Lung cancer, an abnormal growth of cells in one or both lungs, has many possible causes. Genetic mutations in dioxyribonucleic acid (DNA) begin in the lungs from smoking, the aging process or environmental factors such as asbestos. Once this occurs, the mutated cells replicate and spread their erroneous messages to the healthy cells. When this happens, cancer is born.
Genetic Research
Genetic research has shown that a series of genetic mutations or changes must take place in order for cancer to start. Cells may contain a form of mutation or irregularity long before becoming cancerous. These precancerous cells still function as healthy cells do. However, they continue to multiply and grow and often start to form in other parts of the body as well (metastasis).
Smoking
Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer and is responsible for more lung cancer deaths than any other factor. A man who smokes until the day he dies has a 2,300 percent greater risk of dying from cancer than from any other cause, while a lifelong nonsmoker has only a chance of less than .5 percent.
Secondhand Smoke
Secondhand smoke is responsible for the deaths of 3,400 people in the United States every year due to lung cancer. This is primarily due to the fact that cigarette smoke contains hundreds of chemicals known to be toxic or carcinogenic, including formaldehyde, benzene, vinyl chloride, arsenic ammonia and hydrogen cyanide.
Environmental Dangers
Pollution, asbestos and radiation are all factors in the development of lung cancer. By taking precautions and lessening one's exposure, it is possible to lower the risk of developing lung cancer. Wearing a face mask so as not to inhale harmful substances and using caution with radiation equipment are two such preventive measures.
Symptoms and Signs of Lung Cancer
When lung cancer is starting there are few warning signs. Lung cancer takes a long time to develop and is often not seen until later in life. Some of the warning signs include a persistent cough, coughing up blood and lingering bronchitis. Advanced stages of lung cancer produce symptoms such as weight loss, fatigue and difficulty breathing.
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