Females can experience breast swelling for many reasons, including hormonal changes, medication use or an underlying condition. Regardless of the reason, it isn't necessarily something you should take lightly, so consult with your doctor to determine the exact cause of this swelling, especially if it is unusual or uneven.
Puberty
One of the main reasons for swelling of the breasts is puberty, during which adolescent girls also experience a change in hormone levels. This usually prompts the breasts to swell or grow in size. This typically isn't a cause for alarm, but you should still see your your doctor to establish a routine for checkups and pap smear tests.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy is another potential cause of breast swelling, as it also induces changes in hormone levels. In preparation for the birth of a child, breasts generally become tender in the first trimester and begin to swell in the second trimester as they prepare for milk production.
Menstruation
Though it doesn't occur to all women, it's possible to experience some breast swelling during a menstrual cycle as aresult of the hormonal change taking place as the body sheds the lining of the uterus.
Medications
There are a few medications that may cause some swelling within the breasts. Oral contraceptives are the most common, but you may also experience changes in your breast tissue with hormone replacement therapy (estrogen and progestin). And much like puberty, pregnancy and menstruation, it has a lot to do with hormone levels. In either of these situations, swelling is generally slight, and you may never notice the change.
Obstruction
Obstruction of the lymph nodes of the breast may also cause some inflammation or swelling. Often referred to as lymphedema, an obstruction occurs and impedes fluid drainage. Though this is more commonly seen in the arms or legs, it is possible for it to happen within the breast.
Cancer
Breast cancer can also cause swelling, though it is typically isolated to the breast affected by the abnormal cells. It is also commonly accompanied by a lump, unusual discharge, skin discoloration and a dimpling effect along the skin.
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