The thyroid gland consists of two lobes that wrap around the windpipe in the neck. The thyroid gland produces the hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine which are responsible for maintaining the metabolic rate of the body. Thyroid tumors can be benign or malignant; however, according to the Mar Vista Animal Medical Center, 87 percent of thyroid tumors are malignant.
Malignant Tumors
Thyroid tumors rapidly spread to surrounding tissue. At the time of diagnosis, 35 to 40 percent of dogs will show signs of metastatic disease to the lungs, according to Vet Surgery Central Inc.
Prevalence
Thyroid tumors are fairly common, with some breeds such as golden retrievers, beagles and boxers more prone than others.
Symptoms
Symptoms of a malignant thyroid tumor begin with a lump in the neck. Other signs may include a hoarse bark, difficulty breathing, harsh breathing and difficulty swallowing.
Diagnosis
Routine blood tests and thyroid panels are performed as well as an ultrasound and x-rays to determine the invasiveness and spread of the tumor.
Treatment
Small non-invasive tumors can be surgically removed. In cases where the tumor has invaded other tissue, surgical removal is usually not an option; however, with chemotherapy and radiation, even dogs with this type of tumor can live an additional three years.
Tags: thyroid gland, Thyroid tumors
