Pap smears are tests used to detect irregularities within the cells of the cervix, many of which are caused by HPV infection. In detecting these irregularities, doctor and patient can work together to take steps to resolve any existing issues.
Features
A Pap smear can identify changes that are taking places in the cells of the cervix, the lower portion of the uterus. These include mild abnormalities as well as precancerous and cancerous areas, according to WomensHealth.gov.
Identification
Although a Pap smear can find evidence of HPV infection, it does not itself detect HPV. An HPV-specific test is necessary to confirm the presence of HPV; this can also be performed at the same time as a Pap smear.
Benefits
By identifying abnormalities early, WomensHealth.gov reports that women can lower their risk of developing serious complications of HPV infection or treat complications in their earliest stages.
Considerations
If HPV is identified from a Pap smear or Pap smear with HPV testing, it is possible the virus will disappear on its own. However, if your doctor feels the abnormal cells need to be removed you can use cryotherapy to freeze out the cells, the LEEP procedure to remove them with an electric current, or remove them with a cone biopsy.
Time Frame
According to the Mayo Clinic, women who have been sexually active for three years or who are 21 should begin to get Pap smears. Your gynecologist can help you determine when and how often you need pap smears based on your individual characteristics and medical history.
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