Merkel cell carcinoma
, also called neuroendocrine carcinoma, is a very rare form of skin cancer. It normally forms on, or just under, the skin. The Merkel cells are hormone-making cells, and this cancer forms when those cells grow uncontrollably.
Where it Starts
Merkel cell carcinoma normally starts on a part of the body that is exposed to the sun, such as arms, legs, head and neck. Typically, it begins as a single, painless lump.
Growth
This cancer grows very quickly and spreads early in its development. Usually, a single lump metastasizes to lymph nodes and then moves to other parts of the body, such as bone, lungs, liver and brain.
Risk Factors
Risk factors for this form of skin cancer include a history of skin cancer, being male, being past age 70 years, being Caucasian, a weakened immune system and heavy exposure to sunlight.
Tests
A physical examination for unusual lumps or bumps and a biopsy are the best methods to test for Merkel cell carcinoma. Cells removed by biopsy are treated and examined with an electron microscope.
Prognosis
The prognosis for a patient with this skin cancer depends on the stage of the cancer, where it is located, and the patient's age and health.
Treatment
Treatment for Merkel cell carcinoma usually includes lymph node removal, surgery, radiation and chemotherapy.
Tags: Merkel cell, Merkel cell carcinoma, skin cancer, cell carcinoma, cell carcinoma
