DEXA scans
utilize X-ray technology to evaluate bone density.
Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) is a test similar to an MRI that is used to measure bone density and bone mineral content. Results from DEXA scans can be used to determine if an individual is at risk of developing osteoporosis.
Who Qualifies
DEXA scans are recommended for individuals that are at risk of developing osteoporosis. Individuals older than age 65 and female gender are ideal candidates for bone density testing. DEXA tests are generally not recommended for younger individuals that do not have documented bone density issues. Scans could be recommended by physicians if bone fragility is present.
Test Locations
Although it is possible to conduct a whole body DEXA scan, tests are usually targeted at specific areas that are prone to injury and breakage. According to the Mayo Clinic, the lower spine, bones of the wrist and forearm, and the area in which the femur connects to the hip are the areas most prone to injury and thus most often scanned using DEXA technology.
Results
A DEXA test produces a T-score which can then be used to determine an individual's osteoporosis risk. The Mayo Clinic provides simple recommendations and guidelines for T-score analysis. A T-score above -1 indicates normal bone density and a score below 2.5 indicates osteoporosis. A T-score that falls between 1 and 2.5 indicates that the individual has osteopenia, which could lead to osteoporosis in the future.
Z-Score
The Mayo Clinic also suggests looking at the Z score produced by DEXA testing. This score provides information regarding the cause of osteoporosis. A Z score lower than -1.5 could indicate that the presence of osteoporosis is due to factors other than age and hormonal changes. It is recommended to look at this score because the progression of the condition can be slowed or stopped if the ultimate cause is identified.
Tags: bone density, DEXA scans, Mayo Clinic, determine individual, developing osteoporosis
