to almost anywhere you want to go, and they have seats similar to those on airplanes. If it's summer, consider cooler nighttime bus rides though, with any luck, your bus will be air-conditioned. Bring snacks in case you aren't stopping for awhile. Some hand sanitizer is also a good idea, as road stop and bus bathrooms might not have soap. Don't pick a seat in the back of the bus, near the bathrooms. On nighttime rides, choose the side of the bus that won't be as close to oncoming bright headlights. Pack some motion sickness medicine if you're at all sensitive,, particularly when around the southern Pacific coast. Bring bottled water.

5. Hit the great spots. There is the laid-back small beach town vibe of Melaque, a break from the buzz of Puerto Vallarta. Acapulco has a retro charm. The dynamic duo of Ixtapa and Zihuatanejo deliver resort style by transforming fishing villages into chic retreats. Puerto Escondido attracts gorgeous Italian women, eco-tourists, international surfers and families, while Puerto Angel is more bohemian. The small hamlets of San Agustanillo and Mazunte are also mellow and gorgeous.

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Metastasis Of Squamous Cell Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a big deal. These days, more people are being diagnosed with skin cancer than ever before. Long hours, days and months in the sun or lounging in tanning beds may make you look toned and buff now, but you may end up paying for it later. Squamous cell cancer is easily treatable when detected early, but if it metastasizes (travels) somewhere else in the body, it can affect other vital organs and functions.

Definition

Metastasis is the process that occurs when a cancer has spread from a point of origin (primary site) to another location, or locations (secondary site), in the body. When discovered and treated early, most types of skin cancer can be treated and cured before they have a chance to metastasize. Squamous cell carcinoma can metastasize, or travel, to other parts of the body. Squamous cell carcinoma often metastasizes from a cancerous skin growth also known as actinic keratosis through blood vessels or lymph system fluids to major organs to form tissue masses or tumors that may range in size from a pencil eraser to a softball.

Causes

Squamous skin cells are most commonly found in the inner skin layers. This type of cancer is most often caused by prolonged exposure to UV rays, but is often more prevalent in those who are aging or those whose family heredity predisposes them to certain types of cancer. Individuals who sunburn often and easily, as well as those who are fair skinned, are more prone to being diagnosed with skin cancer.

Behavior

Squamous skin cancer or squamous cell carcinoma often metastasizes to major body organs such as the lungs, brain and liver and to the bones and adrenal glands. Squamous skin cell cancer is known to metastasize quite quickly if not treated early. The National Cancer Institute prints a fact sheet that defines some common behaviors in metastatic cancers. For example, lung cancers often spread to the brain, while cancers of the colon often spread to the liver. Cancers commonly metastasize in several ways--through tissues, the bloodstream or the lymphatic system.

Signs and Symptoms of Metastasizing Cancer

Some people may experience metastatic cancer and not know it until symptoms present. For example, someone who has been treated for breast cancer which has metastasized to the brain might experience symptoms like headaches, dizziness or nerve-related symptoms like blurred vision, difficulty hearing and so forth. Someone experiencing cancer that metastasizes to the liver might experience weight loss, jaundice, pain in the abdomen or even edema (swelling or fluid retention) in the legs. Every secondary cancer site may offer different signs and symptoms.

Diagnostics

In most cases, diagnostic tests may be performed to help pinpoint not only original cancer (primary) sites, but also secondary or metastasis sites. Common diagnostic exams may include but are not limited to bone scan X-rays, CT (computerized tomography) scans, needle aspiration or biopsy and MRIs (magnetic resonance imaging) or ultrasound.

Prevention/Solution

According to the National Cancer Institute, nearly one million people are diagnosed with skin cancer every year. To prevent skin cancer, avoid prolonged exposure to the sun during daylight hours, wear sunscreen every day (during all seasons) and avoid tanning beds. In addition, regularly check your skin for moles, bumps or lumps that you didn't notice before, and keep track of any freckles or moles that seem to be growing or changing shape or color.

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Prepare For A Law Enforcement Job Interview

Law enforcement applicants face a myriad of tests before the actual job interview: written exams, physical agility testing and several types of background checks (criminal, driving and credit). So if they reach the interview stage they have aced over half the law enforcement agency's expectations, but they are not home free yet. There are still the behavioral interview questions to answer and the responses to those questions can eliminate an otherwise exceptional candidate.

Instructions

1. Educate yourself about political dynamics by asking several current employees at the law enforcement agency (and whom you know on a personal basis), to tell you if the Chief of Police, or the Sheriff, get along well with the city commissioners. This information is important to know since police chiefs are dependent upon city commissioners for approval on budget requests, as well as new program implementations and officer promotions, and any adverse relations between the two might serve to end your interest at this stage in the process. Ask if leadership in the agency supports community policing, as this work dynamic will affect the priority they will want new officers to place on community concerns that may be brought to their attention while in the field. Ask the job recruiter to provide you information about the personality, educational level reached, and agency length of employment, for each agency individual scheduled to help conduct your law enforcement job interview. Armed with this information you will be better equipped to understand your interviewers and their comments and questions.

2. Compare your personality and skills to those the agency is seeking for the desired position. Do this by requesting the human resource department provide you with a list of the desired personality traits and skills the agency seeks from applicants for this position. Have someone who knows you well--through personal and professional interactions--help you review the list for confirmation that you meet the desired attributes, and to help you craft statements to voice during the interview that reflect how you meets the agency's desired requirements. Arm yourself with detailed knowledge about the police job you are interviewing for by speaking with others in the agency that hold that position. Ask to participate in a ride along with one or two of these officers to get an accurate idea of daily job duties, as well as a basic understanding of the police equipment used.

3. Compile letters of reference, copies of pertinent educational degrees, certification verifications, and several copies of your resume for handout to a number of interviewees, as it is likely you will be interviewed by more than one individual within the organization, or even a panel of people. Once you gather all these documents, make copies of each and place in a professional-looking binder (black is the color of choice), using clear page protectors for each document. This portfolio will look more "pulled together" than a mere envelope, affording you more credibility during the interview and application process and allowing for quick removal of items as needed. Have your proof of auto insurance card, as well as two forms of identification. If you have a gun license, bring that too.

4. Prepare for the behavioral interview by creating a script of the possible questions by asking current employees--in the desired position--to provide you with a list of questions they were asked at their interview for employment, and the responses that they gave. One question likely to be asked if you are applying for a police officer position, and the answer that would be expected for it, is: If you were called to a domestic violence scene and the husband came to the door and told you everything was alright. What would you do? The proper response would be to insist on speaking to the woman of the house, outside the home, and in private. An officer cannot take the potential abuser's word that everything is okay. Another possible question would be, "If a criminal is attempting to flee, and you are on foot, do you give chase or go back to your vehicle?" The correct response would be to follow on foot, as time is of the essence. Practice fielding the behavioral interview questions supplied by current law enforcement employees by inviting your friends to serve as a mock interview panel. Armed with your created script, and in a similar setting to what you can expect for the behavioral portion of your upcoming interview, your friends can aid you in mentally preparing for the difficult interview to come.

5. Dress and groom accordingly: Professional attire of the appropriate season (dark suit and tie for men; dark dress or dressy pantsuit for women), neat and above the collar (or up-swept for women) hair, minimum and conservative jewelry (if any at all), no cologne or perfume, and black shoes or pumps with no obvious scuff marks or dirt.

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The Decline Of Mainframe Use

The mainframe market has declined, but they are still heavily used.

As network servers have proliferated in recent years, the public perception is that mainframe usage has declined. Although some companies have dumped mainframes and their high cost of ownership, many companies still use them. Since the 1990s, many businesses have implemented virtual servers on their mainframes, combining the flexibility of server operating systems with the reliability of mainframe hardware.

History

Mainframes got their initial start in the 1950s, as companies such as IBM, Honeywell and other companies developed computers for companies that needed plenty of processing power. Although the 1970s and 1980s saw the mainframe market begin to shrink, a change in the trend came in the 1990s, when companies found they could run hundreds of virtual servers on a single reliable mainframe. This development stabilized the decline in mainframe sales to some degree.

Users

The companies that use mainframes typically require extensive processing power and reliability. The list of mainframe users includes financial companies, insurance companies and other companies that need the batch and online power that mainframes provide.

Makers

Over the past several decades, some U.S. mainframe manufacturers have either closed or merged with other companies. Unisys, Fujitsu and Hewlett-Packard still build and market mainframes, but IBM has historically been the undisputed king of the mainframe market. Recent trends point to growth by HP and other midrange server manufacturers, which have taken a slight toll on IBM's market share.

Benefits

While mainframe computers carry a higher cost than their smaller competitors, they provide a level of reliability that cannot be matched by smaller computer systems. This is one of the main factors that attract large companies to the mainframe as a data processing tool of choice. The ability to handle a large volume of transactions with stability and security makes a mainframe computer an attractive solution from these companies' data-processing requirements.

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