A prenatal paternity test determines the paternal relationship before a child is born. Just like in standard paternity testing, prenatal paternity testing compares the DNA of the alleged father and child.
Benefits of Prenatal Paternity Testing
If there is any doubt as to whom the father of a child is, a paternity test is recommended to be done as soon as possible. Establishing paternity plays an important factor in ensuring a child's wellbeing and legal rights. Paternity testing allows access to legal and social benefits, including Veterans, social security and inheritance benefits. Paternity testing also provides an accurate medical history for the child, which gives healthcare providers insight during diagnosis and while maintaining the child's health.
Amniocentesis
Amniocentesis is a test that can be performed within the second trimester of pregnancy (14 to 20 weeks). An ultrasound is used to guide a thin needle into the uterus, through the abdomen. The needle draws amniotic fluid, which is then used for testing. There are some risks that may involved with this procedure, including cramping, vaginal bleeding, a small chance of harming the baby, miscarriage and leaking of amniotic fluid.
Chorionic Villus Sampling
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a test that can be done in the earlier stages of pregnancy, at 10-13 weeks. An ultrasound is used to guide a thin needle into the vagina and through the cervix to obtain chorionic villi, which are pieces of tissue attached to the uterus.
Risk of Prenatal Paternity Testing
Prenatal paternity testing involves some risk, depending on which type of test is conducted. Amniocentesis and CVS are frequently discouraged for the sole reason of paternity because they increase the risk of miscarriage. However, paternity testing done after the baby is born involves no known risks.
Where to go for Prenatal Paternity Testing
There are many paternity testing and DNA testing facilities throughout the country. Before choosing a facility, make sure that it is accredited by the American Association of Blood Banks. The official paternity test of the American Pregnancy Association is the DNA Diagnostics Center.
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